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  • Frontiers Media SA  (6)
  • Unknown  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_2.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-21)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-21)
    Abstract: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) predispose patients to various infectious and non-infectious complications. Thanks to the development and expanding use of flow cytometry and increased awareness, the diagnostic rate of IEI has markedly increased in Algeria the last decade. Aim This study aimed to describe a large cohort of Algerian patients with probable IEI and to determine their clinical characteristics and outcomes. Methods We collected and analyzed retrospectively the demographic data, clinical manifestations, immunologic, genetic data, and outcome of Algerian IEI patients - diagnosed in the department of medical immunology of Beni Messous university hospital center, Algiers, from 2008 to 2021. Results Eight hundred and seven patients with IEI (482 males and 325 females) were enrolled, 9.7% of whom were adults. Consanguinity was reported in 50.3% of the cases and a positive family history in 32.34%. The medium age at disease onset was 8 months and at diagnosis was 36 months. The median delay in diagnosis was 16 months. Combined immunodeficiencies were the most frequent (33.8%), followed by antibody deficiencies (24.5%) and well-defined syndromes with immunodeficiency (24%). Among 287 patients tested for genetic disorders, 129 patients carried pathogenic mutations; 102 having biallelic variants mostly in a homozygous state (autosomal recessive disorders). The highest mortality rate was observed in patients with combined immunodeficiency (70.1%), especially in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), Omenn syndrome, or Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II deficiency. Conclusion The spectrum of IEI in Algeria is similar to that seen in most countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, notably regarding the frequency of autosomal recessive and/or combined immunodeficiencies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900091
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900091.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900091.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900091.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900091.s004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Table_2.XLS
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Vol. 11 ( 2023-4-18)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2023-4-18)
    Abstract: Orb web and cobweb weaving spiders in the superfamily Araneoidea are distinguished by their ability to make a chemically sticky aqueous glue in specialized aggregate silk glands. Aggregate glue is an environmentally responsive material that has evolved to perform optimally around the humidity at which a spider forages. Protein components and their post-translational modifications confer stickiness to the glue, but the identities of these proteins have not been described for orb web weavers. Methods Using biomechanics, gene expression data, and proteomics, we characterized the glue’s physical properties and molecular components in two congeners that live in different environments, Argiope argentata (dry southwest US) and Argiope trifasciata (humid southeast US). Results The droplets of A. argentata are less hygroscopic than those of A. trifasciata and have proportionately smaller viscoelastic protein cores, which incorporate a smaller percentage of absorbed water as humidity increases. Argiope argentata protein cores were many times stiffer and tougher than A. trifasciata protein cores. Each species’ glue included ~30 aggregate-expressed proteins, most of which were homologous between the two species, with high sequence identity. However, the relative contribution and number of gene family members of each homologous group differed. For instance, the aggregate spidroins (AgSp1 and AgSp2) accounted for nearly half of the detected glue composition in A. argentata , but only 38% in A. trifasciata . Additionally, AgSp1, which has highly negatively charged regions, was ~2X as abundant as the positively charged AgSp2 in A. argentata , but ~3X as abundant in A. trifasciata . As another example, A. argentata glue included 11 members of a newly discovered cysteine-rich gene family, versus 7 members in A. trifasciata . Discussion Cysteines form disulfide bonds that, combined with the higher potential for electrostatic interactions between AgSp1 and AgSp2, could contribute to the greater stiffness of A. argentata glue. The ability to selectively express different glue protein genes and/or to extrude their products at different rates provides a faster mechanism to evolve material properties than sequence evolution alone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-701X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1099481
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1099481.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1099481.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1099481.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1099481.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1099481.s005
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2745634-1
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  • 3
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    Non-Linear Processes in the Gironde River Plume (North-East Atlantic): Instabilities and Mixing
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-6-30)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-6-30)
    Abstract: Instability and mixing are ubiquitous processes in river plumes but their small spatial and temporal scales often limit their observation and analysis. We investigate flow instability and mixing processes in the Gironde river plume (Bay of Biscay, North-East Atlantic ocean) in response to air-sea fluxes, tidal currents, and winds. High-resolution numerical simulations are conducted in March (average river discharge) and in August (low discharge) to explore such processes. Two areas of the Gironde river plume (the bulge and the coastal current) experience different instabilities: barotropic, baroclinic, symmetric, and/or vertical shear instabilities. Energy conversion terms reveal the coexistence of barotropic and baroclinic instabilities in the bulge and in the coastal current during both months. These instabilities are intensified over the whole domain in August and over the inner-shelf in March. The Hoskins criterion indicates that symmetric instability exists in most parts of the plume during both periods. The evolution of the Gironde plume with the summer stratification, tidal currents and winds favors its development. During both seasons, ageostrophic flow and large Rossby numbers characterize rapidly-growing and small-scale frontal baroclinic and symmetric instabilities. The transition between these instabilities is investigated with an EKE decomposition on the modes of instability. In the frontal region of the plume, during both months, symmetric instabilities grow first followed by baroclinic and mixed ones, during wind bursts and/or high discharge events. In contrast, when the wind is weak or relaxing, baroclinic instabilities grow first followed by symmetric and then mixed ones. Their growth periods range from a few hours to a few days. Mixing at the ocean surface is analyzed via Potential Vorticity (PV) fluxes. The net injection of PV at the ocean surface occurs at submesoscale buoyant fronts of the Gironde plume during both months. Vertical mixing at these fronts has similar magnitude as the wind-driven and surface buoyancy fluxes. During both months, the frontal region of the plume is restratified during wind relaxation events and/or high river discharge events through frontogenetic processes. Conversely, wind bursts destratify the frontal plume interior through non-conservative PV fluxes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.701773
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Model-Observations Synergy in the Coastal Ocean
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2019
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 6 ( 2019-7-23)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 6 ( 2019-7-23)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00436
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Integration of HF Radar Observations for an Enhanced Coastal Mean Dynamic Topography
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 7 ( 2020-11-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 7 ( 2020-11-24)
    Abstract: Satellite altimeters provide continuous information of the sea level variability and mesoscale processes for the global ocean. For estimating the sea level above the geoid and monitoring the full ocean dynamics from altimeters measurements, a key reference surface is needed: The Mean Dynamic Topography (MDT). However, in coastal areas, where, in situ measurements are sparse and the typical scales of the motion are generally smaller than in the deep ocean, the global MDT solutions are less accurate than in the open ocean, even if significant improvement has been done in the past years. An opportunity to fill in this gap has arisen with the growing availability of long time-series of high-resolution HF radar surface velocity measurements in some areas, such as the south-eastern Bay of Biscay. The prerequisite for the computation of a coastal MDT, using the newly available data of surface velocities, was to obtain a robust methodology to remove the ageostrophic signal from the HF radar measurements, in coherence with the scales resolved by the altimetry. To that end, we first filtered out the tidal and inertial motions, and then, we developed and tested a method that removed the Ekman component and the remaining divergent part of the flow. A regional high-resolution hindcast simulation was used to assess the method. Then, the processed HF radar geostrophic velocities were used in synergy with additional in situ data, altimetry, and gravimetry to compute a new coastal MDT, which shows significant improvement compared with the global MDT. This study showcases the benefit of combining satellite data with continuous, high-frequency, and synoptic in situ velocity data from coastal radar measurements; taking advantage of the different scales resolved by each of the measuring systems. The integrated analysis of in situ observations, satellite data, and numerical simulations has provided a further step in the understanding of the local ocean processes, and the new MDT a basis for more reliable monitoring of the study area. Recommendations for the replicability of the methodology in other coastal areas are also provided. Finally, the methods developed in this study and the more accurate regional MDT could benefit present and future high-resolution altimetric missions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.588713
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Data_Sheet_2.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Marine Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-11-12)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Marine Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-11-12)
    Abstract: We study the daily to interannual variability of the Red River plume in the Gulf of Tonkin from numerical simulations at high resolution over 6 years (2011–2016). Compared with observational data, the model results show good performance. To identify the plume, passive tracers are used in order to (1) help distinguish the freshwater coming from different continental sources, including the Red River branches, and (2) avoid the low salinity effect due to precipitation. We first consider the buoyant plume formed by the Red River waters and three other nearby rivers along the Vietnamese coast. We show that the temporal evolution of the surface coverage of the plume is correlated with the runoff (within a lag), but that the runoff only cannot explain the variability of the river plume; other processes, such as winds and tides, are involved. Using a K-means unsupervised machine learning algorithm, the main patterns of the plume and their evolution in time are analyzed and linked to different environmental conditions. In winter, the plume is narrow and sticks along the coast most of the time due to the downcoast current and northeasterly wind. In early summer, the southwesterly monsoon wind makes the plume flow offshore. The plume reaches its highest coverage in September after the peak of runoff. Vertically, the plume thickness also shows seasonal variations. In winter, the plume is narrow and mixed over the whole water depth, while in summer, the plume can be detached both from the bottom and the coast. The plume can deepen offshore in summer, due to strong wind (in May, June) or specifically to a recurrent eddy occurring near 19°N (in August). This first analysis of the variability of the Red River plume can be used to provide a general picture of the transport of materials from the river to the ocean, for example in case of anthropogenic chemical substances leaked to the river. For this purpose, we provide maps of the receiving basins for the different river systems in the Gulf of Tonkin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-7745
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.772139
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.772139.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2021.772139.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2757748-X
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