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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hypertensive Arteriopathy and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Patients with Cognitive Decline and Mixed Cerebral Microbleeds
    IOS Press ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Vol. 78, No. 4 ( 2020-12-08), p. 1765-1774
    Details
    In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, IOS Press, Vol. 78, No. 4 ( 2020-12-08), p. 1765-1774
    Abstract: Background: Hypertensive arteriopathy (HA) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) may contribute to the development of mixed cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). Recently, the total small vessel disease (SVD) scores for HA and CAA were proposed, which are determined by a combination of MRI markers to reflect overall severity of these microangiopathies. Objective: We investigated whether or not total HA-SVD and CAA-SVD scores could be used to predict overlap of HA and CAA in patients with mixed CMBs. Methods: Fifty-three subjects with mixed CMBs were retrospectively analyzed. MRI markers (CMBs, lacunes, perivascular space, white matter hyperintensity [WMH] and cortical superficial siderosis [cSS] ) were assessed. The HA-SVD score and CAA-SVD score were obtained for each subject. Anterior or posterior WMH was also assessed using the age-related white matter changes scale. Results: The two scores were positively correlated (ρ= 0.449, p  〈  0.001). The prevalence of lobar dominant CMB distribution (p  〈  0.001) and lacunes in the centrum semiovale (p  〈  0.001) and the severity of WMH in the parieto-occipital lobes (p = 0.004) were significantly higher in the high CAA-SVD score group. cSS was found in four patients with high CAA-SVD score who showed lobar-dominant CMB distribution and severe posterior WMH. Conclusion: Mixed CMBs are mainly due to HA. Assessing both two scores may predict the overlap of HA and CAA in individuals with mixed CMBs. Patients with a high CAA-SVD score may have some degree of advanced CAA, especially when lobar predominant CMBs, severe posterior WMH, lobar lacunes, or cSS are observed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1387-2877 , 1875-8908
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3233/JAD-200992
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOS Press
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070772-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cerebral Microbleeds With Atrial Fibrillation After Ablation Therapy
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Vol. 16 ( 2022-2-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 16 ( 2022-2-14)
    Abstract: The prevalence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) is significantly higher in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) than in those without AF. CMBs in patients with AF have been reported to be primarily of the lobar type, but the exact cause of this remains unknown. We investigated the possibility that hemorrhagic transformation of embolic microinfarction can account for de novo lobar CMBs. Methods A total of 101 patients who underwent ablation therapy for AF were prospectively registered, and 72 patients completed the assessment with MRI 6 months after catheter ablation. Brain MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), were examined at 1–3 days (baseline) and 6 months after catheter ablation. We quantitatively evaluated the spatial and temporal distribution of embolic microinfarctions and de novo CMBs. Results Of the 101 patients, 68 were enrolled in this study. Fifty-nine patients (86.8%) showed embolic microinfarctions on baseline DWI immediately after catheter ablation. There were 137 CMBs in SWI, and 96 CMBs were of the lobar type. Six months later, there were 208 CMBs, including 71 de novo CMBs, and 60 of 71 (84.5%) were of the lobar type. Of the 71 de novo CMBs, 56 (78.9%) corresponded to the location of previous embolic microinfarctions found on baseline DWI. The platelet count was significantly lower and hematocrit/hemoglobin and Fazekas score were higher in the group with de novo CMBs than in the group without de novo CMBs. Conclusion De novo CMBs frequently appeared after catheter ablation therapy. Our results suggest that embolic microinfarction can cause lobar CMBs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-5102
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.818288
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2452963-1
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  • 3
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    Table_1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience Vol. 15 ( 2023-8-3)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2023-8-3)
    Abstract: The severity of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been assessed using hypertensive arteriopathy SVD and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)-SVD scores. In addition, we reported the modified CAA-SVD score including cortical microinfarcts and posterior dominant white matter hyperintensity. Each SVD score has been associated with cognitive function, but the longitudinal changes remain unclear. Therefore, this study prospectively examined the prognostic value of each SVD score, imaging findings of cerebral SVD, and neuropsychological assessment. Methods This study included 29 patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia at memory clinic in our hospital, who underwent clinical dementia rating (CDR) and brain MRI (3D-fluid attenuated inversion recovery, 3D-double inversion recovery, and susceptibility-weighted imaging) at baseline and 1 year later. Each SVD score and neuropsychological tests including the Mini-Mental State Examination, Japanese Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices, Trail Making Test -A/-B, and the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test were evaluated at baseline and 1 year later. Results Twenty patients had unchanged CDR (group A), while nine patients had worsened CDR (group B) after 1 year. At baseline, there was no significant difference in each SVD score; after 1 year, group B had significantly increased CAA-SVD and modified CAA-SVD scores. Group B also showed a significantly higher number of lobar microbleeds than group A at baseline. Furthermore, group B had significantly longer Japanese Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices and Trail Making test-A times at baseline. After 1 year, group B had significantly lower Mini-Mental State Examination, Japanese Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices, and Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test scores and significantly fewer word fluency (letters). Conclusion Patients with worsened CDR 1 year after had a higher number of lobar microbleeds and prolonged psychomotor speed at baseline. These findings may become predictors of cognitive deterioration in patients who visit memory clinics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-4365
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1155122
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1155122.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2558898-9
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Association between behavioral and psychological symptoms and cerebral small vessel disease MRI findings in memory clinic patients
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience Vol. 15 ( 2023-3-24)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2023-3-24)
    Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is commonly observed among elderly individuals with cognitive impairment and has been recognized as a vascular contributor to dementia and behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPS), however, the relationship between BPS and SVD burden remains unclear. Methods We prospectively recruited 42 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia from the memory clinic in our hospital, who were assigned to either a clinical dementia rating (CDR) of 0.5 or 1.0, respectively. The presence of BPS was determined through interviews with caregivers. The patients underwent brain MRI and three types of SVD scores, total, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and modified CAA, were assigned. Patients were also evaluated through various neuropsychological assessments. Results The CDR was significantly higher in patients with BPS ( p  = 0.001). The use of antihypertensive agents was significantly higher in patients without BPS ( p  = 0.038). The time taken to complete trail making test set-A was also significantly longer in patients with BPS ( p  = 0.037). There was no significant difference in total SVD and CAA-SVD score ( p  = 0.745, and 0.096) and the modified CAA-SVD score was significantly higher in patients with BPS ( p  = 0.046). In addition, the number of total CMBs and lobar CMBs was significantly higher in patients with BPS ( p  = 0.001 and 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curves for BPS showed that for modified CAA-SVD, a cutoff score of 3.5 showed 46.7% sensitivity and 81.5% specificity. Meanwhile, for the total number of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), a cut-off score of 2.5 showed 80.0% sensitivity and 77.8% specificity and for the number of lobar CMBs, a cut-off score of 2.5 showed 73.3% sensitivity and 77.8% specificity. Conclusion Overall, patients with BPS showed worse CDRs, reduced psychomotor speed, higher modified CAA-SVD scores, larger numbers of total and lobar CMBs. We propose that severe modified CAA scores and higher numbers of total and lobar CMBs are potential risk factors for BPS in patients with mild dementia or MCI. Therefore, by preventing these MRI lesions, the risk of BPS may be mitigated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-4365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1143834
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2558898-9
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Table_1.pdf
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2024
    In:  Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 15 ( 2024-3-14)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2024-3-14)
    Abstract: CD8 + T cells affect the outcomes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Using tissue samples at pre-treatment to monitor the immune response is challenging, while blood samples are beneficial in overcoming this limitation. In this study, we measured peripheral antigen-specific CD8 + T cell responses against four different tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in PDAC using flow cytometry and investigated their relationships with clinical features. We analyzed the optimal timing within the treatment course for effective immune checkpoint inhibition in vitro . We demonstrated that the frequency of TAA-specific IFNγ + 4-1BB + CD8 + T cells was correlated with a fold reduction in CA19-9 before and after neoadjuvant therapy. Moreover, patients with TAA-specific IFNγ + 4-1BB + CD8 + T cells after surgery exhibited a significantly improved disease-free survival. Anti-PD-1 treatment in vitro increased the frequency of TAA-specific IFNγ + 4-1BB + CD8 + T cells before neoadjuvant therapy in patients, suggesting the importance of the timing of anti-PD-1 inhibition during the treatment regimen. Our results indicate that peripheral immunophenotyping, combined with highly sensitive identification of TAA-specific responses in vitro as well as detailed CD8 + T cell subset profiling via ex vivo analysis, may serve as peripheral biomarkers to predict treatment outcomes and therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-3224
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363568
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363568.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363568.s002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8
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