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  • 1
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    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 10 ( 2021-1-18)
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    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2021-1-18)
    Abstract: Although the current standard preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) for stage II/III rectal cancer decreases the risk of local recurrence, it does not improve survival and increases the likelihood of preoperative overtreatment, especially in patients without circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement. Methods Stage II/III rectal cancer without CRM involvement and lateral lymph node metastasis was radiologically defined by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients who received PCRT followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) (PCRT group) and upfront surgery (US) with TME (US group) between 2010 and 2016 were analyzed. We derived cohorts of PCRT group versus US group using propensity-score matching for stage, age, and distance from the anal verge. Three-year relapse-free survival rate, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 202 patients were analyzed after propensity score matching. There were no differences in baseline characteristics. The median follow-up duration was 62 months (interquartile range, 46–87). There was no difference in the 3-year disease-free survival rate between the PCRT and US groups (83 vs. 88%, respectively; p=0.326). Likewise, there was no significant difference in the 3-year OS (89 vs. 91%, respectively; p=0.466). The 3-year locoregional recurrence rates (3 vs. 2% with US, p=0.667) and distant metastasis rates (16 vs. 11%, p=0.428) were not significantly different between the two groups. Time to completion of curative treatment was significantly shorter in the US group (132 days) than in the PCRT group (225 days) (p & lt;0.001). Conclusion Using MRI-guided selection for better risk stratification, US without neoadjuvant therapy can be considered in early stage patients with good prognosis. PCRT may not be required for all stage II/III rectal cancer patients, especially for the MRI-proven intermediate-risk group (cT1-2/N1, cT3N0) without CRM involvement and lateral lymph node metastasis. Further prospective studies are warranted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.609313
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.609313.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 2
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    Effect of sarcopenia on postoperative ICU admission and length of stay after hepatic resection for Klatskin tumor
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 13 ( 2023-3-9)
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    In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2023-3-9)
    Abstract: Hepatic resection of Klatskin tumors usually requires postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) admission because of its high morbidity and mortality. Identifying surgical patients who will benefit most from ICU admission is important because of scarce resources but remains difficult. Sarcopenia is characterised by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and is associated with poor surgical outcomes. Methods We retrospectively analysed th.e relationship between preoperative sarcopenia and postoperative ICU admission and length of ICU stay (LOS-I) in patients who underwent hepatic resection for Klatskin tumors. Using preoperative computed tomography scans, the cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle at the level of the third lumbar vertebra was measured and normalised to the patient’s height. Using these values, the optimal cut-off for diagnosing sarcopenia was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for each sex. Results Of 330 patients, 150 (45.5%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Patients with preoperative sarcopenia presented significantly more frequently to the ICU (77.3% vs . 47.9%, p & lt; 0.001) and had longer total LOS-I (2.45 vs 0.89 days, p & lt; 0.001). Moreover, patients with sarcopenia showed a significantly higher postoperative length of hospital stay, severe complication rate, and in-hospital mortality. Conclusions Sarcopenia correlated with poor postoperative outcomes, especially with the increased requirement of postoperative ICU admission and prolonged LOS-I after hepatic resection in patients with Klatskin tumors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2234-943X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1136376
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7
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  • 3
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    New Era of Air Quality Monitoring from Space: Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS)
    American Meteorological Society ; 2020
    In:  Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Vol. 101, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. E1-E22
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 101, No. 1 ( 2020-01), p. E1-E22
    Abstract: The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) is scheduled for launch in February 2020 to monitor air quality (AQ) at an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution from a geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) for the first time. With the development of UV–visible spectrometers at sub-nm spectral resolution and sophisticated retrieval algorithms, estimates of the column amounts of atmospheric pollutants (O 3 , NO 2 , SO 2 , HCHO, CHOCHO, and aerosols) can be obtained. To date, all the UV–visible satellite missions monitoring air quality have been in low Earth orbit (LEO), allowing one to two observations per day. With UV–visible instruments on GEO platforms, the diurnal variations of these pollutants can now be determined. Details of the GEMS mission are presented, including instrumentation, scientific algorithms, predicted performance, and applications for air quality forecasts through data assimilation. GEMS will be on board the Geostationary Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite 2 (GEO-KOMPSAT-2) satellite series, which also hosts the Advanced Meteorological Imager (AMI) and Geostationary Ocean Color Imager 2 (GOCI-2). These three instruments will provide synergistic science products to better understand air quality, meteorology, the long-range transport of air pollutants, emission source distributions, and chemical processes. Faster sampling rates at higher spatial resolution will increase the probability of finding cloud-free pixels, leading to more observations of aerosols and trace gases than is possible from LEO. GEMS will be joined by NASA’s Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) and ESA’s Sentinel-4 to form a GEO AQ satellite constellation in early 2020s, coordinated by the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-0007 , 1520-0477
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0013.1
    DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-18-0013.2
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2029396-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 419957-1
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