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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2019
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2019-12-31), p. 1142-1149
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 13, No. 12 ( 2019-12-31), p. 1142-1149
    Abstract: Introduction: It has recently been demonstrated that there is a very high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among hemodialysis patients in Kosovo with HCV subtype 1 being the most prevalent subtype. In this study, we further detail the molecular epidemiology of HCV outbreaks occurring in seven dialysis centers in Kosovo. Methodology: In total, 273 samples obtained from HCV RNA positive patients undergoing hemodialysis at one of the seven centers in Kosovo were selected for this study: 171 subtype 1a samples, 91 subtype 4d samples, and 11 subtype 1b samples. A partial HCV NS5B region was amplified and sequenced. Subtype-specific phylogenetic analyses were performed with the inclusion of control sequences and transmission clusters were identified. Results: NS5B sequences were successfully obtained in 257/273 (94.1%) of samples; 162 subtype 1a, 84 subtype 4d, and 11 subtype 1b sequences. Phylogenetic analyses showed a high degree of phylogenetic clustering of HCV sequences subtyped 1a (99.4%), 1b (63.6%), and 4d (76.2%). Distinct phylogenetic clusters of sequences obtained from hemodialysis patients were observed for all three subtypes studied. In addition, several smaller clusters within the large clusters were identified, mainly from a single dialysis center. Conclusions: Phylogenetic analyses confirmed nosocomial transmission during dialysis as a major factor in the spread of HCV at the seven dialysis centers in Kosovo.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2007
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 1, No. 03 ( 2007-12-01), p. 337-341
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 1, No. 03 ( 2007-12-01), p. 337-341
    Abstract: Background: Abdominal surgical site infections (SSI) cause substantial morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing operative procedures. We determined the incidence of and risk factors for SSI after abdominal surgery in the Department of Abdominal Surgery at the University Clinical Centre of Kosovo (UCCK). Methodology: Prospective surveillance of patients undergoing abdominal surgery was performed between December 2005 and June 2006. CDC definitions were followed to detect SSI and study forms were based on Europe Link for Infection Control through Surveillance (HELICS) protocol. Results: A total of 253 surgical interventions in 225 patients were evaluated. The median age of patients was 42 years and 55.1% of them were male. The overall incidence rate of SSI was 12%. Follow-up was achieved for 84.1% of the procedures. For patients with an SSI, the median duration of hospitalization was 9 days compared with 4 days for those without an SSI (p2, use of antibiotic prophylaxis and NNIS class of 〉 2 were all significant at p 〈 .001. The SSI rates for the NNIS System risk classes 0, 1 and 2-3 were 4.2%, 46.7% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: SSI caused considerable morbidity among surgical patients in UCCK. Appropriate active surveillance and infection control measures should be introduced during preoperative, intra-operative, and postoperative care to reduce infection rates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680 , 2036-6590
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 3
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 14, No. 05 ( 2020-05-31), p. 433-437
    Abstract: We are living in times where a viral disease has brought normal life in much of the world to a halt. The novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China initially and in a short time crossed the European borders. After mitigating the epidemic in China, Italy became one of the most COVID-19 affected countries worldwide. International travelers are important sources of infectious diseases and a possible source of epidemic. Due to its political, geographic, and cultural similarities, Italy is one of the main economic partners of Southeast European (SEE) countries. Our data show that infection in index cases in all 11 SEE countries was travel-related with Italy being a source country for 8/11 countries. After the first case identifications on February 25, the number of cases in SEE countries is continually rising reaching the total number of 15,612 with 565 fatal cases and overall case fatality ratio (CFR) of 3.6 (median 3.8, range 0.8–5.5) by April 10, 2020. At a time when the COVID-19 pandemic is approaching its peak, apart from the problems with treatment of the disease and care for critically ill patients, there are other equally important problems, such as organization of outbreak response, provision of health care, lack of hospital personnel, disruption of personal protective equipment supply chains and health care workers (HCWs) protection. But what is more important is the heroic behavior of the HCWs who are showing their humanity by disregarding their lives.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 4
    In: Pharmacy Practice, JCFCorp SG PTE LTD, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2017-03-31), p. 827-827
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1885-642X , 1886-3655
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: JCFCorp SG PTE LTD
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2414565-8
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Federation of Infection Control ; 2009
    In:  International Journal of Infection Control Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2009-04-09)
    In: International Journal of Infection Control, International Federation of Infection Control, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2009-04-09)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1996-9783
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: International Federation of Infection Control
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ; 2016
    In:  The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries Vol. 10, No. 04 ( 2016-04-28), p. 418-422
    In: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, Vol. 10, No. 04 ( 2016-04-28), p. 418-422
    Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem worldwide, with the highest mortality occurring in developing countries. The burden of TB in Kosovo is among the highest in Europe. The aim of this study was to compare Cepheid GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and rifampin (RIF) resistance with conventional methods. Methodology: A cross-sectional design to evaluate diagnostic tests was carried out at the Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Public Health of Kosovo and Lung Clinic, from January to June 2014. The detection of MTBC and RIF resistance using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay was assessed in 116 specimens received from 110 patients suspected of having TB and compared with conventional smear microscopy and culture methods. Results: Fifty-eight patients (52.7%) were male, and the mean age was 48.6 ± 18.1 years. Twenty-nine patients (26.4%) had underlying lung diseases. Of the 116 specimens investigated, 28 (24.1%) were MTBC-positive by culture, while 34 (29.3%) were positive by Xpert assay. Two samples showed false-negative Xpert results. Compared with culture, the Xpert assay achieved 82.3% (95% CI: 65.5%–93.2%) sensitivity, and 97.6% (95% CI: 91.5%–99.7%) specificity. GeneXpert could detect 11.7% and 50% additional positive cases as compared to Lowenstein-Jensen culture and smear microscopy, respectively. Three cases with resistance to rifampin were detected from clinical isolates. Conclusions: The GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is a helpful tool for rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment of TB.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1972-2680
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2394024-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI ; 2015
    In:  Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2015-02-09), p. 174-175
    In: Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2015-02-09), p. 174-175
    Abstract: Ebola viral disease (EVD) is a severe and life-threatening disease. The current Ebola outbreak in West Africa entered its second year and is unprecedented because it is the largest one in history, involved urban centers and affected a large number of health care workers. It quickly escalated from medical into a humanitarian, social, economic, and security crisis. The primary pillars to prevent EVD are: early diagnosis, isolation of patients, contact tracing and monitoring, safe burials, infection prevention and control and social mobilization. The implementation of all these components was challenged in the field. Key lessons from this Ebola outbreak are that countries with weak health care systems can’t withstand the major outbreaks; preparedness to treat the first confirmed cases is a national emergency; all control measures must be coordinated together and community engagement is the great factor to combat this disease.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1857-9655
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3032255-8
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