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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Haptic input devices with intelligent signal processing ensuring process stability and quality management
    Chemnitz University of Technology ; 2020
    In:  Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS) Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-01-24), p. 9-16
    Details
    In: Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS), Chemnitz University of Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-01-24), p. 9-16
    Abstract: As part of the Cluster of Excellence Merge, a complete process chain was developed for the production of a hybrid laminate with sensory function for continuous production processes. An interior surface of the VW UP! is a good example of this. In this work, the forming processes of the centre console and the parameters influencing quality are discussed. An important parameter for the polarisation of the sensor layer is the thickness of the piezoceramic foil after forming. The maximum signal quality can only be achieved by an exact prediction of the thinning of the foil during the forming process. In addition, the electrical characterisation, especially the capacitance, of the sensor areas is used to determine the foil thickness within the sensor areas in the complex-shaped centre console. Furthermore, a practicable polarisation strategy is deducted in consideration of thickness, electrical characteristics of the piezoceramic foil and process parameters of forming process. For evaluation a novel impact localisation method based on machine learning is shown. Special focus is put on the independence of the impact intensity in order to guarantee a user-independent operation. In this respect, the suitability of various intensity-independent localisation methods will be discussed and subsequently empirically evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2512-4587
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21935/tls.v3i1.121
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Chemnitz University of Technology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2889893-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Continuous Manufacturing of Piezoceramic Hybrid Laminates for Functionalised Formed Structural Components
    Chemnitz University of Technology ; 2017
    In:  Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS) Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2017-04-11)
    Details
    In: Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS), Chemnitz University of Technology, Vol. 1, No. 1 ( 2017-04-11)
    Abstract: While in general manufacturing and functional integration are separated steps, in this article a continuous mass-production enabled procedure is discussed. The essential component of the manufactured laminate is a functionalised thermoplastic film that is combined with piezoceramic powder (lead zirconate titanate - PZT) and carbon nanotubes (CNT). The challenge is to achieve optimal electrical and electromechanical properties and a good processability while simultaneously preserving the high toughness of the composite and the required adhesive strength with the joined metal sheet. Determining the optimal joining and surface treatment parameters by identifying the interlaminar shear strength between the metal and plastic components allows for a continuous rolling production process with a subsequent roll forming process. Further investigations on the forming properties are concerned with the optimal placement of the sensors as well as the arrangement and shape of the electrodes. A neural network approach is evaluated to facilitate detection and localisation of external forces in order to use such functional hybrid laminates for new operating concepts in the interior of motor vehicles or for structural health monitoring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2512-4587
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21935/tls.v1i1.64
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Chemnitz University of Technology
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2889893-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In-Line Integration of Sensors in Thermoplastic Composite Structures Using Novel Continuous Orbital Winding Technology
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2017
    In:  Key Engineering Materials Vol. 742 ( 2017-7), p. 490-497
    Details
    In: Key Engineering Materials, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 742 ( 2017-7), p. 490-497
    Abstract: Currently there is a great demand for energy and resource efficient and also function integrating manufacturing processes. Therefore, suitable technologies and corresponding foundational researches are being pursued in the federal cluster of excellence “MERGE Technologies for Multifunctional Lightweight Structures” at the Technische Universität Chemnitz. A part of this project is the development of the continuous orbital winding (COW) technology including the goal of a large-scale process used for special fiber-reinforced thermoplastic semi-finished products. This method is an inverted winding process. The winding core needs to perform only the feed motion. Furthermore, this allows synchronization to upstream and downstream process chains.Due to the modular structure of the machine concept, it is possible to integrate a sensor system during production without interrupting the process. For this purpose, a textile carrier tape with integrated electrically conductive fibers and applied sensors is embedded. Various silicon sensors, e.g. acceleration, pressure or stress sensors are applied by micro-injection molding. A so-called “interposer” is used as an electrically adapter between the microstructures of the sensor system and the mesostructures of the textile.In this article, basic investigations for the continuous processing of semi-finished thermoplastic structures and the integration of sensors are presented. It is intended to determine the bonding properties, possible structural thickening by the sensors and the resistance of the sensor systems and its electronic components to the process conditions.In summary, investigations are carried out to determine the parameters of the machine system as well as to determine the optimum processing conditions for the application of additional elements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-9795
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.742
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.742.490
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073306-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technologies for the integration of miniaturised silicon sensor systems in fibre-reinforced composites
    Chemnitz University of Technology ; 2019
    In:  Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS) Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2019-01-09)
    Details
    In: Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS), Chemnitz University of Technology, Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2019-01-09)
    Abstract: Functional integration processes gain more and more importance in lightweight engineering. In this paper we discuss how to improve fibre-reinforced composites with structurally integrated condition monitoring systems, suitable for predicting failure behaviour. Especially commercially available and tested silicon sensors, but also new developments are well-suited for this intention. We present a smart semi-finished textile with integrated silicon sensors for in-situ conditions and process monitoring in fibre-reinforced composites. It consists of a textile substrate tape with integrated electrically conductive fibres and various silicon sensors, applied by micro-injection moulding. A so-called “interposer” is used as an electrical adapter between the microstructures of the sensor system and the mesostructures of the textile. The key technology used for the encapsulation and electrical contacting of the sensor nodes is a two-stage two-component micro injection moulding process, allowing for a cost efficient and application specific mass production. As proof of concept we chose the injection moulding process to investigate the influence of the fabrication process on all electronic components with a silicon stress measurement chip. We performed in-situ measurements of temperature and in-plane mechanical stress for different glass fibre contents of the PA6 melt and tool temperatures and compared the results with a finite element simulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2512-4587
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21935/tls.v1i2.82
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Chemnitz University of Technology
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2889893-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reflection based Strain Sensing using Metamaterials
    Chemnitz University of Technology ; 2020
    In:  Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS) Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-02-10), p. 25-33
    Details
    In: Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS), Chemnitz University of Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2020-02-10), p. 25-33
    Abstract: Resonator arrays of periodicially arranged electromagnetic sub-wavelength resonators show a strong frequency filter behaviour which can be controlled by the geometry, size and arrangement of the resonators. The use of several resonator arrays and their integration into a polymer matrix allows the realisation of metamaterials with a specific resonance behaviour. The resonance behaviour can be influenced by material and structural changes enabling a passive sensor function. The considered sensor approach based on metamaterials is investigated to enable structural health monitoring of lightweight structures. In the present case, a double-layer Jerusalem cross (JC) resonator array (RA) is integrated into a glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) to analyse the change of the resonance behaviour under load (strain) using a reflection measurement. The CST (Computer Simulation Technology) Microwave Studio was used to model the resonator array for operation in the microwave frequency range between 15 GHz and 35 GHz as well as for the numerical analysis of the resonance behaviour under load. The numerical results were validated by a tensile test using a tensile test machine (type TIRATEST 28100, Tira GmbH) and by a reflection measurement using two standard gain horn antennas (type Standard Gain Horn Series 862, ARRA Inc) and a vector network analyser (type ZVA50, Rohde & Schwarz). The reflection measurement shows a reflection minimum at 28.6 GHz which moves to higher frequencies under load of the GFRP laminate. With the shift of the minimum, the quality factor decreases and the dip widens. The investigation shows that it is possible to provide a GFRP laminate with a specific electromagnetic behaviour by integrating resonator arrays. It is also shown that the specific electromagnetic behaviour can be influenced by structural changes and thus opens up the possibility of monitoring the condition of lightweight structures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2512-4587
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21935/tls.v3i1.125
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Chemnitz University of Technology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2889893-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Polypropylene Based Piezo Ceramic Compounds for Micro Injection Molded Sensors
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2017
    In:  Key Engineering Materials Vol. 742 ( 2017-7), p. 807-814
    Details
    In: Key Engineering Materials, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 742 ( 2017-7), p. 807-814
    Abstract: Polymer matrix compounds based on piezo ceramic and electrically conducting particles within a thermoplastic matrix show distinctive piezoelectric and dielectric effects which can used for sensor applications. The electrical and mechanical properties can be adjusted in a wide range by varying the ratio of active filling particles and the matrix materials. The sensor effect of the compound is generated by the ceramic particles. A large ratio of piezo ceramic powder facilitates a high sensitivity. The electrical permittivity of the otherwise insulating matrix polymer can be adjusted by the amount of conductive filler. An aligned permittivity leads to a stronger electrical field in the ceramic particles. In contrast, too many conductive particles create a conductive network in the compound which short-circuits the sensors. The piezo ceramic compounds can be processed via micro injection molding for application as ceramic sensors. This offers a wide range of new sensor design variants, notably three-dimensional and highly complex geometries. However, there are two main demands for a highly sensitive sensor, which are conflicting. On the one hand the filler content of piezo ceramic particles in combination with electrical conductive carbon nanotubes must be very high, on the other hand the wall thickness should be as thin as possible. For filling cavities with a high aspect-ratio in an injection molding process, low viscosity polymer melts are necessary. These process characteristics conflict with the increasing viscosity by filling the melt with the particles. The sensor measuring area has to be designed as thin walled as possible. In order to overcome this obstacle a dynamically tempered mold design is applied to avoid solidification of the melt, before the mold is completely filled. The mold can be tempered by Peltier elements. The fully electric tempering is cleaner, more precise and more reliable than conventional water or oil tempering.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-9795
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.742
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.742.807
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2073306-9
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Realisation of Sensitive Functionality by the Integration of Electromagnetic Resonators in Composite Materials
    Chemnitz University of Technology ; 2018
    In:  Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS) Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2018-05-31)
    Details
    In: Technologies for Lightweight Structures (TLS), Chemnitz University of Technology, Vol. 1, No. 2 ( 2018-05-31)
    Abstract: Lightweight structures are gaining importance due to the relevance of saving energy in mobile applications. External stress caused by impacts, deformations or compression injures the composite materials mostly by invisible internal distortions and leads to the degradation of their properties. Thus, an early detection of material damage is significant in applications with a very high level of required reliability. Structural health monitoring (SHM) on demand using functionalised materials can be a solution [1, 2]. The integration of electromagnetic resonators in glass-fibre-reinforced plastics (GFRP) allows the fabrication of materials with passive sensor function used for SHM of composite materials. Conductive patterns with a specific geometry, dimension and alignment show an electromagnetic resonance that can be changed by the arrangement of the resonators or by the surrounded material. Printing technology is an efficient fabrication method regarding resources, time consumption and costs. The additive and selective deposition of conductive ink on flexible substrates shows a great potential to be processed roll-to-roll and subsequently integrated into lightweight structures [3] . The read-out takes place wirelessly by analysing the reflection response of the functionalised structure. The paper considers the modelling, numerical analysis, fabrication and evaluation of a smart structure and its sensor function. Furthermore, in order to create a basis for a successful market introduction and penetration of such innovative smart structures, a concept for an integrated life cycle-related engineering and business modelling [4] is outlined in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2512-4587
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21935/tls.v1i2.90
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Chemnitz University of Technology
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2889893-X
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Electrical Contact Properties of Micro-Injection Molded Polypropylene/CNT/CB-Composites on Metallic Electrodes
    Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. ; 2015
    In:  Advanced Materials Research Vol. 1103 ( 2015-5), p. 77-83
    Details
    In: Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Vol. 1103 ( 2015-5), p. 77-83
    Abstract: The investigations carried out under this work dealing with a new field of application for large-scale production of electric contacting processes for micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) using the micro-injection molding technology. The focus of this article is the analysis of process-related influential factors of micro-injection molding that determines both the electrical resistivity and the flowability of polymer nanocomposites filled with carbon nanotubes (CNT) and carbon black (CB). For that, the viscosity and the electrical conductivity as a function of different CNT-and CB-contents and their combination were investigated in a manufacturing study for Polypropylene. The results of the investigations answered questions regarding material science and technical processes. By this, optimal rheological properties for formation of micro injection molded conductive patterns with high aspect ratios on the one side and with the best possible conductivity of the nanocomposites on the other side can be set.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1103
    DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1103.77
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2265002-7
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