In:
Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 15 ( 2024-2-15)
Abstract:
In acute stroke, identifying early changes (parenchymal hypodensity) on non-contrast CT (NCCT) can be challenging. We aimed to identify whether the accuracy of clinicians in detecting acute hypodensity in ischaemic stroke patients on a non-contrast CT is improved with the use of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based, automated hypodensity detection algorithm (HDT) using MRI-DWI as the gold standard. Methods The study employed a case-crossover within-clinician design, where 32 clinicians were tasked with identifying hypodensity lesions on NCCT scans for five a priori selected patient cases, before and after viewing the AI-based HDT. The DICE similarity coefficient (DICE score) was the primary measure of accuracy. Statistical analysis compared DICE scores with and without AI-based HDT using mixed-effects linear regression, with individual NCCT scans and clinicians as nested random effects. Results The AI-based HDT had a mean DICE score of 0.62 for detecting hypodensity across all NCCT scans. Clinicians’ overall mean DICE score was 0.33 (SD 0.31) before AI-based HDT implementation and 0.40 (SD 0.27) after implementation. AI-based HDT use was associated with an increase of 0.07 (95% CI: 0.02–0.11, p = 0.003) in DICE score accounting for individual scan and clinician effects. For scans with small lesions, clinicians achieved a mean increase in DICE score of 0.08 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.13, p = 0.004) following AI-based HDT use. In a subgroup of 15 trainees, DICE score improved with AI-based HDT implementation [mean difference in DICE 0.09 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.14, p = 0.004)]. Discussion AI-based automated hypodensity detection has potential to enhance clinician accuracy of detecting hypodensity in acute stroke diagnosis, especially for smaller lesions, and notably for less experienced clinicians.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1664-2295
DOI:
10.3389/fneur.2024.1359775
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Publication Date:
2024
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2564214-5
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