In:
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 20, No. 10 ( 2020-08-20), p. 1241-1249
Abstract:
Rabdosia japonica has been historically used in China as a popular folk medicine for
the treatment of cancer, hepatitis, and gastricism. Glaucocalyxin A (GLA), an ent-kaurene diterpene isolated from Rabdosia japonica, is one of the main active ingredients showing potent inhibitory effects against several
types of tumor cells. To the best of our knowledge, studies regarding the structural modification and Structure- Activity Relations (SAR) of this compound have not yet been reported. Objective: The aim of this study was to discover more potent derivatives of GLA and investigate their SAR and
cytotoxicity mechanisms. Methods: Novel 7-O- and 14-O-derivatives of GLA were synthesized by condensation of acids or acyl chloride.
The anti-tumor activities of these derivatives against various human cancer cell lines were evaluated in vitro by MTT assays. Apoptosis assays of compound 17 (7,14-diacylation product) were performed on A549 and HL-60
cells by flow cytometry and TUNNEL. The acute toxicity of this compound was tested on mice, at the dose of 300mg per kg body weight. Results: Seventeen novel 7-O- and 14-O-derivatives of GLA (1-17) were synthesized. These compounds
showed potent cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines, and almost all of them were found to be more cytotoxic than GLA and oridonin. Of the synthesized derivatives, compound 17 presented the greatest cytotoxicity,
with IC50 values of 0.26μM and 1.10μM in HL-60 and CCRF-CEM cells, respectively. Furthermore, this compound induced weak apoptosis of A549 cells but showed great potential in stimulating the apoptosis of HL-
60 cells. Acute toxicity assays indicated that compound 17 is relatively safer. Conclusion: The results reported herein indicate that the synthesized GLA derivatives exhibited greater cytotoxicity
against leukemia cells than against other types of tumors. In particular, 7,14-diacylation product of GLA was found to be an effective anti-tumor agent. However, the cytotoxicity mechanism of this product in A549 cells is
expected to be different than that in other tumor cell lines. Further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1871-5206
DOI:
10.2174/1871520620666200302114550
Language:
English
Publisher:
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Publication Date:
2020
SSG:
15,3
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