In:
Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-10-8)
Abstract:
Objective: Rifaximin has been approved for use as a first-line therapy for secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). This article is to update existing evidence on efficacy and safety of rifaximin treatment and prevention for HE. Methods: We systematically searched multiple databases until January 31 2021. The studies compared rifaximin vs. placebo or other active drugs (i.e., nonabsorbable disaccharides, other antibiotics, L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA), and probiotics) for patients with overt HE (OHE), minimal HE (MHE), and recurrent HE. Results: Twenty-eight randomized controlled trials with a total of 2979 patients were included. Compared with the controls, rifaximin significantly reduced HE grade (OHE: RR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02–1.21), improved the cognitive impairments (MHE: RR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.12–2.93) and prevented the risk of HE recurrent episodes (RR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.18–1.49). No statistical difference was observed in mortality between rifaximin and their controls (RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.54–1.24). The incidence of total adverse events in rifaximin-treated groups was significantly lower than that in the controls during the treatment period (RR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54–0.98). In addition, rifaximin treatment was better than other active drugs in improving psychometric indicators (mental state, flapping tremor and portosystemic encephalopathy (PSE) index) and reducing the risk of rehospitalization in HE patients. Conclusion: Rifaximin therapy is effective and well-tolerated in different types of HE, which might be recommended as an alternative to conventional oral drugs in clinical settings.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1663-9812
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.696065
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.696065.s001
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.696065.s002
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.696065.s003
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.696065.s004
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.696065.s005
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2021.696065.s006
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2587355-6
SSG:
15,3
Permalink