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  • SAGE Publications  (16)
  • Pharmacy  (16)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Hydroxyectoine via MITF Inhibition by JNK, p38, and AKT Pathways in B16F10 Melanoma Cells
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 1934578X1985852-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 14, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 1934578X1985852-
    Abstract: Melanin plays a role in determining human skin color of a person, and a large amount of melanin makes the skin color look darkened. The proper amount of melanin formation protects our skin from UV radiation, but excessive melanin production causes hyperpigmentation and leads to freckles, melasma, and lentigo. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of hydroxyectoine on melanogenesis and its mechanism in B16F10 cells. Melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity were determined. The expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and the activities of tyrosinase and other melanogenesis-related enzymes, such as tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1) and tyrosinase-related protein 2, were also examined. Hydroxyectoine treatment significantly inhibited melanin production and intracellular tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis showed that hydroxyectoine also reduced the expressions of tyrosinase and TRP-1. In addition, hydroxyectoine significantly reduced the expression of MITF, a major regulator of melanin production, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and activated the protein kinase B. The results demonstrated that hydroxyectoine inhibits the expression of MITF through the inhibition or activation of melanin-related signaling pathways and downregulates melanogenesis by inhibiting melanogenic enzyme expression and tyrosinase activity. Hydroxyectoine has potential value in functional cosmetics applications, such as whitening.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X19858523
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Anti-melanogenesis Constituents from the Seaweed Dictyota Coriacea
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2013-04), p. 1934578X1300800-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8, No. 4 ( 2013-04), p. 1934578X1300800-
    Abstract: This study was conducted to identify the anti-melanogenesis constituents from a seaweed Dictyota coriacea (Holmes). Three known compounds, viz. 1,9-dihydroxycrenulide (1), epiloliolide (2) and D-mannitol (3), were isolated from the ethanol extract. The melanin synthesis inhibition activities were evaluated using B16F10 melanoma cells for the isolates. Compared with the positive control, arbutin, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited more potency, showing 27.8 and 22.6 % inhibition activities at a substrate concentration of 30 μg/mL. Our studies also indicate that these compounds are not cytotoxic. Hence, they might prove to be useful therapeutic agents for treating hyperpigmentation and effective components of whitening cosmetics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1300800401
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Phenolic Glycosides from Lindera obtusiloba and their Anti-allergic Inflammatory Activities
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2013-02), p. 1934578X1300800-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2013-02), p. 1934578X1300800-
    Abstract: Eight phenolic glycosides, tachioside (1), isotachioside (2), koaburaside (3), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-1- O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (4), 4,6-dihydroxy-2- methoxyphenyl-1- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), a mixture of erigeside C (6a) and salidroside (6b), and 6-hydroxyphenyl)-1- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) were isolated from the stems of Lindera obtusiloba Blume. The structures of the isolates were determined by 1 H-, 13 C-NMR, COSY, HMQC, and HMBC spectroscopy. To evaluate their anti-allergic inflammatory activities, the inhibitory effects of isolates (1-7) on histamine release and on the gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were examined using human mast cells; previous studies have reported that TNF-α and IL-6 release from mast cells is positively related to the severity of allergic symptoms. Of the tested compounds, koaburaside (3), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-1- O-ß-D- glucopyranoside (4), and (6-hydroxyphenyl)-1- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) suppressed histamine release from mast cells as compared with gallic acid (positive control). In particular, 6-hydroxyphenyl)-1- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7) attenuated the gene expressions of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in human mast cells. Our results support the notion that phenolic glycosides isolated from L. obtusiloba inhibit mast-cell-derived allergic inflammation, histamine, and proinflammatory cytokines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1300800212
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Immunostimulatory Activity of Black Rice Bran in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Rats
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 1934578X2093491-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 15, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 1934578X2093491-
    Abstract: Black rice bran extract (BRBE), containing various biologically active compounds, such as anthocyanin, has antioxidant activity and numerous pharmacological effects. Here, we aimed to confirm the immunostimulatory effects of BRBE in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppressed cells. Our results confirmed that BRBE exerted an immunostimulatory effect. In vitro, BRBE treatment enhanced cell proliferation, activity of natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and production of CP-repressed cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-12, and immunoglobulins G and A in isolated splenocytes. Additionally, in vivo, BRBE treatment increased the number of immune cells, such as white blood cells, lymphocyte counts, mid-range absolute counts, and neutrophils in CP-induced immunosuppressed rats. Furthermore, BRBE increased the serum levels of abovementioned inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulins in CP-induced immunosuppressed rats. In addition, BRBE protected against CP-mediated spleen and thymic tissue damage. Our findings suggest that BRBE could be potentially used as a component of functional food for immunity enhancement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X20934919
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A new Butenolide Derivative from the Brown Alga Sargassum micracanthum
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 1934578X2110686-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 1934578X2110686-
    Abstract: A new butenolide derivative (1), along with three known compounds (2-4) were isolated from the MeOH extract of brown alga Sargassum micracanthum. The structures of 1 to 4 were determined by the analyses of 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic data. The known compounds (2-4) were identified as (5 E,10 Z)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-5,10-dien-2,12-dione (2), (5 E,9 E)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-5,9-dien-2,12-dione (3), and (-)-loliolide (4) by comparing with their published spectroscopic data. The antioxidant activities of compounds 1 to 4 were evaluated based on using 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities. Compounds 1 to 4 were inactive at the concentration of 200 μM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X211068606
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Two New Meroterpenoid Derivatives From Sargassum macrocarpum With Their Anti-Oxidant Activities
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 18, No. 8 ( 2023-08)
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 18, No. 8 ( 2023-08)
    Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to search for novel secondary metabolites present in the marine brown alga, Sargassum macrocarpum C. Agardh. Methods: The methanolic extract of S. macrocarpum was partitioned and fractionated using a silica gel column, medium pressure liquid chromatography, and preparative-high performance liquid chromatography to obtain four compounds (1-4). These structures were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic and high resolution-electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy methods. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-oxidant activities using 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Result: Two undescribed meroterpenoid derivatives (1 and 2), together with two known racemic meroterpenoids (3 and 4) were isolated from the methanolic extract of S. macrocarpum. All compounds were confirmed to be meroterpenoid derivatives. All these compounds exhibited ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Conclusions: The four meroterpenoids (1-4) were isolated from S. macrocarpum. Compound 3 showed the most anti-oxidant effect with IC 50 values of 9.9 (ABTS radical) and 22.4 μM (DPPH radical), respectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X231191857
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Sargassumin C, a Novel Butenolide from Sargassum micracanthum
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 17, No. 11 ( 2022-11), p. 1934578X2211374-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 11 ( 2022-11), p. 1934578X2211374-
    Abstract: Objective: In our ongoing effort to search for the novel secondary metabolites from the marine algae, chemical investigation of a methanolic extract of Sargassum micracanthum led to the isolation of a novel butenolide (1) and a known compound (2). Methods: The methanolic extract of S. micracanthum was partitioned and subjected to medium pressure column chromatography and preparative-HPLC to yield two compounds (1 and 2). Their structures were established based on comprehensive spectroscopic data (1D NMR, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS). These compounds (1 and 2) were evaluated for the production of the NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1 β, TNF- α, and IL-10. Results: A new compound (1) was determined to be a new butenolide derivative, and a known compound (2) were identified as 2-hydroxy-(5 E,9 E)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-5,9-dien-12-one. Compounds 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activities in a dose-dependent manner on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: A new butenolide, sargassumin C (1), and 2-hydroxy-(5 E,9 E)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-5,9-dien-12-one (2) were isolated from the brown alga, S. micracanthum. Compound 2 was more effective than 1 on NO production and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221137411
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rescue Monotherapy in Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B e Antigen-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B: Adefovir versus Entecavir
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Antiviral Therapy Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2009-07), p. 705-712
    Details
    In: Antiviral Therapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 14, No. 5 ( 2009-07), p. 705-712
    Abstract: The efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) or entecavir (ETV) rescue monotherapy has not been directly compared in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)- positive patients with lamivudine (3TC)-resistant chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We compared the efficacy of ADV and ETV rescue monotherapy in HBeAg-positive patients with confirmed genotypic 3TC resistance. Methods A total of 160 HBeAg-positive patients with confirmed 3TC resistance underwent switch therapy (91 ADV and 59 ETV). Parameters assessed included alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, HBeAg serocon-version, undetectable serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA by PCR (lower detection limit 〈 300 copies/ml), virological breakthrough and initial virological response (IVR) at 3 (IVR-3) and 6 (IVR-6) months. Results Following 52 weeks of treatment in the ADV and ETV groups, serum HBV DNA became undetectable in 25 (27.5%) and 21 (35.6%; P=0.292) patients, ALT normalization occurred in 67/78 (85.9%) and 43/47 (91.5%; P=0.351), HBeAg seroconversion in 4 (4.4%) and 1 (1.7%; P=1.000), IVR-3 in 19 (20.9%) and 18 (30.5%), IVR-6 in 40 (44.0%) and 25 (42.4%) and virological breakthrough in 2 (2.2%) and 1 (1.7%; P=1.000) patients, respectively. Conclusions ADV and ETV revealed comparable efficacy after 52 weeks of treatment in HBeAg-positive patients with 3TC resistance. Undetectable HBV DNA in serum following 52 weeks of treatment was predictable with IVR-3 and IVR-6 in both groups.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-6535 , 2040-2058
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/135965350901400507
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2118396-X
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  • 9
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    Chemical Composition and Anti-inflammation Activity of Essential Oils from Citrus unshiu Flower
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2014-05), p. 1934578X1400900-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 9, No. 5 ( 2014-05), p. 1934578X1400900-
    Abstract: Though many essential oils from citrus peels are claimed to have several medicinal functions, the chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils of Citrus flowers have not been well described. Therefore, this study intended to investigate the chemical composition and anti-inflammatory potential of essential oils from C. unshiu flower (CEO) to support its purported beneficial health effects. The chemical constituents of the CEO, analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), included γ-terpinene (24.7%), 2-β-pinene (16.6%), 1-methyl-2-isopropylbenzene (11.5%), L-limonene (5.7%), β-ocimene (5.6%), and α-pinene (4.7%). The effects of the CEO on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages were also examined. The results indicate that the CEO is an effective inhibitor of LPS-induced NO and PGE 2 production in RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, CEO was shown to suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6. Based on these results, CEO may be considered a potential anti-inflammatory candidate with human health benefits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X1400900538
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Association of Argatroban Dose With Coagulation Laboratory Test in Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Activated Clotting Time vs Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Annals of Pharmacotherapy
    Details
    In: Annals of Pharmacotherapy, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Only some studies have directly compared and analyzed the roles of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and activated clotting time (ACT) in coagulation monitoring during argatroban administration. Objectives: This study aims to assess the correlation of argatroban dose with ACT and aPTT values and to identify the optimal coagulation test for argatroban dose adjustment. Methods: We evaluated 55 patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) who received argatroban for more than 72 hours. The correlation between argatroban dose and aPTT and ACT values was evaluated. To compare argatroban dose and bleeding events according to liver dysfunction, the patients were divided into 2 groups based on alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin. Results: Among the 55 patients, a total of 459 doses and coagulation tests were evaluated. The aPTT and ACT values showed a weak correlation with argatroban dose, with the Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.261 ( P 〈 0.001) and 0.194 ( P = 0.001), respectively. The agreement between the target 150 to 180 seconds for ACT and 55 to 75 seconds for aPTT was observed in 140 patients (46.1%). Twenty-four patients (43.6%) had liver dysfunction when they started argatroban. The median argatroban dose was lower in the liver dysfunction group than in the control group (0.094 mcg/kg/min vs 0.169 mcg/kg/min, P = 0.020). Difference was not observed between the 2 groups in the amount of red blood cell (0.47 vs 0.43 pack, P = 0.909) and platelet (0.60 vs 0.08 pack, P = 0.079) transfusion per day. Conclusion and Relevance: A weak correlation was observed between argatroban dose and the aPTT and ACT values. However, the agreement between aPTT and ACT was only 46.1% regarding the scope of target range. Further research is necessary to determine how to assess the optimal argatroban dose for patients administered argatroban while undergoing ECMO at the intensive care unit.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1060-0280 , 1542-6270
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/10600280231183510
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2053518-1
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