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  • Frontiers Media SA  (33)
  • Pharmacy  (33)
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  • Pharmacy  (33)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate in bronchoscopy for adults: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, positive-controlled clinical study
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-10-13)
    Abstract: Background: With the development of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of various pulmonary diseases, the anesthesia/sedation requirements are becoming more demanding, posing great challenges for patient safety while ensuring a smooth examination/surgery process. Remimazolam, a brand-new ultra-short-acting anesthetic, may compensate for the shortcomings of current anesthetic/sedation strategies in bronchoscopy. Methods: This study was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel positive controlled phase 3 clinical trial. Subjects were randomized to receive 0.2 mg/kg remimazolam besylate or 2 mg/kg propofol during bronchoscopy to evaluate the efficacy and safety of remimazolam. Results: A total of 154 subjects were successfully sedated in both the remimazolam group and the propofol group, with a success rate of 99.4% (95%CI of the adjusted difference −6.7 × 10%–6% to −5.1 × 10%–6%). The sedative effect of remimazolam was noninferior to that of propofol based on the prespecified noninferiority margin of −5%. Compared with the propofol group, the time of loss of consciousness in the remimazolam group (median 61 vs. 48s, p & lt; 0.001), the time from the end of study drug administration to complete awakening (median 17.60 vs. 12.80 min, p & lt; 0.001), the time from the end of bronchoscopy to complete awakening (median 11.00 vs. 7.00 min, p & lt; 0.001), the time from the end of study drug administration to removal of monitoring (median 19.50 vs. 14.50 min, p & lt; 0.001), and the time from the end of bronchoscopy to removal of monitoring (median 12.70 vs. 8.60 min, p & lt; 0.001) were slightly longer. The incidence of Adverse Events in the remimazolam group and the propofol group (74.8% vs. 77.4%, p = 0.59) was not statistically significant, and none of them had Serious Adverse Events. The incidence of hypotension (13.5% vs. 29.7%, p & lt; 0.001), hypotension requiring treatment (1.9% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.017), and injection pain (0.6% vs. 16.8%, p & lt; 0.001) were significantly lower in the remimazolam group than in the propofol group. Conclusion: Moderate sedation with 0.2 mg/kg remimazolam besylate is effective and safe during bronchoscopy. The incidence of hypotension and injection pain was less than with propofol, but the time to loss of consciousness and recovery were slightly longer. Clinical Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov , ChiCTR2000039753
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1005367
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    DataSheet1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 12 ( 2021-11-2)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-11-2)
    Abstract: Melatonin plays a critical role in the pathophysiological process including circadian rhythm, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. It can be synthesized in ocular tissues, and its receptors are also found in the eye, triggering more investigations concentrated on the role of melatonin in the eye. In the past decades, the protective and therapeutic potentials of melatonin for ocular diseases have been widely revealed in animal models. Herein, we construct a knowledge map of melatonin in treating ocular diseases through bibliometric analysis and review its current understanding and clinical evidence. The overall field could be divided into twelve topics through keywords co-occurrence analysis, in which the glaucoma, myopia, and retinal diseases were of greatest research interests according to the keywords burst detection. The existing clinical trials of melatonin in ocular diseases mainly focused on the glaucoma, and more research should be promoted, especially for various diseases and drug administration. We also discuss its bioavailability and further research topics including developing melatonin sensors for personalized medication, acting as stem cell therapy assistant drug, and consuming food-derived melatonin for facilitating its clinical transformation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.721869
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.721869.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
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  • 3
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    DataSheet1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 14 ( 2023-8-28)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-8-28)
    Abstract: Purpose: To conduct a real-world evaluation of the efficacy and safety of combined Chinese and Western medicine in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: A multicenter, prospective cohort study design was employed, enrolling 450 KOA patients (Kellgren-Lawrence score of 3 or less). The patients were divided into a Western medicine treatment group (WM group) and a combined Western and traditional Chinese medicine treatment group (WM-CM group). A 6-week treatment plan was administered, and follow-up visits occurred at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after initiating treatment. The primary outcome indicator was the total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score after 6 weeks of treatment. Secondary outcome indicators included WOMAC subscales for pain, stiffness, and joint function, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS), and clinical effectiveness. The incidence of drug-related adverse events was used as a safety evaluation indicator. Results: A total of 419 patients were included in the final analysis: 98 in the WM group and 321 in the WM-CM group. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were comparable, except for the incidence of stiffness symptoms and stiffness scores. After 6 weeks of treatment, the WM-CM group exhibited superior results to the WM group in improving the total WOMAC score (24.71 ± 1.38 vs. 16.36 ± 0.62, p & lt; 0.001). The WM-CM group also outperformed the WM group in WOMAC pain and joint function scores, VAS score, PCS score, MCS score, and clinical effectiveness ( p & lt; 0.05), which was consistent with the findings of the main evaluation index. Subgroup analysis indicated that the combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment showed more pronounced benefits in patients under 65 years of age and in those with a Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) classification of 0-I. Throughout the study, no adverse effects were observed in either group. Conclusion: The combination of Chinese and Western medicine demonstrated superiority over Western medicine alone in relieving knee pain symptoms, improving knee function, and enhancing the quality of life for KOA patients with a K-L score of 3 or less. Moreover, the treatment exhibited a good safety profile. Clinical Trial Registration: ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/ ), identifier (ChiCTR1900027175).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1176980
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1176980.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
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  • 4
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    Effect of Neurorepair for Motor Functional Recovery Enhanced by Total Saponins From Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. Treatment in a Rat Model of Focal Ischemia
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-10)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2021-12-10)
    Abstract: Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. (TTM), is a perennial herb from Liliaceae, that has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine treating cephalgia and traumatic hemorrhage. The present work was designed to investigate whether the total saponins from Trillium tschonoskii Maxim. (TSTT) would promote brain remodeling and improve gait impairment in the chronic phase of ischemic stroke. A focal ischemic model of male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was established by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Six hours later, rats were intragastrically treated with TSTT (120, 60, and 30 mg/kg) and once daily up to day 30. The gait changes were assessed by the CatWalk-automated gait analysis system. The brain tissues injuries, cerebral perfusion and changes of axonal microstructures were detected by multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed by histological examinations. The axonal regeneration related signaling pathways including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3)/collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP-2) were measured by western blotting. TSTT treatment significantly improved gait impairment of rats. MRI analysis revealed that TSTT alleviated tissues injuries, significantly improved cerebral blood flow (CBF), enhanced microstructural integrity of axon and myelin sheath in the ipsilesional sensorimotor cortex and internal capsule. In parallel to MRI findings, TSTT preserved myelinated axons and promoted oligodendrogenesis. Specifically, TSTT interventions markedly up-regulated expression of phosphorylated GSK-3, accompanied by increased expression of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT, but reduced phosphorylated CRMP-2 expression. Taken together, our results suggested that TSTT facilitated brain remodeling. This correlated with improving CBF, encouraging reorganization of axonal microstructure, promoting oligodendrogenesis and activating PI3K/AKT/GSK-3/CRMP-2 signaling, thereby improving poststroke gait impairments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.763181
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
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  • 5
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    Image3.TIF
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-26)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-26)
    Abstract: Ischemic stroke elicits white matter injury typically signed by axonal disintegration and demyelination; thus, the development of white matter reorganization is needed. 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is widely used to treat ischemic stroke. This study was aimed to investigate whether TMP could protect the white matter and promote axonal repair after cerebral ischemia. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and treated with TMP (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 14 days. The motor function related to gait was evaluated by the gait analysis system. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted to noninvasively identify gray-white matter structural integrity, axonal reorganization, and cerebral blood flow (CBF), followed by histological analysis. The expressions of axonal growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43), synaptophysin (SYN), axonal growth-inhibitory signals, and guidance factors were measured by Western blot. Our results showed TMP reduced infarct volume, relieved gray-white matter damage, promoted axonal remodeling, and restored CBF along the peri-infarct cortex, external capsule, and internal capsule. These MRI findings were confirmed by histopathological data. Moreover, motor function, especially gait impairment, was improved by TMP treatment. Notably, TMP upregulated GAP-43 and SYN and enhanced axonal guidance cues such as Netrin-1/DCC and Slit-2/Robo-1 but downregulated intrinsic growth-inhibitory signals NogoA/NgR/RhoA/ROCK-2. Taken together, our data indicated that TMP facilitated poststroke axonal remodeling and motor functional recovery. Moreover, our findings suggested that TMP restored local CBF, augmented guidance cues, and restrained intrinsic growth-inhibitory signals, all of which might improve the intracerebral microenvironment of ischemic areas and then benefit white matter remodeling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851746
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851746.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851746.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851746.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851746.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851746.s005
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
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  • 6
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    DataSheet1.docx
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2022
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-22)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-3-22)
    Abstract: Background: Healthcare professionals’ knowledge and attitudes towards adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and ADR reporting play a significant role in pharmacovigilance. This study aims to investigate the gap between knowledge and practice in ADR reporting among hospital pharmacists. Methods: This study is a multi-center, cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire survey. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed including knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards ADR reporting. From October to November 2021, questionnaires were filled out on the internet by hospital pharmacists from a central province of China. The data analysis used a one-way ANOVA to analyze the differences between the pharmacist’s characteristics and knowledge and attitude, respectively. The ordinal logistic regression method was used to analyze the predictors of practice. Results: A total of 1,026 valid questionnaires from 512 medical institutions were collected. It was found that 88.8% of participants have a clear understanding of the ADR definition, while 59.6% of them have misunderstandings about the reporting time of new and serious adverse reactions. Most pharmacists showed positive attitudes towards ADR reporting. Higher education background, higher professional title, attending training, and clinical pharmacist resulted in higher knowledge scores. Higher education background, shorter working years, attending training, and from non-tertiary hospital related to higher attitude scores. In terms of practice, age, hospital type, working years, training, and pharmacist type all have significant associations with practice scores. Pharmacists’ knowledge score and attitude score were significant predictors of practice score with OR being 1.19 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.33) and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.005, 1.07). Conclusion: Although most hospital pharmacists showed positive attitudes towards ADR reporting, their knowledge and practice were still insufficient. Hospital pharmacists’ knowledge and attitude are associated with their practice towards ADR reporting. The training had a significant impact on the pharmacist’s knowledge, attitude, and practice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.823944
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.823944.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
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  • 7
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    Sources, morphology, phytochemistry, pharmacology of Curcumae Longae Rhizoma, Curcumae Radix, and Curcumae Rhizoma: a review of the literature
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 14 ( 2023-8-31)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-8-31)
    Abstract: Curcumae Longae Rhizoma (turmeric), Curcumae Radix and Curcumae Rhizoma are derived from the Curcuma species, and have gradually become three of the most commonly used medicinal herbs in China due to their different origins, processing methods and medicinal part. These three herbs have certain similarities in morphology, chemical composition, and pharmacological effects. All three of these herbs contain curcuminoids and volatile oil compounds, which exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties, although modern clinical applications have their own requirements. At present, there is no systematic guidelines for the clinical application of these three of Curcuma species; consequently, there is a high risk of unwanted phenomena associated with the mixing and indiscriminate use of these herbs. In this review, we focus predominantly on morphology, chemical composition, and the pharmacological activity of these three Curcuma herbs and summarize the current status of research in this field. Our goal is to provide a better understanding of clinical value of these Curcuma species so that we can provide reference guidelines for their further development, utilization and rational clinical application.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1229963
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
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  • 8
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    The Biological Functions and Clinical Applications of Integrins in Cancers
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 11 ( 2020-9-11)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2020-9-11)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.579068
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
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  • 9
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    Image_6.tif
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2018
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 9 ( 2018-2-13)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2018-2-13)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00092
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00092.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00092.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00092.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00092.s004
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00092.s005
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00092.s006
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 10
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    image4.jpeg
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol. 11 ( 2021-3-25)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Pharmacology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2021-3-25)
    Abstract: Dual therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) plus lamivudine (3TC) has been demonstrated to be non-inferior to the triple drug regimen including LPV/r plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in 48-week studies. However, little is known about the long-term efficacy and drug resistance of this simplified strategy. A randomized, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial (ALTERLL) was conducted to assess the efficacy, drug resistance, and safety of dual therapy with LPV/r plus 3TC (DT group), compared with the first-line triple-therapy regimen containing tenofovir (TDF), 3TC plus efavirenz (EFV) (TT group) in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-1–infected adults in Guangdong, China. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA & lt; 50 copies/ml at week 144. Between March 1 and December 31, 2015, a total of 196 patients (from 274 patients screened) were included and randomly assigned to either the DT group (n = 99) or the TT group (n = 97). In the primary intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis at week 144, 95 patients (96%) in the DT group and 93 patients (95.9%) in the TT group achieved virological inhibition with plasma HIV-1 RNA & lt;50 copies/ml (difference: 0.1%; 95% CI, –4.6–4.7%), meeting the criteria for non-inferiority. The DT group did not show significant differences in the mean increase in CD4 + cell count (247.0 vs. 204.5 cells/mm 3 ; p = 0.074) or the CD4/CD8 ratio (0.47 vs. 0.49; p = 0.947) from baseline, or the inflammatory biomarker levels through week 144 compared with the TT group. For the subgroup analysis, baseline high viremia (HIV-1 RNA & gt; 100,000 copies/ml) and genotype BC did not affect the primary endpoint or the mean increase in CD4 + cell count or CD4/CD8 ratio from baseline at week 144. However, in patients with genotype AE, the DT group showed a higher mean increase in CD4 + cell count from baseline through 144 weeks than the TT group (308.7 vs. 209.4 cells/mm 3 ; p = 0.038). No secondary HIV resistance was observed in either group. Moreover, no severe adverse event (SAE) or death was observed in any group. Nonetheless, more patients in the TT group (6.1%) discontinued the assigned regimen than those in the DT group (1%) due to adverse events. Dual therapy with LPV/r plus 3TC manifests long-term non-inferior therapeutic efficacy, low drug resistance, good safety, and tolerability compared with the first-line triple-therapy regimen in Guangdong, China, indicating dual therapy is a viable alternative in resource-limited areas. Clinical Trial Registration: [ http://www.chictr.org.cn ], identifier [ChiCTR1900024611] .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1663-9812
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.569766
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.569766.s001
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.569766.s002
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.569766.s003
    DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.569766.s004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2587355-6
    SSG: 15,3
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