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  • Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.  (17)
  • Pharmacy  (17)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neuroprotective Mechanisms Mediated by CDK5 Inhibition
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2016
    In:  Current Pharmaceutical Design Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2016-01-26), p. 527-534
    Details
    In: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 22, No. 5 ( 2016-01-26), p. 527-534
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1381-6128
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666151124235028
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1304236-1
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Europinidin Attenuates Methamphetamine-induced Learning and Memory Impairments and Hippocampal Alterations in Rodents: Based on Molecular Docking through a Mechanism of Neuromodulatory Cytokines/ Caspases-3/ CREB/BDNF Pathway
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2024
    In:  Current Medicinal Chemistry Vol. 31 ( 2024-06-27)
    Details
    In: Current Medicinal Chemistry, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 31 ( 2024-06-27)
    Abstract: Methamphetamine (MA) is well recognized as a psychostimulant that can cause neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration, which is associated with cognitive decline, has been confirmed experimentally. Objective: The research aimed to investigate the neuroprotective properties of europinidin (Eu) in rodents affected by methamphetamine (MA)-induced cognitive impairments and hippocampal alterations. This was achieved by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory markers. Methods: Rats were exposed to cognitive impairment produced by MA. The Morris water maze (MWM) is utilized for evaluating behavioral parameters. Tests were conducted on malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), interleukins-1β (IL-1β), reduced glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the expression of neurotransmitters (Norepinephrine [NE], dopamine [DA] , glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA] ) as well as cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), IL-6, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and caspase 3 proteins. An investigation was carried out using docking methodology to ascertain whether Eu interacts with relevant molecular targets. Results: Significant decline in the transfer latency and there were significant changes in the amount of SOD, GSH, CAT, and MDA and alterations in levels of IL-6, IL-1β, CREB, TNF-α, BDNF, and Caspase 3 proteins expression, as well as considerably alterations in level of neurotransmitters (NE, DA, Glutamate, and GABA) were observed in the Eu-treated rats compared to the MA-induced rats. Eu had a favorable affinity towards BDNF with docking scores of -9.486 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The experiment found that administering Eu to rats improved cognitive abilities by changing antioxidant enzymes, reducing cytokines, and modifying neurotransmitter levels, compared to rats in the control group treated with MA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0929-8673
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/0109298673307759240614114201
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1319315-6
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  • 3
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    Multiple Risk Factors: A Challenge in the Management of Autism
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2020
    In:  Current Pharmaceutical Design Vol. 26, No. 7 ( 2020-03-25), p. 743-754
    Details
    In: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 26, No. 7 ( 2020-03-25), p. 743-754
    Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an emerging health problem involving 1 out of every 68 children. The incidence rate of autism has increased 3 folds during the last 3 decades. Due to the illusive picture of aetiology, a considerable number of autistic children fail to receive proper behavioural and medicational treatment. The present study provides a cumulative account of autism risk factors. Several factors including the gene expression and gene mutations, environmental pollution, metal ion accumulation, exposure to pesticides, immune deficiencies, viral infections, mother’s age, health, mental status, mother’s interactions with the foetus, vaccination of mother and children, and modulations in gut microbiota have been debated. These risk factors may contribute to the development of autism either independently or synergistically leading to a broad spectrum of characteristics observed in autistic patients. The variable quantitative influence of a wide spectrum of risk factors may result in a unique set of features in each autistic individual. However, the exact mechanism behind the combined impact of various aetiological factors is poorly understood hindering the adaptation of specified and effective therapies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1381-6128
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200226101218
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1304236-1
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  • 4
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    The Computational Intervention of Macrolide Antibiotics in the Treatment of COVID-19
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2021
    In:  Current Pharmaceutical Design Vol. 27, No. 9 ( 2021-03), p. 1202-1210
    Details
    In: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 27, No. 9 ( 2021-03), p. 1202-1210
    Abstract: The spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) and human Angiotensin- converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), are both considered the key factors for the initiation of virus infection. The present work is an effort for computational target to block the spike proteins (S) and ACE2 receptor proteins with Macrolide antibiotics like Azithromycin, (AZM), Clarithromycin (CLAM) and Erythromycin (ERY) along with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Methods: Three-dimensional structure of the SARS-CoV-2RdRp was built by the SWISS-MODEL server, the generated structure showed 96.35% identity to the available structure of SARS-Coronavirus NSP12 (6NUR), for model validity, we utilized the SWISS-model server quality parameters and Ramachandran plots. Results: These compounds were able to block the residues (Arg553, Arg555, and Ala558) surrounding the deep grove catalytic site (Val557) of RdRp and thus plays an important role in tight blocking of enzyme active site. Reference drug Remdesivir was used to compare the docking score of antibiotics with RdRp. Docking value exhibited good binding energy (-7.7 up to -8.2 kcal/mol) with RdRp, indicating their potential as a potent RdRp inhibitor. Interaction of CLAM and ERY presented low binding energy (-6.8 and -6.6) with the ACE2 receptor. At the same time, CLAM exhibited a good binding affinity of -6.4 kcal/mol, making it an excellent tool to block the attachment of spike protein to ACE2 receptors. Macrolides not only affected the attachment to ACE2 but also blocked the spike proteins further, consequently inhibiting the internalization in the host cell. Three Alkyl bonds between Arg555, Ala558, and Met542 by CLAM and two Alkyl bonds of Arg624 and Lys621 by ERY plays an important role for RdRp inactivation, that can prevent the rise of newly budded progeny virus. These macrolides interacted with the main protease protein in the pocket responsible for the dimerization and catalytic function of this protein. The interaction occurred with residue Glu166, along with the catalytic residues (Tyr343, and His235) of Endoribonuclease (NSP15) protein. Conclusion: The present study gives three-way options either by blocking S proteins or ACE2 receptor proteins or inhibiting RdRp to counter any effect of COVID-19 by macrolide and could be useful in the treatment of COVID-19 till some better option available.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1381-6128
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210125121954
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1304236-1
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  • 5
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    Zamzam Water Mitigates Cardiac Toxicity Risk through Modulation of GUT Microbiota and the Renin-angiotensin System
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2024
    In:  Current Pharmaceutical Design Vol. 30, No. 14 ( 2024-04), p. 1115-1127
    Details
    In: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 30, No. 14 ( 2024-04), p. 1115-1127
    Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to exert a substantial global influence in specific areas due to population growth, aging, microbiota, and genetic/environmental factors. Drinking water has a strong impact on the health of an individual. Further, emerging evidence has highlighted the therapeutic potential and benefits of Zamzam water (Zam). Objective: We investigated the influence of Zam on doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity, elucidating its consequential effects on GUT microbiota dysbiosis and hepatic and renal functions. Methods: Male rats were categorized into four groups: Group 1 as Normal control (NC), Group 2 as Zamzam control (ZC), Group 3 Disease control (DC) and Group 4 as Therapeutic control (DZ) treated with Zam against doxorubicin-induced disease at a dose of 1mg/kg boy weight) intraperitoneally (i.p). Results: Significant dysbiosis in the composition of GM was observed in the DC group along with a significant decrease (p 〈 0.05) in serum levels of Zinc, interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-6 and Angiotensin II (Ang II), while C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and CKMB increased significantly (restoration of Zinc ions (0.72 ± 0.07 mcg/mL) compared to NC. Treatment with Zamzam exhibited a marked abundance of 18-times to 72% in Romboutsia, a genus of firmicutes, along with lowering of Proteobacteria in DZ followed by significant restoration of Zinc ions (0.72 ± 0.07 mcg/mL), significant (p ˂ 0.05) reduction in CRP (7.22 ± 0.39 mg/dL), CKMB (118.8 ± 1.02 U/L) and Fibrinogen (3.18 ± 0.16 mg/dL), significant (p 〈 0.05) increase in IL-10 (7.22 ± 0.84 pg/mL) and IL-6 (7.18 ± 0.40 pg/ml), restoration of Ang II (18.62 ± 0.50 nmol/mL/min), marked increase in renin with normal myocyte architecture and tissue orientation of kidney, and restoration of histological architecture of hepatocyte. Conclusion: Zam treatment mitigated cardiac toxicity risk through the modulation of GUT microbiota and the renin-angiotensin system and tissue histology effectively.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1381-6128
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/0113816128302001240321044409
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1304236-1
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  • 6
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    Epigenetics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via Natural Compounds
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2022
    In:  Current Medicinal Chemistry Vol. 29, No. 8 ( 2022-03), p. 1436-1458
    Details
    In: Current Medicinal Chemistry, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 29, No. 8 ( 2022-03), p. 1436-1458
    Abstract: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly resistant, lethal, and metastatic sub-division of breast carcinoma, characterized by the deficiency of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). In women, TNBC shows a higher aggressive behavior with poor patient prognosis and a higher recurrence rate during reproductive age. TNBC is defined by the presence of epithelial- to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), which shows a significant role in cancer progression. At the epigenetic level, TNBC is characterized by epigenetic signatures, such as DNA methylation, histone remodeling, and a host of miRNA, MiR-193, LncRNA, HIF- 2α, eEF2K, LIN9/NEK2, IMP3, LISCH7/TGF-β1, GD3s, KLK12, mediated regulation. These modifications either are silenced or activate the necessary genes that are prevalent in TNBC. The review is based on epigenetic mediated mechanistic changes in TNBC. Furthermore, Thymoquinone (TQ), Regorafenib, Fangjihuangqi decoction, Saikosaponin A, and Huaier, etc., are potent antitumor natural compounds extensively reported in the literature. Further, the review emphasizes the role of these natural compounds in TNBC and their possible epigenetic targets, which can be utilized as a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of TNBC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0929-8673
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210707165530
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1319315-6
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  • 7
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    Therapeutic Applications of Liposomal Based Drug Delivery and Drug Targeting for Immune Linked Inflammatory Maladies: A Contemporary View Point
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2017
    In:  Current Drug Targets Vol. 18, No. 13 ( 2017-09-14)
    Details
    In: Current Drug Targets, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 18, No. 13 ( 2017-09-14)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1389-4501
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1389450118666170414113926
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2064859-5
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  • 8
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    Potential of Gold Candidates against Human Colon Cancer
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2021
    In:  Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2021-01-29), p. 69-78
    Details
    In: Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2021-01-29), p. 69-78
    Abstract: Development of novel metallodrugs with pharmacological profile plays a significant role in modern medicinal chemistry and drug design. Metal complexes have shown remarkable clinical results in current cancer therapy. Gold complexes have attained attention due to their high antiproliferative potential. Gold-based drugs are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Gold-containing compounds with selective and specific targets are capable to assuage the symptoms of a range of human diseases. Gold (I) species with labile ligands (such as Cl in TEPAuCl) interact with isolated DNA; therefore, this biomolecule has been considered as a target for gold drugs. Gold (I) has a high affinity towards sulfur and selenium. Due to this, gold (I) drugs readily interact with cysteine or selenocysteine residue of the enzyme to form protein-gold(I) thiolate or protein-gold (I) selenolate complexes that lead to inhibition of the enzyme activity. Au(III) compounds due to their square-planner geometriesthe same as found in cisplatin, represent a good source for the development of anti-tumor agents. This article aims to review the most important applications of gold products in the treatment of human colon cancer and to analyze the complex interplay between gold and the human body.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1389-5575
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200807130721
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2104081-3
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  • 9
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    Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Euphorbia wallichii Extract and Assessment of their Bio-functionalities
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2020
    In:  Medicinal Chemistry Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2020-05-20), p. 495-506
    Details
    In: Medicinal Chemistry, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 16, No. 4 ( 2020-05-20), p. 495-506
    Abstract: Silver nanoparticles synthesized by the bio-green method have been applied to various biomedical applications. These procedures are simple, eco-friendly and serve as an alternative to complex chemical methods for the preparation of nanomaterials. Objective: : In the present study, phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, to examine their antioxidant potential, toxic effects towards bacterial-, fungal-strains, brine shrimp nauplii and cancer cells was focused. Methods: Methanolic extract of Euphorbia wallichii roots was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The synthesis was monitored and confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrometric analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD). Results: The synthesized particles were average 63±8 nm in size. Involvement of phenolic (46.7±2.4 µg GAE/mg) and flavonoid (11.7±1.2 µg QE/mg) compounds as capping agents was also measured. Nanoparticles showed antioxidant properties in terms of free radical scavenging potential (59.63±1.0 %), reducing power (44.52±1.34 µg AAE/mg) and total antioxidant capacity (60.48±2.2 µg AAE/mg). The nanoparticles showed potent cytotoxic effects against brine shrimp nauplii (LD50 66.83 µg/ml), proliferation and cell death of HeLa cells as determined by MTT (LD50 0.3923 µg/ml) and TUNEL assays, respectively. Antimicrobial results revealed that silver nanoparticles were found to be more potent against pathogenic fungal (maximum active against A. fumigatus, MIC 15 µg/disc) and bacterial strains (maximum active against S. aureus, MIC 3.33 μg/disc) than the E. wallichii extract alone. Conclusion: These results support the advantages of using an eco-friendly and cost-effective method for synthesis of nanoparticles with antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1573-4064
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666191111143213
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2192126-X
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  • 10
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    Anaesthesia-induced Changes in Genomic Expression Leading to Neurodegeneration
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2024
    In:  CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2024-04), p. 411-419
    Details
    In: CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2024-04), p. 411-419
    Abstract: General anaesthetics (GA) have been in continuous clinical use for more than 170 years, with millions of young and elderly populations exposed to GA to relieve perioperative discomfort and carry out invasive examinations. Preclinical studies have shown that neonatal rodents with acute and chronic exposure to GA suffer from memory and learning deficits, likely due to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, which has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the mechanisms behind anaesthesia-induced alterations in late postnatal mice have yet to be established. In this narrative review, we present the current state of knowledge on early life anaesthesia exposure-mediated alterations of genetic expression, focusing on insights gathered on propofol, ketamine, and isoflurane, as well as the relationship between network effects and subsequent biochemical changes that lead to long-term neurocognitive abnormalities. Our review provides strong evidence and a clear picture of anaesthetic agents' pathological events and associated transcriptional changes, which will provide new insights for researchers to elucidate the core ideas and gain an in-depth understanding of molecular and genetic mechanisms. These findings are also helpful in generating more evidence for understanding the exacerbated neuropathology, impaired cognition, and LTP due to acute and chronic exposure to anaesthetics, which will be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of many diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Given the many procedures in medical practice that require continuous or multiple exposures to anaesthetics, our review will provide great insight into the possible adverse impact of these substances on the human brain and cognition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1871-5273
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230508123558
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2228394-8
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