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  • Mobility and traffic research  (19)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research on Differential Pricing and Train Operation Decisions for Railway Cargo Transportation Under Competitive Conditions
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2677, No. 1 ( 2023-01), p. 860-874
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2677, No. 1 ( 2023-01), p. 860-874
    Abstract: Railway freight operations aim not only to market themselves aggressively to capture the market in a competitive environment but also to achieve refined management. The operational decisions chosen by carriers can have a significant impact on the revenue across freight services. Nowadays, various forms of transported products, train make-up, and schedules are developed from the perspective of production convenience, with less consideration of shippers’ needs for the time utility, frequency, and tariffs of transportation services. This paper investigates a joint optimization approach to railroad operation planning that combines meeting the transport demand preferences of different shippers in a competitive environment. Considering the heterogeneity of shippers’ transportation demands and the competitive environment with freight trucking, a new bi-level programming model is proposed that incorporates pricing decisions and operational planning policies, such as car blocking, train routing, and make-up. An exact solution for this model is developed by adding valid inequalities to the mixed-integer formula and the experiment is conducted with data from bulk coal cargo transportation of the S Railway Bureau Group Corp. A simple transportation network is presented, and the calculation results of the pricing decisions that maximize the profit in each operation decision in this network are reported.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981221102147
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 2
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    Model of Integrated Corridor Traffic Optimization
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2311, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 108-116
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2311, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 108-116
    Abstract: An integrated corridor control system is proposed to manage traffic dynamically between the mainline freeway and the diversion route in real time. The system's objective is to alleviate the total corridor delay attributable to nonrecurrent or recurrent congestion on the freeway. An optimization-based model, the integrated corridor traffic optimization model (ICTOM), was established to minimize total traffic delay, including delays on the freeway, signal control delays on the diversion route, and delays attributable to travel time differences between two routes. The model determines diversion volumes from the freeway to an arterial corridor and signal-timing plans on the diversion route. ICTOM features a nonlinear objective function and linear constraints. Three algorithms were evaluated in seeking a solution for ICTOM: genetic algorithm, pattern search, and sequential quadratic programming. The sequential quadratic programming algorithm was selected because of its effectiveness and efficiency in the case study. Evaluation based on the CORSIM simulation showed that in real time, ICTOM realized total average reductions in corridor delay of 8.77%, 9.92%, and 13.16% under heavy-, moderate-, and light-traffic conditions, respectively, compared with the benchmark in which the timing plans for traffic signals were optimized by TRANSYT 7F offline.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2311-10
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 3
    Online Resource
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    Research on Traffic Assignment Model and Algorithm Based on Cumulative Prospect Theory under Uncertain Factors
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2675, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. 116-134
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2675, No. 4 ( 2021-04), p. 116-134
    Abstract: Current traffic assignment theories and methods are studied. To address the limitations of existing models and algorithms in solving the traffic assignment problems under uncertain supply and demand, a traffic assignment model based on the cumulative prospect theory is proposed. Firstly, the problem of uncertain supply and demand of the traffic network is described, and an improved traffic impedance function of road sections is proposed. Then, the reference point of generalized cost and the reference point of the dynamic section risk are set up, and the comprehensive cumulative prospect value function considering the preference coefficient of the reference point is given. A traffic assignment model based on the cumulative prospect theory is constructed, and an isolation niche genetic simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the model. Finally, with the highway traffic network in the Sichuan-Tibet region as an example, the process of network traffic equilibrium based on the cumulative prospect theory under the fixed and changing network structure is studied respectively, and parameter sensitivity and algorithm comparison are analyzed. The results show that the proposed traffic assignment model based on the cumulative prospect theory provides a good idea for solving the traffic assignment problem under uncertain supply and demand, and is of theoretical significance and application value.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198120972700
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
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    Macrolevel Classification Yard Capacity Modeling
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2608, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 125-133
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2608, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 125-133
    Abstract: Classification yards play a significant role in railroad freight transportation and are often considered bottlenecks for railroad networks. Based on a generic yard simulation model, the model in the presented study fits the Bureau of Public Roads function, which is widely used in highway capacity to represent the volume–dwell time relationship. The proposed analytical model incorporates major features of rail yards, such as the number and capacity of tracks in each area, the number of engines and humps, the humping speed, and the assemble rate. The model is validated by historical data from 16 classification yards of Class I railroads in the United States. The results show that the proposed model can generate precise capacity data of rail yard, as well as the dwell time of rail cars in yards. The dwell time increases sharply when the volume is greater than the capacity of a rail yard. The identified relationship may help a railroad analyze its network at the macro level and therefore improve the systemwide capacity and efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2608-14
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 5
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    Understanding Flex-Route Transit Adoption from a Stage of Change Perspective
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2677, No. 6 ( 2023-06), p. 743-758
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2677, No. 6 ( 2023-06), p. 743-758
    Abstract: Given the potential benefits of flex-route transit for the environment and traffic congestion, many cities have goals for diffusing flex-route transit. However, previous studies have focused on practical experience, strategic planning, and operational planning of flex-route transit. Few studies have identified the determinants of flex-route transit adoption. This study aims to address the effect of demographic characteristics and psychological factors on flex-route transit adoption by employing a stage of change framework. First, the transtheoretical model is applied to divide respondents into five ordered stages (i.e., Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance). Second, a survey was conducted in Beijing, China, using an online platform to obtain the demographic characteristics and measurement items of the respondents in the five ordered stages. Then, a structural equation model is applied to quantify psychological factors. In addition, the partial proportional odds (PPO) model is employed to estimate the best model and identify the determinants of flex-route transit adoption. Finally, an elasticity analysis is conducted to uncover the effect of determinants on flex-route transit adoption in the five ordered stages. The results suggest that the PPO model has the best fit and validity. The model reveals the significant implications of psychological factors and demographic characteristics for transport policy in various stages. These findings show that, regardless of the initial stage, interventions concentrating on psychological factors and demographic characteristics appear to have the potential to transfer the stage of individuals from one to another. To make policies as effective as possible for promoting flex-route transit adoption, the targeted interventions should be complemented in the specific stage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981221150244
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
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    Location-Based Social Networking Data : Exploration into Use of Doubly Constrained Gravity Model for Origin–Destination Estimation
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2430, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 72-82
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2430, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 72-82
    Abstract: Trip distribution is an invaluable portion of the transportation planning process; this distribution leads to the creation of origin–destination (O-D) matrices. Location-based social networking (LBSN) has increased in popularity and sophistication and has emerged as a new travel demand data source. Users of LBSN provide location-sensitive data interactively with mobile devices, including smartphones and tablets. These data can provide O-D estimates with significantly higher temporal resolution at a much lower cost in comparison with traditional methods. An LBSN O-D estimation model based on the doubly constrained gravity model was proposed to improve a previously proposed model based on the singly constrained gravity model. The proposed methodology was calibrated and comparatively evaluated against the O-D matrix generated by the method based on the singly constrained gravity model as well as a reference matrix from the local metropolitan planning organization. The results of this method illustrate significant improvement in reducing the O-D estimation errors caused by the sampling bias from the method based on the singly constrained gravity model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2430-08
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 7
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    Vehicle Detection and Tracking for 511 Traffic Cameras With U-Shaped Dual Attention Inception Neural Networks and Spatial-Temporal Map
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2676, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 613-629
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2676, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 613-629
    Abstract: This paper develops vehicle detection and tracking method for 511 camera networks based on the spatial-temporal map (STMap) as an add-on toolbox for the traveler information system platform. The U-shaped dual attention inception (DAIU) deep-learning model was designed, given the similarities between the STMap vehicle detection task and the medical image segmentation task. The inception backbone takes full advantage of diverse sizes of filters and the flexible residual learning design. The channel attention module augmented the feature extraction for the bottom layer of the UNet. The modified gated attention scheme replaced the skip connection of the original UNet to reduce irrelevant features learned from earlier encoder layers. The designed model was tested on NJ511 traffic cameras for different scenarios covering rainy, snowy, low illumination, and signalized intersections from a key, strategic arterial in New Jersey. The DAIU Net has shown better performance than other mainstream neural networks based on segmentation model evaluation metrics. The proposed scanline vehicle detection was also compared with the state-of-the-art solution for infrastructure-based traffic movement counting solution and demonstrates superior capability. The code for the proposed DAIU model and reference models has been made public with the labeled STMap data to facilitate future research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981211068365
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
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    Roadside LiDAR Sensor Configuration Assessment and Optimization Methods for Vehicle Detection and Tracking in Connected and Automated Vehicle Applications
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: This paper develops an assessment and optimization model for configuring roadside LiDAR (Line Detection and Ranging) installation. More specifically, an analytic and a simulation model have been developed to analyze the detection blind zones and their impact on vehicle detection and tracking capabilities in Connected and Automated Vehicle (CAV) applications. The proposed model can derive the area and height of the detection blind zones from a given roadside LiDAR location and road geometry. Evaluation metrics are also proposed to assess the severity of the blind zone including laser beam density, blind zone height and duration, vehicle trajectory missing rate and duration. The simulation model can be used to evaluate and identify optimal configurations for different installation scenarios. To validate the proposed model, the 15-min US101 NGSIM (Next Generation SIMulation) dataset was used for validating the proposed model. Different configuration settings were simulated and compared. The evaluation results demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed models in planning for optimal roadside LiDAR sensor installation for vehicle detection and tracking.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981231172949
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 9
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    Nonequilibrium Continuum Traffic Flow Model with Frozen Sound Wave Speed
    SAGE Publications ; 2003
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 1852, No. 1 ( 2003-01), p. 183-192
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 1852, No. 1 ( 2003-01), p. 183-192
    Abstract: Results are presented from a recent study on a variation of a new non-equilibrium continuum traffic flow model in which traffic sound speed is constant. Hence this model is called the frozen-wave model. This model resembles the Payne–Whitham model but avoids the “back-traveling” of the latter. For this frozen-wave model, the Riemann problem is analyzed for its homogeneous system, two numerical solution methods are developed to solve it, and numerical simulations are carried out under both stable and unstable traffic conditions. These results show that under stable conditions, the model behaves similarly to the Payne–Whitham model. However, under unstable traffic conditions, it has nonphysical solutions or no solutions when a vacuum problem occurs. This study, on the one hand, provides a more complete picture of the properties of this frozen-wave model and reduces the risk of improper applications of it. On the other hand, it also highlights the need to adopt a density-dependent sound speed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/1852-23
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2003
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  • 10
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    Kinematic Wave Traffic Flow Model for Mixed Traffic
    SAGE Publications ; 2002
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 1802, No. 1 ( 2002-01), p. 197-204
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 1802, No. 1 ( 2002-01), p. 197-204
    Abstract: The Lighthill-Whitham-Richards kinematic wave traffic flow model was extended to describe traffic with different types of vehicles, in which all types of vehicles are completely mixed and travel at the same group velocity. A study of such a model with two vehicle classes (e.g., passenger cars and trucks) showed that when both classes of traffic have identical freeflow speeds, the model (a) satisfies the first-in-first-out rule, (b) is anisotropic, and (c) has the usual shock and expansion waves and a family of contact waves. Different compositions of vehicle classes in this model propagate along contact waves. Such models can be used to study traffic evolution on long crowded highways where low-performance vehicles entrap high-performance ones.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/1802-22
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2002
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