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  • Mobility and traffic research  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reducing Carbon Emissions with Multitrip Vehicle Mode
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2467, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 149-156
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2467, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 149-156
    Abstract: This study was based on the global demand for low-carbon development. The multitrip vehicle mode is a promising approach to reduce carbon emissions in the vehicle routing problem (VRP). It was hypothesized that emission reductions might be achieved by replacing the single-trip vehicle mode with a multitrip mode. To evaluate the carbon emissions reduction potential of the multitrip mode accurately over the single-trip mode, the set-partitioning formulation was used to obtain the optimal single-trip solution VRP with the minimal carbon emissions and to construct a trip-chain-oriented set-partitioning formulation to obtain the optimal multitrip solution VRP with minimal carbon emissions. The two set-partitioning formulations could be exactly solved by CPLEX. Through a comparison of the single-trip and multitrip carbon emissions for picking up and delivering customers to an airport service, which was a special case of the VRP, it can be concluded that the multitrip mode could reduce carbon emissions by approximately 16%. To identify the situations under which carbon emissions could be efficiently reduced by replacing the single-trip mode with the multitrip mode, the influence factors were analyzed. On the basis of experimental results, a summary is provided of several managerial insights that can be used to reduce carbon emissions successfully by implementing the multitrip mode.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2467-16
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Novel Hybrid Neural Network for Dense Depth Estimation using On-Board Monocular Images
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2674, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 312-323
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2674, No. 12 ( 2020-12), p. 312-323
    Abstract: Depth information from still 2D images plays an important role in automated driving, driving safety, and robotics. Monocular depth estimation is considered as an ill-posed and inherently ambiguous problem in general, and a tight issue is how to obtain global information efficiently since pure convolutional neural networks (CNNs) merely extract the local information. To end that, some previous works utilized conditional random fields (CRFs) to obtain the global information, but it is notoriously difficult to optimize. In this paper, a novel hybrid neural network is proposed to solve that, and concurrently a dense depth map is predicted from the monocular still image. Specifically: first, the deep residual network is utilized to obtain multi-scale local information and then feature correlation (FCL) blocks are used to correlate these features. Finally, the feature selection attention-based mechanism is adopted to fuse the multi-layer features, and the multi-layer recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are utilized with bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) unit as the output layer. Furthermore, a novel logarithm exponential average error (LEAE) is proposed to overcome over-weighted problem. The multi-scale feature correlation network (MFCN) is evaluated on large-scale KITTI benchmarks (LKT), which is a subset of KITTI raw dataset, and NYU depth v2. The experiments indicate that the proposed unified network outperforms existing methods. This method also updates the state-of-the-art performance on LKT datasets. Importantly, the depth estimation method can be widely used for collision risk assessment and avoidance in driving assistance systems or automated pilot systems to achieve safety in a more economical and convenient way.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198120954438
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effectiveness of Warning Piles on Driving Behavior on the Curve of Low-Grade Highway
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2675, No. 8 ( 2021-08), p. 76-92
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2675, No. 8 ( 2021-08), p. 76-92
    Abstract: To develop a scientific and practicable guideline for implementing warning piles on Chinese low-grade highways, it is necessary to study the effect of warning piles on driving performance in different road alignments and environments. Based on a driving simulator, this paper evaluates the effect of unilateral and bilateral warning piles on vehicle speed and lateral position on a two-lane rural highway curve with different road geometries. The results show a significant effect of bilateral warning piles on speed control, which becomes more obvious as the radius of the curve decreases and the superelevation increases. In sharp curves, vehicle speed increases rapidly in the second half of the curve, and bilateral warning piles could significantly control speed increase to prevent danger. Meanwhile, the effect of bilateral warning piles on keeping vehicles in a safer lane position is also statistically significant in the second half of the curve. With a decreasing radius and an increasing superelevation, the value of the maximum lateral position will increase. Bilateral warning piles could reduce the lateral position to keep the vehicle on a stable track. Moreover, bilateral warning piles could also perform better at night. This paper studies both unilateral and bilateral warning piles’ effects on driving behavior in different road geometries, thus providing a theoretical basis for the engineering application of warning piles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198121996358
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Internal and External Pressure Sensing on Green Travel Intention: Based on a Theoretical Model of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Pressure-state-response Model
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2677, No. 2 ( 2023-02), p. 958-972
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2677, No. 2 ( 2023-02), p. 958-972
    Abstract: Factors that affect environmentally sustainable travel behavior (or “green travel”) and their mechanisms of action are important to understand to conserve energy and reduce emissions. We constructed a model by integrating the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the pressure-state-response (PSR) model with individual cognition of green travel policies (external pressure) and sensitivity of environmental problems (internal pressure). Then, an empirical study of 796 urban residents in eastern China was conducted. The results show that, with regard to the TPB, attitude has a direct and significant impact on self-practiced and interpersonal intentions, while perceived behavior control has a similar effect on self-practiced green travel intentions. Further, our results also indicate that subjective norms have indirect influence on both self-practiced and interpersonal intentions by affecting attitudes. With regard to the PSR model, urban residents’ cognitions of external and internal pressures affect their green travel intentions in various ways. Based on the results, some relevant policy recommendations aimed at promoting green travel are proposed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981221110227
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamic Viscoelastic Response of Asphalt Pavement With Random Transversely Isotropic Base Courses
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2677, No. 8 ( 2023-08), p. 37-53
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2677, No. 8 ( 2023-08), p. 37-53
    Abstract: Diagnosis of the dynamic response of an asphalt pavement structure coupled with involving inherent anisotropic properties of pavement materials serves as a vital tool for pavement analysis and design platforms. The mechanical response of asphalt pavement is strongly influenced by the random anisotropic properties (simplified as transversely isotropic properties in this study) because of the shape, distribution, orientation, degree of compaction, void structure, and so forth, of the granular materials in asphalt pavements. This study aims to introduce a computational framework by generating a three-dimensional finite element-based program to analyze the influence of thermo-viscoelasticity of the asphalt layer and transverse isotropy of the base courses and its randomness on asphalt pavements under the effect of moving vehicle loading. The accuracy and efficiency of the developed numerical program were verified by comparing our results with previous studies. Concurrently, the influences of random field conditions, transversely isotropic properties, and the temperature field were involved in assessing their action on the fatigue life prediction of pavement. It was concluded that the fatigue life of the asphalt pavement model, considering the transverse isotropy of the material, random field, and temperature field, was reduced by 48.1%, which would mislead the state assessment of asphalt pavements. Therefore, during asphalt pavement design and its viscoelastic response analysis, it is recommended to consider the influence of the random modulus, temperature fields, and transversely isotropic properties on the structural assessments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981231155417
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of Accessibility on Innovation : Empirical Study of Electronics Industry in Northern Taiwan
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 1994, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 74-79
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 1994, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 74-79
    Abstract: Knowledge capital promotes innovation in production, management, and marketing; decreases costs; and increases benefits, quality, and sales growth. Increasing numbers of firms are establishing links with educational and research institutions (ERIs) to accumulate knowledge capital. Such links generate knowledge spillover: firms located near ERIs can enhance innovation through spatial knowledge externalities. Accessibility to ERIs, its effects on innovation in the electronics industry, and the role of transportation infrastructure in the development of knowledge-based economies were studied. The study samples analyzed by multiple regression models were located in northern Taiwan between 1996 and 2001. The empirical evidence supported the following conclusions: (a) improved accessibility to ERIs significantly enhanced innovation, (b) the effects of enhanced innovation were significant within a distance limitation of 20 to 30 km from ERIs, (c) accessibility to universities creates more effects than does accessibility to research institutions, and (d) the effects of ERIs on innovation in metropolitan areas were less significant than were those in nonmetropolitan areas. Empirical evidence showed that integrating the policies of industry, education, and transportation is essential for stimulating further innovation in the electronics industry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/1994-10
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
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