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  • Mobility and traffic research  (115)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Novel Cooperative Collision Avoidance Model for Connected Vehicles
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2645, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 144-156
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2645, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 144-156
    Abstract: Connected vehicle technology exchanges real-time vehicle and traffic information through vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. The technology has the potential to improve traffic safety applications such as collision avoidance. In this paper, a novel cooperative collision avoidance (CCA) model that could improve the effectiveness of the collision avoidance system of connected vehicles was developed. Unlike traditional collision avoidance models, which relied mainly on emergency braking, the proposed CCA approach avoided collision through a combination of following vehicle deceleration and leading vehicle acceleration. Through spacing policy theory and nonlinear optimization, the model calculated the desired deceleration rate for the following vehicle and the acceleration rate for the leading vehicle, respectively, at each time interval. The CCA approach was then tested on a scaled platform with hardware-in-the-loop simulation embedded with MATLAB/Simulink and a car simulator package, CarSim. Results show that the proposed model can effectively avoid rear-end collisions in a three-vehicle platoon.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2645-16
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
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    Modeling of Passing Events in Mixed Bicycle Traffic with Cellular Automata
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2387, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 26-34
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2387, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 26-34
    Abstract: The primary objective of this study was to use the cellular automata (CA) method to model the characteristics of bicycle passing events in mixed bicycle traffic on separated bicycle paths. The mixed traffic was composed of two types of bicycles: the conventional bicycle (c-bicycle) and the electric bicycle (e-bicycle). The number of passing events and the characteristics of mixed bicycle traffic were investigated in the field on eight physically separated bicycle paths in China. Then a CA model was calibrated with the use of the field data to simulate the passing events in the mixed bicycle traffic. The results showed that the CA model could simulate the features of bicycle passing events well. The simulation results were consistent with field observations. An increase in the ratio of e-bicycles would not significantly increase the number of passing events, but e-bicycles did contribute substantially to passing events in mixed bicycle traffic. E-bicycles were shown to have more stability than c-bicycles, especially in traffic with a high flow rate. The findings of this study could improve the performance of simulation techniques to reflect the actual characteristics of mixed bicycle traffic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2387-04
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Delay Propagation in Large Railway Networks with Data-Driven Bayesian Modeling
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2675, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 472-485
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2675, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 472-485
    Abstract: Reliability and punctuality are the key evaluation criteria in railway service for both passengers and operators. Delays spanning over spatial and temporal dimensions significantly affect the reliability and punctuality level of train operation. The optimization of capacity utilization and timetable design requires the prediction of the reliability and punctuality level of train operations, which is determined by train delays and delay propagation. To predict the punctuality level of train operations, the distributions of arrival and departure delays must be estimated as realistically as possible by taking into account the complex railway network structure and different types of delays caused by route conflict and connected trips. This paper aims to predict the propagation of delays on the railway network in the Greater Sydney area by developing a conditional Bayesian model. In the model, the propagation satisfies the Markov property if one can predict future delay propagation in the network based solely on its present state just as well as one could knowing the process’s full history, so that it is independent of such historical procedures. Meanwhile, we consider the throughput estimation for the cases of delay caused by interchange line conflicts and train connection in this model. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work of data-driven delay propagation modeling that examines both spatial and temporal dimensions under four different scenarios for railway networks. Implementation on real-world railway network operation data shows the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed model compared with traditional probability models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981211018471
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Head-Up Display Graphic Warning to Support Collision Avoidance: Effect of Graphic Animation and Border on Driving Behavior and Eye Movement Pattern
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2677, No. 5 ( 2023-05), p. 636-652
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2677, No. 5 ( 2023-05), p. 636-652
    Abstract: Several studies have determined the positive effect of head-up display (HUD) graphic warning to support collision avoidance. However, the visual complexity of the graphic warning may overburden the driver. Design principles and empirical evidence suggest that animation and border designs may increase visual saliency and reduce the visual complexity of graphic warnings. This study aimed to examine the effects of animation (within-subject factors: animated/non-animated) and border (within-subject factors: with/without border) on drivers’ attention and driving performance. Thirty drivers (19 females) experienced five warning conditions (the no-warning condition was the baseline condition) in simulated driving conditions. The results showed the positive effects of animation and border designs on the visual detection time (animation: 25.64% reduction; border: 6.73% reduction) and attention allocation strategies (animation: 9.53% less dwell time on the warning; border: 6.62% less dwell time on the warning) when compared with the original HUD warning. We only observed a positive effect of borders on brake reaction time (17.14% reduction). However, the positive effect of the border design on brake reaction time was only observed in the non-animated warning condition, and not in the animated warning condition. A limitation of the study is that the results were generated from young and inexperienced drivers, and they should be generalized to other driver groups only with caution. Overall, we recommend using non-animated warnings with borders in conditions that require fast reactions, and animated warnings with borders in conditions that require a superior attention strategy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981221134628
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Velocity Obstacle-Based Collision Avoidance and Motion Planning Framework for Connected and Automated Vehicles
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2676, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 748-766
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2676, No. 5 ( 2022-05), p. 748-766
    Abstract: This study proposes a novel collision avoidance and motion planning framework for connected and automated vehicles based on an improved velocity obstacle (VO) method. The controller framework consists of two parts, that is, collision avoidance method and motion planning algorithm. The VO algorithm is introduced to deduce the velocity conditions of a vehicle collision. A collision risk potential field (CRPF) is constructed to modify the collision area calculated by the VO algorithm. A vehicle dynamic model is presented to predict vehicle moving states and trajectories. A model predictive control (MPC)-based motion tracking controller is employed to plan collision-avoidance path according to the collision-free principles deduced by the modified VO method. Five simulation scenarios are designed and conducted to demonstrate the control maneuver of the proposed controller framework. The results show that the constructed CRPF can accurately represent the collision risk distribution of the vehicles with different attributes and motion states. The proposed framework can effectively handle the maneuver of obstacle avoidance, lane change, and emergency response. The controller framework also presents good performance to avoid crashes under different levels of collision risk strength.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981211070286
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental Study on Compression Failure of Type II Ballastless Track Slab Based on Optical Fiber Sensing
    SAGE Publications ; 2024
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Ballastless track structures are widely employed in high-speed rail networks because of their superior safety and durability. Among the various types of ballastless track, the Type II slab is currently one of the most extensively used and mature technologies in practice. Over the course of its service life, the damage within the ballastless track structure gradually accumulates in response to increased external loads. Therefore, it is crucial to continuously monitor the health condition of the track structure. In this study, a quasi-distributed fiber optic sensing system is adopted to monitor the deformation capacity and force performance of a Type II ballastless track slab under vertical load. The investigation aims to analyze the damage mechanism of the track structure under vertical pressure by assessing the deformation differences among its different components. The findings reveal that the incorporation of vertical reinforcement can enhance the pressure bearing capacity of the cement asphalt mortar layer to a certain extent, subsequently affecting the stress dilation. The stress performance of the ballastless track slab can be effectively monitored using the quasi-distributed fiber optic sensing technology under pressure. The outcomes of this research offer valuable insights for controlling displacement and analyzing damage in ballastless railway systems subjected to compression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981241239655
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analyzing Travelers’ Intention to Accept Travel Information : Structural Equation Modeling
    SAGE Publications ; 2010
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2156, No. 1 ( 2010-01), p. 93-100
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2156, No. 1 ( 2010-01), p. 93-100
    Abstract: Advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) cannot improve the traffic environment if travelers do not accept the travel information provided by the system. To understand better why travelers accept or refuse travel information and to explain, predict, and increase travelers’ acceptance of travel information, a research framework based on the technology acceptance model is developed to establish the relationship between travelers’ intention to accept travel information, trust in travel information, perceived usefulness of travel information, perceived ease of its use, and other related variables. Then structural equation modeling is used to examine and analyze the relationship among these variables. The results show that the factors that significantly determine travelers’ intention to accept travel information are trust in travel information, its perceived usefulness, its perceived ease of use, and information attributes. Through an examination of the direct, indirect, and total effects in the model system, it is discovered that perceived ease of use has the largest total effect on intention to accept by a standardized coefficient of 0.522, followed by trust in information (0.348), perceived usefulness (0.199), and information attributes (0.079). These results indicate the practical value of the estimated model for guiding recommendations aimed at increasing travelers’ intention to accept travel information and at improving the service quality of travel information in China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2156-11
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Human–Machine Shared Steering Control Under High-Speed Emergency Obstacle Avoidance Scenarios
    SAGE Publications ; 2024
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2678, No. 7 ( 2024-07), p. 70-85
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2678, No. 7 ( 2024-07), p. 70-85
    Abstract: The allocation of controlling and driving authority is an important and difficult aspect of human–machine shared steering control (SSC). This paper addresses the SSC problem in high-speed emergency obstacle avoidance scenarios. A parallel SSC framework containing a dynamic driving authority allocation model and a path tracking controller is developed, where the human driver and controller can control the vehicle simultaneously. First, fuzzy logic is adopted in the SSC framework to actively adjust the driving authority between the human driver and the controller. The driver steering state and path tracking error are considered to reduce the negative impact of a driver’s mis-operation and weaken any human–machine conflict. Subsequently, the path tracking controller in the proposed SSC system is designed based on a nonlinear vehicle lateral model to improve the accuracy of the controller, particularly when the vehicle is facing large lateral acceleration. To address the nonlinear control problem, the Udwadia–Kalaba approach is employed and the Lyapunov stability of the controller is proved. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed SSC system is proved through simulation results, which show that the vehicle has excellent path tracking performance in high-speed obstacle avoidance scenarios. In addition, the system can resolve the human–machine conflict problem.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981231203221
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Experimental Study on the Stress and Failure Mode of a Shield Tunnel Lining Under Asymmetric Thrust
    SAGE Publications ; 2024
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: This paper develops the "formation–shield tunnel segment–reaction frame model test system." The force and failure modes of the segment under different curvature radii and different left- and right-hand thrusts are compared and analyzed. The analysis results include the following. (1) Under asymmetric thrust, the axial force, bending moment, and deformation of the segment present an asymmetric distribution. With the increase in the ratio of the thrust between the lateral and inner jacks of the turn, the loading step of the damage inside the segment lining structure is advanced. (2) With the increase in the radius of curvature, the bending moment and deformation of the segment lining decrease, but the magnitude of the sudden change in the axial force of the segment structure increases accordingly. (3) The failure locations of the segment structure are mostly concentrated at the joints between the vault and the arch. With the increase in the jack thrust ratio, the cracks caused by segment structure failure also increase, transverse crack extension occurs where the force on the outside of the turn is large, and the peeling phenomenon occurs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981231224751
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
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  • 10
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    Advanced Parking Space Management Strategy Design: An Agent-Based Simulation Optimization Approach
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2672, No. 8 ( 2018-12), p. 901-910
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2672, No. 8 ( 2018-12), p. 901-910
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198118758671
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 190260-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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