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  • Mobility and traffic research  (4)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2570, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 97-106
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2570, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 97-106
    Abstract: The fuel economy and emissions of conventional and hybrid buses equipped with emissions aftertreatment were evaluated via computational simulation for six representative city bus drive cycles. Both series and parallel configurations for the hybrid case were studied. The simulation results indicated that series hybrid buses have the greatest overall advantage in fuel economy. The series and parallel hybrid buses were predicted to produce similar carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon tailpipe emissions but were also predicted to have reduced tailpipe emissions of nitrogen oxides compared with the conventional bus in higher speed cycles. For the New York bus cycle, which has the lowest average speed among the cycles evaluated, the series bus tailpipe emissions were somewhat higher than they were for the conventional bus; the parallel hybrid bus had significantly lower tailpipe emissions. All three bus power trains were found to require periodic active diesel particulate filter regeneration to maintain control of particulate matter. Plug-in operation of series hybrid buses appears to offer significant fuel economy benefits and is easily employed because of the relatively large battery capacity that is typical of the series hybrid configuration.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2502, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 99-107
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2502, No. 1 ( 2015-01), p. 99-107
    Abstract: Comparisons are reported on the simulated fuel economy for parallel, series, and dual-mode hybrid electric long-haul trucks, in addition to a conventional powertrain configuration, powered by a commercial 2010-compliant 15-L diesel engine over a freeway-dominated heavy-duty truck driving cycle. The driving cycle was obtained by measurement during normal driving conditions. The results indicated that both parallel and dual-mode hybrid powertrains were capable of improving fuel economy by 7% to 8%. However, there was no significant fuel economy benefit for the series hybrid truck because of internal inefficiencies in energy exchange. When reduced aerodynamic drag and tire rolling resistance were combined with hybridization, there was a synergistic fuel economy benefit for appropriate hybrids that increased the fuel economy benefit to more than 15%. Long-haul hybrid trucks with reduced aerodynamic drag and rolling resistance offered lower peak engine loads, better kinetic energy recovery, and reduced average engine power demand. Thus, it is expected that hybridization with load reduction technologies offers important potential fuel energy savings for future long-haul trucks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2008
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2059, No. 1 ( 2008-01), p. 89-94
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2059, No. 1 ( 2008-01), p. 89-94
    Abstract: The Georgia Department of Transportation completed its first roadway project using lime as a stabilizing agent in full-depth reclamation (FDR). The roadway is performing well after 1 year of service. The FDR was performed on a rural route (Huckabee Road) in Jones County, Georgia, where base and pavement failures had been observed along the roadway. This route served as an excellent candidate for the new process, because the base and pavement failures observed were mainly caused by the instability of the underlying subgrade material, which consisted of micaceous, clay–silt soils. Rather than total reconstruction, lime stabilization was recommended, and a provisional specification was written. Construction began in April 2006 and included reclamation to a depth of 14 in. (35 cm) and incorporation of 56.0 lb/yd 2 (30 kg/m 2 ) of lime. The provisional specification required the use of hydrated lime, commercial granular lime, or pelletized quicklime for stabilization; the pelletized quicklime was used. Soil and falling weight deflectometer testing before and after reclamation indicated that substantial improvement, both in the soil properties and structural strength, was achieved by the new process.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2005
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 1921, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 79-88
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 1921, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 79-88
    Abstract: Parking cost is an important variable in determining mode choice, yet it receives little attention in most travel forecasting models. This paper presents a framework for modeling parking supply and cost that has three advantages over most parking cost models: a market-based approach is used to equilibrate parking demand with parking supply; actual parking costs paid by groups of travelers rather than average parking costs are estimated for each transportation analysis zone; and estimates are made from longitudinal data. This framework has been applied successfully in a traditional four-step travel model and is being used in practice. It also provides additional opportunities for application in a segmented manner or in concert with a microsimulation modeling approach. Mode choice results based on aggregate and segmented applications of the framework are substantially different. Improved forecasting of parking costs should be an important consideration in any new model development. In recent years, substantial efforts have been focused on household interactions and activity modeling. Although the understanding of travel behavior has improved substantially, the improved techniques still depend on good input data for credible forecasts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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