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  • Mobility and traffic research  (4)
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  • Mobility and traffic research  (4)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2676, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 194-209
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2676, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 194-209
    Abstract: Reasonable and accurate forecasts can be used by the highway maintenance management department to determine the best maintenance timing and strategy, which can keep the highway performing well and maximize its social and economic benefits. A Grey–Markov combination model is established in this paper to predict highway pavement performance accurately based on the Grey GM (1, 1) model (a single-variable Grey prediction model with a first-order difference equation) and revised by the Markov model. The advantages of the short-term forecast Grey model and the probabilistic Markov model, which considers the fate of pavement performance prediction, are comprehensively applied to the combined forecasting model. The Grey GM (1, 1), Grey–Markov model and Liu-Yao model are adopted to predict the pavement condition index (PCI) based on the actual PCI values measured in Shanxi, Chongqing, and Shaoguan. The average relative errors of the above three models’ predicted values in Shanxi are 0.73%, 1.18%, and 0.67%, respectively, from 2012 to 2014. Thus, the prediction errors of the three models are relatively close. The average relative errors of the prediction values predicted by the three models are 3.89%, 0.67%, and 0.50%, respectively, from 2015 to 2019. The latter two errors are more minor than the Grey GM (1, 1) model. Two other regions have similar conclusions. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the combination Grey–Markov prediction model established in this paper is feasible to predict asphalt pavement performance in China.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: The resilience of an urban rail transit (URT) network when faced with disruptions is affected by the locations of stations equipped with turn-back (TB) tracks. However, limited studies have enhanced the resilience of a URT network by setting new TB tracks. The present work addresses this gap by proposing and solving a scenario model for improving the operation of a URT network under normal conditions and disruptions by considering uncertain disruptions. A solution algorithm combined with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II is proposed to solve the model. Numerical experiments conducted on the Chengdu subway system indicate that the resilience of a URT network is significantly affected by TB operations provided at stations equipped with TB tracks. Compared with a network without new TB tracks, the matching degree between passenger flow spatial distribution and TB convenience, and the network’s overall resilience metric (NORM) are improved by 12.05% and 0.58%, respectively, when five new TB tracks are installed. The solution effectiveness of the model is related to the number of new TB tracks, and the NORM decreases by an average of [Formula: see text] after adding new TB tracks to a station.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2675, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 888-901
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2675, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 888-901
    Abstract: Rail defect detection is crucial to rail operations safety. Addressing the problem of high false alarm rates and missed detection rates in rail defect detection, this paper proposes a deep learning method using B-scan image recognition of rail defects with an improved YOLO (you only look once) V3 algorithm. Specifically, the developed model can automatically position a box in B-scan images and recognize EFBWs (electric flash butt welds), normal bolt holes, BHBs (bolt hole breaks), and SSCs (shells, spalling, or corrugation). First, the network structure of the YOLO V3 model is modified to enlarge the receptive field of the model, thus improving the detection accuracy of the model for small-scale objects. Second, B-scan image data are analyzed and standardized. Third, the initial training parameters of the improved YOLO V3 model are adjusted. Finally, the experiments are performed on 453 B-scan images as the test data set. Results show that the B-scan image recognition model based on the improved YOLO V3 algorithm reached high performance in its precision. Additionally, the detection accuracy and efficiency are improved compared with the original model and the final mean average precision can reach 87.41%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2676, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 342-354
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2676, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. 342-354
    Abstract: An urban rail transit (URT) system is an important component of an urban infrastructure system; however, it is vulnerable to disturbances, such as natural disasters and terrorist attacks. Constructing a highly resilient URT network has practical significance for enhancing its capability to respond to disturbances. In this paper, models are developed to optimize a URT network’s structure with regard to resilience and to enhance the resilience of a disrupted URT network. A bi-level programming model that aims to maximize a URT network’s global accessibility and global efficiency is formulated to optimize the structure of the network. A novel repair strategy, called the simulation repair strategy, is proposed to enhance the resilience of a disrupted URT network by optimizing the repair sequence of failed stations. The models are utilized to enhance the resilience of the Chengdu subway network. The result indicates that the bi-level programming model guides the construction of new links to optimize the structure of the Chengdu subway network. Deliberate attacks are more harmful to the Chengdu subway network than random attacks. The network’s operators need to pay attention to the operations of critical stations (e.g., Chunxi Road station and Tianfu Square station) to prevent disturbances from exerting considerable negative effects on the network’s normal operations. The simulation repair strategy exhibits higher repair efficiency than the conventional repair strategy, and it effectively enhances the resilience of the disrupted Chengdu subway network.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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