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  • Mobility and traffic research  (8)
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  • Mobility and traffic research  (8)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Determination of Storage Lengths of Left-Turn Lanes at Signalized Intersections
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2023, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 102-111
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2023, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 102-111
    Abstract: A new method has been developed for estimating the storage lengths of left-turn lanes at signalized intersections. To prevent lane overflow, the left-turn lane should be designed to have a length sufficient to store the longest expected queue. In this study, the left-turn queue length was estimated by considering two factors: (a) vehicles that arrive during the red phase and (b) the queue of vehicles carried over from previous cycles. A method based on the discrete-time Markov chain was applied to model the leftover queue length at the end of the green phase. A case study was provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed model. In the model evaluation, the estimated left-turn queue lengths were compared with field observations and estimates from other existing methods. The results showed that the proposed model significantly outperformed existing methods by providing more accurate estimates of the lengths of left-turn queues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2023-11
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Microscopic Simulation Approach to Effectiveness Analysis of Transit Signal Priority for Bus Rapid Transit : A Case Study in Beijing
    SAGE Publications ; 2008
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2072, No. 1 ( 2008-01), p. 64-76
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2072, No. 1 ( 2008-01), p. 64-76
    Abstract: Transit signal priority (TSP) is one of the critical components of bus rapid transit (BRT) and a key technology in enhancing its operational efficacy. It not only provides priority to the BRT vehicle but also manages the trade-off between the delay of buses at an intersection and the impacts on other traffic. This paper focuses on the design and evaluation of a simulation of signal priority for BRT under mixed traffic flow conditions. Taking the Southern Axis BRT Line 1 in Beijing as a case study, different signal priority strategies, including green extension, red truncation, and special phase insertion, are developed for the signalized intersection along the BRT route. A signal coordination plan is designed for the section composed of four intersections in the BRT system. The study uses the VISSIM microscopic traffic simulation model to analyze the impacts of traffic parameters, especially those of nonmotorized traffic, on the effectiveness of TSP along the corridor. Simulation results indicated that the BRT vehicles would typically benefit from transit priority with travel times savings and delay reduction, as well as greater schedule adherence, and suggest that these benefits may be obtained with little negative impacts to the overall system. The results also indicated that the volume of nonmotorized traffic is one of the most important factors that influence the effectiveness of TSP implementation in a mixed traffic flow.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2072-08
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Understanding Flex-Route Transit Adoption from a Stage of Change Perspective
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2677, No. 6 ( 2023-06), p. 743-758
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2677, No. 6 ( 2023-06), p. 743-758
    Abstract: Given the potential benefits of flex-route transit for the environment and traffic congestion, many cities have goals for diffusing flex-route transit. However, previous studies have focused on practical experience, strategic planning, and operational planning of flex-route transit. Few studies have identified the determinants of flex-route transit adoption. This study aims to address the effect of demographic characteristics and psychological factors on flex-route transit adoption by employing a stage of change framework. First, the transtheoretical model is applied to divide respondents into five ordered stages (i.e., Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance). Second, a survey was conducted in Beijing, China, using an online platform to obtain the demographic characteristics and measurement items of the respondents in the five ordered stages. Then, a structural equation model is applied to quantify psychological factors. In addition, the partial proportional odds (PPO) model is employed to estimate the best model and identify the determinants of flex-route transit adoption. Finally, an elasticity analysis is conducted to uncover the effect of determinants on flex-route transit adoption in the five ordered stages. The results suggest that the PPO model has the best fit and validity. The model reveals the significant implications of psychological factors and demographic characteristics for transport policy in various stages. These findings show that, regardless of the initial stage, interventions concentrating on psychological factors and demographic characteristics appear to have the potential to transfer the stage of individuals from one to another. To make policies as effective as possible for promoting flex-route transit adoption, the targeted interventions should be complemented in the specific stage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981221150244
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development and Application of Macroscopic Emission Model for China
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2123, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 66-75
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2123, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 66-75
    Abstract: A macroscopic emission model is an important tool in a wide-area emission assessment, which is typically used to calculate and develop a national or regional emission inventory. China has had its own emission models. The use of modified versions of U.S. or European models, which has been the practice in the past, can lead to significant errors in emission estimates. This paper attempts to develop a macroscopic emission model for China on the basis of a combined use of real-world emission data collected in China and some supplementary modeling data from MOBILE. The paper first analyzes the fundamental features and calculation logic of existing models, the basis of the structure and modeling framework of the proposed macroscopic emission model for China. Then, a detailed description of the data collection, data analysis, and calculation processes of the key modules is presented. Subsequently, the paper implements the model by using Visual Basic computer language and the Microsoft Access database, which provide two data input approaches: default parameters and user-provided parameters. These approaches offer model flexibility and improve the model's regional applicability and output accuracy. Finally, a case study of the proposed model for estimating emissions for Beijing in 2008 is presented. Through use of the same data set, the outputs generated by the proposed model are compared with outputs from MOBILE6.2. The emission model developed in this research is shown to reflect the real-world emission level in China better than MOBILE6.2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2123-08
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimized Adjustment of Speed Resolution and Time Alignment Data for Improving Emissions Estimations
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2570, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 77-86
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2570, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 77-86
    Abstract: Emissions models involving the use of vehicle-specific power (VSP) have been developed and studied on the basis of instantaneous emissions data and vehicle activity data for more than a decade. However, various issues associated with the data quality have never been fully resolved or even understood. This research sought to identify the best speed resolution and adjustment of time alignment to improve emissions estimations. First, VSP distributions at different speed resolutions were calculated and compared on the basis of the second-by-second speed data. The results indicated that VSP distributions cannot be accurately characterized when the speed resolution is lower than 0.1 km/h or 0.1 mph, and the effect of different speed units (km/h and mph) on VSP distributions can be ignored when the speed can be expressed in at least one decimal digit. Then, a correction for the time alignment that relied on the correlation coefficient of the emissions and the positive VSP values was applied to the emissions data. It was shown that the coefficient of variation at the 95% confidence level of emission rates tended to decrease after the correction was implemented. It was further found that the time alignment differed for different pollutants. Finally, emission factor on the basis of the speed distributions at different speed resolutions and emission rates for before and after the correction of the time alignment were developed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2570-09
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Simulation Study of Evacuation Routes and Traffic Management Strategies in Short-Notice Emergency Evacuation
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2459, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 63-71
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2459, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 63-71
    Abstract: Emergency evacuation traffic is simulated in response to an assumed chlorine gas spill incident in downtown Jackson, Mississippi. The best evacuation corridors are identified, and possible effective traffic management strategies are compared to increase the cumulative number of vehicles evacuated out of the protective action zone and to decrease the average travel times for evacuees. To relieve the heavy traffic congestion around the spill location caused by the sudden increase in demand, traffic management strategies (law enforcement for traffic control, contraflow operations, and variable message signs) are tested on the three major arterial streets in the protective action zone to improve evacuation performance over a baseline traffic management strategy. A multiway analysis of variance was conducted for the simulation results to numerically assess the effect of each factor that might contribute to the performance of the short-notice evacuation. Results of a comparison of evacuation scenarios used to determine evacuation effectiveness and statistical analysis indicated that ( a) selection of a best contraflow operation route depends on interference from intersecting links and the cost of deploying traffic management and ( b) the use of both contraflow and variable message signs could improve evacuation performance over using neither or only one of the two strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2459-08
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Protected–Permissive Left-Turn Signal Control Mode: New Analytical Approach to Estimate Operational Benefit and Safety Cost
    SAGE Publications ; 2010
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2149, No. 1 ( 2010-01), p. 37-49
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2149, No. 1 ( 2010-01), p. 37-49
    Abstract: Protected–permissive left-turn (PPLT) and protected only (PO) left-turn signal control modes have been widely used at signalized intersections. The selection between these two control modes is a complicated process in which practitioners need to consider safety and operational impacts. In this study researchers developed analytical models for estimating the operational benefits and the safety risks associated with the use of the PPLT control mode. Evaluation results demonstrated that the proposed models could provide accurate and reliable estimates for the delay reduction and the potential conflicts caused by the use of the PPLT mode. Results of this study will be useful for developing quantitative criteria for the selection between the PO and PPLT modes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2149-05
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis of Traffic Flow Characteristics on Ring Road Expressways in Beijing : Using Floating Car Data and Remote Traffic Microwave Sensor Data
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2124, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 178-185
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2124, No. 1 ( 2009-01), p. 178-185
    Abstract: The primary objective of this paper is to analyze traffic flow characteristics on ring road expressways in Beijing on the basis of floating car data (FCD) and remote traffic microwave sensors (RTMS) data. Traffic flow characteristics are studied in relation to lane use, the relationship between occupancy and density, relationship of flow–speed–density, and the relationship between FCD speed and RTMS speed. It is demonstrated that lane use characteristics on the basic sections of ring road expressways are similar to those of freeways, in which the average vehicle lengths in the median, center, and shoulder lanes are found to be approximately 5.78 m, 6.03 m, and 6.33 m, respectively. Further, the four essential parameters used to characterize the Van Aerde flow–speed–density relationship are calibrated and compared for the second, third, and fourth ring road expressways. Results indicate that the fourth ring road, which has the highest free-flow speed, speed-at-capacity, and capacity, has characteristics similar to those of typical freeways. Traffic flow characteristics observed on the second and third ring roads are roughly consistent with the Greenshields model. It is observed that the second ring road has the worst traffic conditions, followed by the third ring road, and that the basic sections of ring road expressways have better traffic conditions than the areas around the ramp junctions. Finally, a regression analysis is done to develop the relationship between FCD speed and RTMS speed. It is found that RTMS speed is slightly higher than FCD speed, with a difference of less than 6%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2124-17
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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