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  • Mobility and traffic research  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    What Happens When a Major Freeway is Closed for Repair? : The Case of Fix I-5 in Downtown Sacramento, California
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2278, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 134-144
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2278, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 134-144
    Abstract: In the summer of 2008, a portion of Interstate 5 near downtown Sacramento, California, was closed in one direction at a time for reconstruction. The project, one of the first in California in which an entire direction of a major freeway was closed during commuting hours for planned repair work, lasted approximately 2 months and was expected to cause major congestion in the area (an area that in 2009 would be ranked in the top 49 most congested urban areas in the United States). This paper studies the actual traffic impact of the project and analyzes the behavioral and flow pattern changes that the project caused. Results showed that overall traffic demand on the freeway remained largely unchanged, with about a 3% to 7% reduction in daily traffic volume in the downtown area and less than 3% in the outskirt areas. The demand reduction during the commuting peak was more pronounced at about 7% to 12%, an indication of peak spreading. Rather than taking public transit, the majority of drivers who stayed away from the affected freeways during commuting hours chose arterial routes or earlier or later departure times. There is evidence that some drivers turned to carpooling in the initial stages of the project, but they reverted back to solo driving in the later stages. However, despite record high gas prices, vehicle volumes on the roadways returned to preconstruction levels 1 month after construction ended. This return to former volumes is an indication that people's travel habits are difficult to change in the short run.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2278-15
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impacts of Participatory Strategic Planning on Advancing Innovation at the Volpe Center
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2420, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 45-54
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2420, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 45-54
    Abstract: Strategy and innovation are critical in ensuring the continued success of research organizations in the face of rapid economic, technological, political, and social changes. In 2010, the John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe), a fee-for-service research organization in existence for more than 40 years in the U.S. Department of Transportation, embarked on a participatory strategic planning process. This paper presents a case study of this process, which used crowdsourcing as a tool for staff engagement. In addition, the paper evaluates the effectiveness of Volpe's strategic planning efforts through the lens of the literature on strategic planning and innovation. Employing both quantitative and qualitative methods, the paper examines two questions. First, has the participatory strategic planning process strengthened Volpe's ability to carry out its purpose of advancing transportation innovation for the public good? Second, does the employee engagement and crowdsourcing approach used by Volpe offer an effective and successful alternative to the traditional model of conducting strategic planning at the top organizational levels? Strategic planning and innovation literature provided quantitative metrics with which to measure characteristics associated with innovative organizations. Findings indicated that six completed strategic initiatives were perceived by staff as contributing positively to Volpe's purpose of advancing innovation. Differences between managers’ and nonmanagers’ perceptions were found. Findings also indicated that crowdsourcing was an effective tool with high participation rates and positive comments in the qualitative analysis. This research demonstrated the continuing need for further research on the impacts of strategic planning and on the use and effectiveness of crowdsourcing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2420-05
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Development of a New Faulting Model in Jointed Concrete Pavement using LTPP Data
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2673, No. 5 ( 2019-05), p. 407-417
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2673, No. 5 ( 2019-05), p. 407-417
    Abstract: Faulting is a major and commonplace distress in jointed concrete pavement (JCP) that can directly cause pavement roughness and adversely influence the ride quality of a vehicle. Faulting also plays an essential role in concrete pavement design. Notwithstanding the importance of faulting, the accuracy and reasonability of the faulting prediction models that have been developed to date remain controversial. Furthermore, the process of faulting over time is still not fully understood. This paper proposes a novel mechanistic-empirical model to estimate faulting depth at joints in the wheel path in JCP. Two stages within the process of faulting were revealed by the model and are introduced in this study. To distinguish the two stages of faulting, an inflection point, as a critical faulting depth, was directly determined by this model and suggested to be an indicator of the initiation of erosion for concrete pavement design. The proposed model was proven accurate and reliable by using long-term pavement performance data. The parameters in the model were statistically calibrated with performance-related factors by Akaike’s Information Criterion for variable selection and performing stepwise regression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0361198119838988
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis and Evaluation of Slip Base Aluminum Single-Post Sign Supports under Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware Safety Performance Criteria
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Single-post sign supports are commonly used near to roadways. Signs can assume various configurations, yet few full-scale crash tests have been conducted to date to investigate crash performance of sign supports under current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) criteria. This study investigated crash performance for aluminum, slip base, single-post signs under MASH criteria to determine critical configurations and develop prospective assessments of crashworthiness. These systems were supported by a four-bolt slip base and mounted on a 4 in. diameter aluminum post. Two full-scale crash tests were performed to evaluate performance of a system with a 4 × 4 ft sign panel under MASH test Nos. 3-61 and 3-62, in which the slip base activated and released the sign in a predictable manner. Safety concerns for the tested signs were raised by sign penetration through the rear window and excessive roof crush during MASH test No. 3-61. LS-DYNA models were developed and validated against test results. LS-DYNA simulations were conducted on four sign configurations to represent a range of sign panel sizes and design heights to analyze critical characteristics of single-post signs. Simulations were also conducted with increased design height to explore preliminary options for improving the performance of sign supports. Generally, signs with centroid heights at least 10 ft were deemed to have high potential of passing MASH Test Level 3 (TL-3) criteria, but it was recommended that the critical sign configuration be modified to raise the sign cluster centroid from a design height of 9 ft to 11.5 ft or greater.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981231190092
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Updated Zone of Intrusion Envelopes in the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware Impact Conditions
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Roadside barriers are used to shield fixed objects near the roadway and are designed to mitigate the severity of run-off-road crashes near those fixed objects. The zone of intrusion (ZOI) defines the potential location of a vehicle component above and beyond the top face of the barrier during an impact, and therefore indicates if there is a potential that a fixed object located behind a barrier could interact with the vehicle during redirection. Previous ZOI envelope guidelines were based on older vehicle models and test results. Further review was required to update the guidelines for contemporary vehicles and impact conditions in accordance with the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH). A literature review of full-scale crash tests and computer simulations were used to identify the ZOI envelope shapes for MASH test levels 2–5. Simulations were calibrated using test data and were used to investigate gaps in the full-scale test data. Conservative guidelines were developed from the combined simulation and test data, and recommended ZOI envelope shapes were developed that conservatively bounded the ZOI results. Results were presented for potential revision of ZOI envelope guidelines in the AASHTO Roadside Design Guide. Future recommendations to improve ZOI measurements in test data and simulation modeling were also presented.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981231166680
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Parking Sensing and Information System: Sensors, Deployment, and Evaluation
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2559, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 81-89
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2559, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 81-89
    Abstract: This paper describes a smart parking sensing and information system that disseminates parking availability information to public users in a cost-effective and efficient manner. The hardware framework of the system is built on advanced wireless sensor networks and cloud service over the Internet, and the system is highly scalable. The parking information provided to the users is set in the form of occupancy rates and expected cruising time. Both are obtained from an analytical algorithm that processes historical and real-time data and are then visualized in a color theme. The entire parking system is deployed and extensively evaluated at Stanford University, California, Parking Structure 1.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3141/2559-10
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403378-9
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