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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Social interaction modulates autonomic, inflammatory, and depressive-like responses to cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2010
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 107, No. 37 ( 2010-09-14), p. 16342-16347
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 107, No. 37 ( 2010-09-14), p. 16342-16347
    Abstract: Psychological factors, including depression and social isolation, are important determinants of cardiovascular health. The current study uses a well-validated mouse model of cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) to examine the effect of social environment on several pathophysiological and behavioral responses to cerebral ischemia. Male experimental mice were either housed in pairs with an ovariectomized female or socially isolated for the duration of the experiment. Cardiac arrest increased the mRNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as the microglia marker MAC-1; expression of each of these factors, except IL-6, was further increased among socially isolated mice. Furthermore, socially isolated animals exposed to the CA/CPR procedure displayed significantly higher levels of neuronal cell death and microglia staining within the hippocampus at 7 d following surgery. Social isolation also exacerbated CA/CPR-induced depressive-like behavior and cardiac autonomic dysregulation. In the absence of ischemic damage, social environment had no significant effect on the expression of neuronal cell death, autonomic cardiac control, or behavior. Together, these data suggest that social factors influence the pathophysiological trajectory following cardiac arrest.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1007583107
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Antifreeze proteins govern the precipitation of trehalose in a freezing-avoiding insect at low temperature
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2016
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 113, No. 24 ( 2016-06-14), p. 6683-6688
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, No. 24 ( 2016-06-14), p. 6683-6688
    Abstract: The remarkable adaptive strategies of insects to extreme environments are linked to the biochemical compounds in their body fluids. Trehalose, a versatile sugar molecule, can accumulate to high levels in freeze-tolerant and freeze-avoiding insects, functioning as a cryoprotectant and a supercooling agent. Antifreeze proteins (AFPs), known to protect organisms from freezing by lowering the freezing temperature and deferring the growth of ice, are present at high levels in some freeze-avoiding insects in winter, and yet, paradoxically are found in some freeze-tolerant insects. Here, we report a previously unidentified role for AFPs in effectively inhibiting trehalose precipitation in the hemolymph (or blood) of overwintering beetle larvae. We determine the trehalose level (29.6 ± 0.6 mg/mL) in the larval hemolymph of a beetle, Dendroides canadensis, and demonstrate that the hemolymph AFPs are crucial for inhibiting trehalose crystallization, whereas the presence of trehalose also enhances the antifreeze activity of AFPs. To dissect the molecular mechanism, we examine the molecular recognition between AFP and trehalose crystal interfaces using molecular dynamics simulations. The theory corroborates the experiments and shows preferential strong binding of the AFP to the fast growing surfaces of the sugar crystal. This newly uncovered role for AFPs may help explain the long-speculated role of AFPs in freeze-tolerant species. We propose that the presence of high levels of molecules important for survival but prone to precipitation in poikilotherms (their body temperature can vary considerably) needs a companion mechanism to prevent the precipitation and here present, to our knowledge, the first example. Such a combination of trehalose and AFPs also provides a novel approach for cold protection and for trehalose crystallization inhibition in industrial applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601519113
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2016
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Some methodological aspects of self‐report questions on language and ethnicity
    Informa UK Limited ; 1985
    In:  Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development Vol. 6, No. 5 ( 1985-01), p. 347-368
    Details
    In: Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 6, No. 5 ( 1985-01), p. 347-368
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0143-4632 , 1747-7557
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/01434632.1985.9994211
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 1985
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 136713-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480742-7
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Psychometric and Piagetian intelligences: Toward resolution of controversy
    Elsevier BV ; 1984
    In:  Intelligence Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 1984-1), p. 67-91
    Details
    In: Intelligence, Elsevier BV, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 1984-1), p. 67-91
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0160-2896
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/0160-2896(84)90007-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2013999-8
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Representational change and magnitude estimation: Why young children can make more accurate salary comparisons than adults
    Elsevier BV ; 2008
    In:  Cognition Vol. 108, No. 3 ( 2008-9), p. 843-849
    Details
    In: Cognition, Elsevier BV, Vol. 108, No. 3 ( 2008-9), p. 843-849
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0010-0277
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2008.05.003
    RVK:
    EQ 2127.5
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2008
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    SSG: 7,11
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  • 6
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    On the effects of the ocean on atmospheric CFC-11 lifetimes and emissions
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2021
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 118, No. 12 ( 2021-03-23)
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 118, No. 12 ( 2021-03-23)
    Abstract: The ocean is a reservoir for CFC-11, a major ozone-depleting chemical. Anthropogenic production of CFC-11 dramatically decreased in the 1990s under the Montreal Protocol, which stipulated a global phase out of production by 2010. However, studies raise questions about current overall emission levels and indicate unexpected increases of CFC-11 emissions of about 10 Gg ⋅ yr −1 after 2013 (based upon measured atmospheric concentrations and an assumed atmospheric lifetime). These findings heighten the need to understand processes that could affect the CFC-11 lifetime, including ocean fluxes. We evaluate how ocean uptake and release through 2300 affects CFC-11 lifetimes, emission estimates, and the long-term return of CFC-11 from the ocean reservoir. We show that ocean uptake yields a shorter total lifetime and larger inferred emission of atmospheric CFC-11 from 1930 to 2075 compared to estimates using only atmospheric processes. Ocean flux changes over time result in small but not completely negligible effects on the calculated unexpected emissions change (decreasing it by 0.4 ± 0.3 Gg ⋅ yr −1 ). Moreover, it is expected that the ocean will eventually become a source of CFC-11, increasing its total lifetime thereafter. Ocean outgassing should produce detectable increases in global atmospheric CFC-11 abundances by the mid-2100s, with emission of around 0.5 Gg ⋅ yr −1 ; this should not be confused with illicit production at that time. An illustrative model projection suggests that climate change is expected to make the ocean a weaker reservoir for CFC-11, advancing the detectable change in the global atmospheric mixing ratio by about 5 yr.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021528118
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 7
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    Blocking rapid ice crystal growth through nonbasal plane adsorption of antifreeze proteins
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2016
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 113, No. 14 ( 2016-04-05), p. 3740-3745
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 113, No. 14 ( 2016-04-05), p. 3740-3745
    Abstract: Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are a unique class of proteins that bind to growing ice crystal surfaces and arrest further ice growth. AFPs have gained a large interest for their use in antifreeze formulations for water-based materials, such as foods, waterborne paints, and organ transplants. Instead of commonly used colligative antifreezes such as salts and alcohols, the advantage of using AFPs as an additive is that they do not alter the physicochemical properties of the water-based material. Here, we report the first comprehensive evaluation of thermal hysteresis (TH) and ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity of all major classes of AFPs using cryoscopy, sonocrystallization, and recrystallization assays. The results show that TH activities determined by cryoscopy and sonocrystallization differ markedly, and that TH and IRI activities are not correlated. The absence of a distinct correlation in antifreeze activity points to a mechanistic difference in ice growth inhibition by the different classes of AFPs: blocking fast ice growth requires rapid nonbasal plane adsorption, whereas basal plane adsorption is only relevant at long annealing times and at small undercooling. These findings clearly demonstrate that biomimetic analogs of antifreeze (glyco)proteins should be tailored to the specific requirements of the targeted application.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1524109113
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
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    SSG: 11
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-range protein–water dynamics in hyperactive insect antifreeze proteins
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2013
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 110, No. 5 ( 2013-01-29), p. 1617-1622
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, No. 5 ( 2013-01-29), p. 1617-1622
    Abstract: Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are specific proteins that are able to lower the freezing point of aqueous solutions relative to the melting point. Hyperactive AFPs, identified in insects, have an especially high ability to depress the freezing point by far exceeding the abilities of other AFPs. In previous studies, we postulated that the activity of AFPs can be attributed to two distinct molecular mechanisms: ( i ) short-range direct interaction of the protein surface with the growing ice face and ( ii ) long-range interaction by protein-induced water dynamics extending up to 20 Å from the protein surface. In the present paper, we combine terahertz spectroscopy and molecular simulations to prove that long-range protein–water interactions make essential contributions to the high antifreeze activity of insect AFPs from the beetle Dendroides canadensis . We also support our hypothesis by studying the effect of the addition of the osmolyte sodium citrate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1214911110
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biological uptake and reversible scavenging of zinc in the global ocean
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2018
    In:  Science Vol. 361, No. 6397 ( 2018-07-06), p. 72-76
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 361, No. 6397 ( 2018-07-06), p. 72-76
    Abstract: Zinc (Zn) is a key micronutrient for marine phytoplankton, with a global distribution that is similar to silicic acid. The processes that govern this relationship, despite the very different biological cycling of Zn and silica, remain poorly understood. Here, we use diagnostic and mechanistic models to show that only a combination of Southern Ocean biological uptake and reversible scavenging of Zn onto sinking particles can explain the observations. The distinction between organic and adsorbed Zn can also reconcile the vertical distribution and mass balance of Zn isotopes, which previously appeared at odds. This holistic understanding explains the Zn deficiencies observed throughout the low-latitude ocean and implies a greater sensitivity of the marine Zn cycle to climate-driven changes in organic matter cycling than previously recognized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.aap8532
    RVK:
    TA 1000
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    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
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  • 10
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    Cardiopulmonary Arrest and Resuscitation Disrupts Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Processes: A Role for Cholinergic α7 Nicotinic Receptors
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 31, No. 9 ( 2011-03-02), p. 3446-3452
    Details
    In: The Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, Vol. 31, No. 9 ( 2011-03-02), p. 3446-3452
    Abstract: Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death worldwide. While survival rates following sudden cardiac arrest remain relatively low, recent advancements in patient care have begun to increase the proportion of individuals who survive cardiac arrest. However, many of these individuals subsequently develop physiological and psychiatric conditions that likely result from ongoing neuroinflammation and neuronal death. The present study was conducted to better understand the pathophysiological effects of cardiac arrest on neuronal cell death and inflammation, and their modulation by the cholinergic system. Using a well validated model of cardiac arrest, here we show that global cerebral ischemia increases microglial activation, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), and neuronal damage. Cardiac arrest also induces alterations in numerous cellular components of central cholinergic signaling, including a reduction in choline acetyltransferase enzymatic activity and the number of choline acetyltransferase-positive neurons, as well as, reduced acetylcholinesterase and vesicular acetylcholine transporter mRNA. However, treatment with a selective agonist of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, the primary receptor mediating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, significantly decreases the neuroinflammation and neuronal damage resulting from cardiac arrest. These data suggest that global cerebral ischemia results in significant declines in central cholinergic signaling, which may in turn diminish the capacity of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway to control inflammation. Furthermore, we provide evidence that pharmacological activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors provide significant protection against ischemia-related cell death and inflammation within a clinically relevant time frame.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0270-6474 , 1529-2401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4558-10.2011
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2011
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    SSG: 12
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