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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2009
    In:  Science Vol. 323, No. 5913 ( 2009-01-23), p. 516-521
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 323, No. 5913 ( 2009-01-23), p. 516-521
    Abstract: Trans–SNAP receptor (SNARE, where SNAP is defined as soluble NSF attachment protein, and NSF is defined as N -ethylmaleimide–sensitive factor) complexes catalyze synaptic vesicle fusion and bind complexin, but the function of complexin binding to SNARE complexes remains unclear. Here we show that in neuronal synapses, complexin simultaneously suppressed spontaneous fusion and activated fast calcium ion–evoked fusion. The dual function of complexin required SNARE binding and also involved distinct amino-terminal sequences of complexin that localize to the point where trans-SNARE complexes insert into the fusing membranes, suggesting that complexin controls the force that trans-SNARE complexes apply onto the fusing membranes. Consistent with this hypothesis, a mutation in the membrane insertion sequence of the v-SNARE synaptobrevin/vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) phenocopied the complexin loss-of-function state without impairing complexin binding to SNARE complexes. Thus, complexin probably activates and clamps the force transfer from assembled trans-SNARE complexes onto fusing membranes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  The Modern Language Journal Vol. 105, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 740-759
    In: The Modern Language Journal, Wiley, Vol. 105, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 740-759
    Abstract: Digital games offer a promising platform to engage second language (L2) learners in contextualized language practice, including pragmatics practice. Although scholars have made strong claims on the benefits of game‐based learning, empirical findings have not yet established strong support for the effectiveness of games. Existing studies are mostly descriptive rather than experimental; few studies have compared L2 learning outcomes between a game‐based learning group and a comparison control group. To fill this gap, this study investigated the instructional and motivational effects of a digital game on learning Chinese formulaic expressions. We developed two digital learning environments: a scenario‐based digital game ( Questaurant ) and an interactive online lesson. Forty‐nine learners of Chinese in two U.S. universities were randomly assigned to the game group ( n = 25) or the online lesson group ( n = 24). Both groups equally improved their knowledge of formulaic expressions after the respective learning session. However, the game group showed a significantly higher level of motivation compared to the online lesson group.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0026-7902 , 1540-4781
    URL: Issue
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016414-2
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  System Vol. 80 ( 2019-02), p. 48-59
    In: System, Elsevier BV, Vol. 80 ( 2019-02), p. 48-59
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0346-251X
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500775-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 189289-7
    SSG: 7,11
    SSG: 5,3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2019
    In:  Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 2019-06-26), p. 236-257
    In: Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 42, No. 2 ( 2019-06-26), p. 236-257
    Abstract: This study conducts an acquisition-based evaluation of four primary-school English textbook series used in China. The evaluation aims to determine whether the sequencing of grammatical structures in the series is compatible with the L2 learning sequence stipulated in Processability Theory (PT). The results show a partial agreement between the sequencing of structures as teaching objectives in the series and the PT-based processability hierarchy. The sequencing of structures in the initial stages is consistent with the learning sequence of L2 English stated in PT. However, several structures in the intermediate or high stages are taught in a deviant way against their sequencing in PT. The deviant grading of those structures is possibly associated with the theme-based guidelines adopted in the textbooks. It appears that concerns with the utility of grammatical structures in a given context take precedence over concerns for L2 development. A number of suggestions are offered to textbook writers in terms of the role of input, the learners’ developmental readiness, and the issue of heterogeneity in L2 classrooms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2192-9513 , 2192-9505
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2627949-6
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Foreign Language Annals Vol. 50, No. 4 ( 2017-12), p. 641-660
    In: Foreign Language Annals, Wiley, Vol. 50, No. 4 ( 2017-12), p. 641-660
    Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness and usability of a scenario‐based interactive practice in teaching Chinese formulaic expressions. Thirty students enrolled in Chinese classes in a U.S. university interacted with characters in videos featuring scenes recorded in Shanghai. Students were prompted to use formulaic expressions during their text‐based interactions with built‐in characters. Several game‐like features were incorporated into the practice (e.g., a plot and settings, character selections, and point systems). Pre‐, post‐, and delayed posttest results showed that students made significant gains in their knowledge of formulaic expressions after the practice, and their knowledge was maintained 2 weeks later. Interviews with individual students revealed some features that motivated them with the practice (e.g., videorecordings of authentic situations, interactions with the characters). However, some students did not perceive the practice as a game‐like experience because of the linear, structured nature of the practice and limited decision‐making power, leaving room for design improvement in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0015-718X , 1944-9720
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2023
    In:  Information Sciences Vol. 624 ( 2023-05), p. 324-343
    In: Information Sciences, Elsevier BV, Vol. 624 ( 2023-05), p. 324-343
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0020-0255
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218760-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478990-5
    SSG: 24,1
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2021
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 118, No. 31 ( 2021-08-03)
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 118, No. 31 ( 2021-08-03)
    Abstract: Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) in the environment has increased sharply in recent decades. The effect of environmental EMR on living organisms remains poorly characterized. Here, we report the impact of wireless-range EMR on the sleep architecture of mouse. Prolonged exposure to 2.4-GHz EMR modulated by 100-Hz square pulses at a nonthermal output level results in markedly increased time of wakefulness in mice. These mice display corresponding decreased time of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). In contrast, prolonged exposure to unmodulated 2.4-GHz EMR at the same time-averaged output level has little impact on mouse sleep. These observations identify alteration of sleep architecture in mice as a specific physiological response to prolonged wireless-range EMR exposure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
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    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2021
    In:  Information Sciences Vol. 563 ( 2021-07), p. 150-165
    In: Information Sciences, Elsevier BV, Vol. 563 ( 2021-07), p. 150-165
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0020-0255
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218760-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1478990-5
    SSG: 24,1
    SSG: 7,11
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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