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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate 3-Kinase A Functions As a Scaffold for Synaptic Rac Signaling
    Society for Neuroscience ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 29, No. 44 ( 2009-11-04), p. 14039-14049
    Details
    In: The Journal of Neuroscience, Society for Neuroscience, Vol. 29, No. 44 ( 2009-11-04), p. 14039-14049
    Abstract: Activity-dependent alterations of synaptic contacts are crucial for synaptic plasticity. The formation of new dendritic spines and synapses is known to require actin cytoskeletal reorganization specifically during neural activation phases. Yet the site-specific and time-dependent mechanisms modulating actin dynamics in mature neurons are not well understood. In this study, we show that actin dynamics in spines is regulated by a Rac anchoring and targeting function of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase A (IP 3 K-A), independent of its kinase activity. On neural activation, IP 3 K-A bound directly to activated Rac1 and recruited it to the actin cytoskeleton in the postsynaptic area. This focal targeting of activated Rac1 induced spine formation through actin dynamics downstream of Rac signaling. Consistent with the scaffolding role of IP 3 K-A, IP 3 K-A knock-out mice exhibited defects in accumulation of PAK1 by long-term potentiation-inducing stimulation. This deficiency resulted in a reduction in the reorganization of actin cytoskeletal structures in the synaptic area of dentate gyrus. Moreover, IP 3 K-A knock-out mice showed deficits of synaptic plasticity in perforant path and in hippocampal-dependent memory performances. These data support a novel model in which IP 3 K-A is critical for the spatial and temporal regulation of spine actin remodeling, synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory via an activity-dependent Rac scaffolding mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0270-6474 , 1529-2401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2483-09.2009
    Language: English
    Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A nonsense TMEM43 variant leads to disruption of connexin-linked function and autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2021
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 118, No. 22 ( 2021-06)
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 118, No. 22 ( 2021-06)
    Abstract: Genes that are primarily expressed in cochlear glia-like supporting cells (GLSs) have not been clearly associated with progressive deafness. Herein, we present a deafness locus mapped to chromosome 3p25.1 and an auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) gene, TMEM43 , mainly expressed in GLSs. We identify p.(Arg372Ter) of TMEM43 by linkage analysis and exome sequencing in two large Asian families segregating ANSD, which is characterized by inability to discriminate speech despite preserved sensitivity to sound. The knock-in mouse with the p.(Arg372Ter) variant recapitulates a progressive hearing loss with histological abnormalities in GLSs. Mechanistically, TMEM43 interacts with the Connexin26 and Connexin30 gap junction channels, disrupting the passive conductance current in GLSs in a dominant-negative fashion when the p.(Arg372Ter) variant is introduced. Based on these mechanistic insights, cochlear implant was performed on three subjects, and speech discrimination was successfully restored. Our study highlights a pathological role of cochlear GLSs by identifying a deafness gene and its causal relationship with ANSD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019681118
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2021
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    SSG: 11
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dirac electrons in a dodecagonal graphene quasicrystal
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2018
    In:  Science Vol. 361, No. 6404 ( 2018-08-24), p. 782-786
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 361, No. 6404 ( 2018-08-24), p. 782-786
    Abstract: Quantum states of quasiparticles in solids are dictated by symmetry. We have experimentally demonstrated quantum states of Dirac electrons in a two-dimensional quasicrystal without translational symmetry. A dodecagonal quasicrystalline order was realized by epitaxial growth of twisted bilayer graphene rotated exactly 30°. We grew the graphene quasicrystal up to a millimeter scale on a silicon carbide surface while maintaining the single rotation angle over an entire sample and successfully isolated the quasicrystal from a substrate, demonstrating its structural and chemical stability under ambient conditions. Multiple Dirac cones replicated with the 12-fold rotational symmetry were observed in angle-resolved photoemission spectra, which revealed anomalous strong interlayer coupling with quasi-periodicity. Our study provides a way to explore physical properties of relativistic fermions with controllable quasicrystalline orders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.aar8412
    RVK:
    TA 1000
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    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Amygdala depotentiation and fear extinction
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2007
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 104, No. 52 ( 2007-12-26), p. 20955-20960
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 104, No. 52 ( 2007-12-26), p. 20955-20960
    Abstract: Auditory fear memory is thought to be maintained by fear conditioning-induced potentiation of synaptic efficacy, which involves enhanced expression of surface AMPA receptor (AMPAR) at excitatory synapses in the lateral amygdala (LA). Depotentiation, reversal of conditioning-induced potentiation, has been proposed as a cellular mechanism for fear extinction; however, a direct link between depotentiation and extinction has not yet been tested. To address this issue, we applied both ex vivo and in vivo approaches to rats in which fear memory had been consolidated. A unique form of depotentiation reversed conditioning-induced potentiation at thalamic input synapses onto the LA (T-LA synapses) ex vivo . Extinction returned the enhanced T-LA synaptic efficacy observed in conditioned rats to baseline and occluded the depotentiation. Consistently, extinction reversed conditioning-induced enhancement of surface expression of AMPAR subunits in LA synaptosomal preparations. A GluR2-derived peptide that blocks regulated AMPAR endocytosis inhibited depotentiation, and microinjection of a cell-permeable form of the peptide into the LA attenuated extinction. Our results are consistent with the use of depotentiation to weaken potentiated synaptic inputs onto the LA during extinction and provide strong evidence that AMPAR removal at excitatory synapses in the LA underlies extinction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0710548105
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2007
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    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structural and biochemical insights into the role of testis-expressed gene 14 (TEX14) in forming the stable intercellular bridges of germ cells
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2015
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 112, No. 40 ( 2015-10-06), p. 12372-12377
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 112, No. 40 ( 2015-10-06), p. 12372-12377
    Abstract: Intercellular bridges are a conserved feature of spermatogenesis in mammalian germ cells and derive from arresting cell abscission at the final stage of cytokinesis. However, it remains to be fully understood how germ cell abscission is arrested in the presence of general cytokinesis components. The TEX14 (testis-expressed gene 14) protein is recruited to the midbody and plays a key role in the inactivation of germ cell abscission. To gain insights into the structural organization of TEX14 at the midbody, we have determined the crystal structures of the EABR [endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) and ALIX-binding region] of CEP55 bound to the TEX14 peptide (or its chimeric peptides) and performed functional characterization of the CEP55–TEX14 interaction by multiexperiment analyses. We show that TEX14 interacts with CEP55-EABR via its AxGPPx 3 Y (Ala793, Gly795, Pro796, Pro797, and Tyr801) and PP (Pro803 and Pro804) sequences, which together form the AxGPPx 3 YxPP motif. TEX14 competitively binds to CEP55-EABR to prevent the recruitment of ALIX, which is a component of the ESCRT machinery with the AxGPPx 3 Y motif. We also demonstrate that a high affinity and a low dissociation rate of TEX14 to CEP55, and an increase in the local concentration of TEX14, cooperatively prevent ALIX from recruiting ESCRT complexes to the midbody. The action mechanism of TEX14 suggests a scheme of how to inactivate the abscission of abnormal cells, including cancer cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1418606112
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2015
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    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical properties of T -waves generated by 2011 Tohoku earthquake
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2020
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 148, No. 4_Supplement ( 2020-10-01), p. 2688-2689
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 148, No. 4_Supplement ( 2020-10-01), p. 2688-2689
    Abstract: T-wave is an underwater acoustic wave generated by submarine earthquake and propagated to a long distance through the SOFAR channel. T-wave can be received by a hydrophone located in the minimum sound velocity layer of the SOFAR channel, and thus can be applied to the detection of submarine earthquake. In this study, the T-waves received by hydrophones installed at International Monitoring System hydroacoustic station, HA11 after being generated by 2011 Tohoku earthquake was analyzed to investigate the possibility of early tsunami warning. The station HA11 is located near Wake Island, about 3100 km from the epicenter of the Tohoku earthquake. Transmission losses as a function of frequency were predicted using a range-dependent acoustic model, RAM and used to predict the source spectral density of the T-wave. The results presented in this talk may be applied to the tsunami early warning system. [This research was supported by the Korea Meteorological Institute (Grant No. KMI2018-02510).]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.5147446
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Lactobacillus crispatus Limits Bladder Uropathogenic E. coli Infection by Triggering a Host Type I Interferon Response
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2022
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 119, No. 33 ( 2022-08-16)
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 119, No. 33 ( 2022-08-16)
    Abstract: Many urinary tract infections (UTIs) are recurrent because uropathogens persist within the bladder epithelial cells (BECs) for extended periods between bouts of infection. Because persistent uropathogens are intracellular, they are often refractive to antibiotic treatment. The recent discovery of endogenous Lactobacillus spp. in the bladders of healthy humans raised the question of whether these endogenous bacteria directly or indirectly impact intracellular bacterial burden in the bladder. Here, we report that in contrast to healthy women, female patients experiencing recurrent UTIs have a bladder population of Lactobacilli that is markedly reduced. Exposing infected human BECs to L. crispatus in vitro markedly reduced the intracellular uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) load. The adherence of Lactobacilli to BECs was found to result in increased type I interferon (IFN) production, which in turn enhanced the expression of cathepsin D within lysosomes harboring UPECs. This lysosomal cathepsin D–mediated UPEC killing was diminished in germ-free mice and type I IFN receptor–deficient mice. Secreted metabolites of L. crispatus seemed to be responsible for the increased expression of type I IFN in human BECs. Intravesicular administration of Lactobacilli into UPEC-infected murine bladders markedly reduced their intracellular bacterial load suggesting that components of the endogenous microflora can have therapeutic effects against UTIs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117904119
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bacteria-derived metabolite, methylglyoxal, modulates the longevity of C. elegans through TORC2/SGK-1/DAF-16 signaling
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2020
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 117, No. 29 ( 2020-07-21), p. 17142-17150
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 117, No. 29 ( 2020-07-21), p. 17142-17150
    Abstract: Gut microbes play diverse roles in modulating host fitness, including longevity; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying their mediation of longevity remain poorly understood. We performed genome-wide screens using 3,792 Escherichia coli mutants and identified 44 E. coli mutants that modulated Caenorhabditis elegans longevity. Three of these mutants modulated C. elegans longevity via the bacterial metabolite methylglyoxal (MG). Importantly, we found that low MG-producing E. coli mutants, Δhns E. coli , extended the lifespan of C. elegans through activation of the DAF-16/FOXO family transcription factor and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR mt ). Interestingly, the lifespan modulation by Δhns did not require insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling (IIS) but did require TORC2/SGK-1 signaling. Transcriptome analysis revealed that Δhns E. coli activated novel class 3 DAF-16 target genes that were distinct from those regulated by IIS. Taken together, our data suggest that bacteria-derived MG modulates host longevity through regulation of the host signaling pathways rather than through nonspecific damage on biomolecules known as advanced glycation end products. Finally, we demonstrate that MG enhances the phosphorylation of hSGK1 and accelerates cellular senescence in human dermal fibroblasts, suggesting the conserved role of MG in controlling longevity across species. Together, our studies demonstrate that bacteria-derived MG is a novel therapeutic target for aging and aging-associated pathophysiology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1915719117
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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