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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustic echo cancellation by short-time Fourier transform and cross-spectrum processing.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1996
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 99, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-04-01), p. 2505-2529
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 99, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-04-01), p. 2505-2529
    Abstract: Acoustic echo cancellers have problems in estimating room transfer functions (TFs) for acoustic echo paths when the conditions are noisy in the acoustic space. In this article, the possibility of estimating the room TFs is investigated by taking a time-frame-averaged cross spectrum(CS) between the input signals and error signals, which are composed of echo signals through the echo path and the surrounding noise. First, the short-time Fourier transforms (STFTs) and cross spectrum for both the input and error signals are taken. The TFs can be estimated from the ratio of the CS to the power spectrum of the input signal, since it can be expected that the time-frame-averaged CS components between the input signal and the surrounding noise will be zero. It was reconfirmed by computer simulation that the echo signals can be suppressed as the averaging process goes on, even in noisy conditions. The room TFs could be estimated as long as the S/N ratio was about 10 dB. This STFT-CS method requires more calculations than a time domain method, such as the RLS method; however, it can be implemented using general purpose FFT boards. Adaptation for rapid TF changes is going to be investigated in the near future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.415686
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1996
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Translocation and cleavage of myocardial dystrophin as a common pathway to advanced heart failure: A scheme for the progression of cardiac dysfunction
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2004
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 101, No. 19 ( 2004-05-11), p. 7381-7385
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 101, No. 19 ( 2004-05-11), p. 7381-7385
    Abstract: Advanced heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of death in developed countries. The mechanism underlying the progression of cardiac dysfunction needs to be clarified to establish approaches to prevention or treatment. Here, using TO-2 hamsters with hereditary dilated cardiomyopathy, we show age-dependent cleavage and translocation of myocardial dystrophin (Dys) from the sarcolemma (SL) to the myoplasm, increased SL permeability in situ , and a close relationship between the loss of Dys and hemodynamic indices. In addition, we observed a surprising correlation between the amount of Dys and the survival rate. Dys disruption is not an epiphenomenon but directly precedes progression to advanced HF, because long-lasting transfer of the missing δ- SG gene to degrading cardiomyocytes in vivo with biologically nontoxic recombinant adenoassociated virus (rAAV) vector ameliorated all of the pathological features and changed the disease prognosis. Furthermore, acute HF after isoproterenol toxicity and chronic HF after coronary ligation in rats both time-dependently cause Dys disruption in the degrading myocardium. Dys cleavage was also detected in human hearts from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy of unidentified etiology, supporting a scheme consisting of SL instability, Dys cleavage, and translocation of Dys from the SL to the myoplasm, irrespective of an acute or chronic disease course and a hereditary or acquired origin. Hereditary HF may be curable with gene therapy, once the responsible gene is identified and precisely corrected.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0401944101
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An STFT-CS method for estimation of temporarily changing room transfer functions under noisy conditions
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1996
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 100, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-10-01), p. 2809-2809
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 100, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-10-01), p. 2809-2809
    Abstract: A robust echo canceller using an STFT-CS (short-time Fourier transform and cross spectrum) method under noisy conditions was proposed [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99, 2505(A) (1996)]. This method is developed by using an algorithm which estimates the room transfer function (RTF) using a frame average of the cross spectrum between the input and error signals. Taking the cross-spectrum frame average reduces the RTF estimation errors produced by surrounding noise. The robustness and convergence properties of STFT-CS and other conventional methods under noisy conditions are investigated. STFT-CS is robust to surrounding noise, but it does not rapidly follow temporarily changing RTFs due to taking the frame average. Scattering waves from listeners (and/or talkers) cause significant changes in the RTF. Thus the scattering sound fields from a sphere are investigated as an initial step to develop an RTF prediction method for STFT-CS under noisy conditions. The time waveforms and frequency characteristics of the scattering waves are analyzed numerically, and the RTF prediction errors are evaluated experimentally for STFT-CS and conventional methods under noisy conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.416570
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1996
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cues for ‘‘front-back confusion.’’
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2003
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 113, No. 4_Supplement ( 2003-04-01), p. 2286-2286
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 113, No. 4_Supplement ( 2003-04-01), p. 2286-2286
    Abstract: Front-back confusion in the median plane disturbs sound image localization, especially for a sound image simulated using a transaural system and a dummy head. In the median plane, the spectral cue is a major cue for front-back discrimination. The front-back difference in HRTF characteristics between real heads and a dummy head was measured. For real heads, the frequency amplitude at 1.5 kHz with a front-source HRTF was significantly smaller than with a rear-source HRTF. In contrast, for the dummy head, no significant difference was found. Two signals band-limited up to 8 kHz in a subjective test were used: one had a dip amplitude frequency of −15 dB at 1.5 kHz on the frequency axis (characteristic of gfronth) and the other had a peak of 15 dB (characteristic of grearh) at the same frequency. A sound image reproduced by an actual frontal sound source and the signal with the peak was perceived ambiguously. A sound image reproduced by an actual rear sound source and the signal with the dip was perceived to be ambiguous.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4780594
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Rescue of hereditary form of dilated cardiomyopathy by rAAV-mediated somatic gene therapy: Amelioration of morphological findings, sarcolemmal permeability, cardiac performances, and the prognosis of TO-2 hamsters
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2002
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 99, No. 2 ( 2002-01-22), p. 901-906
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 99, No. 2 ( 2002-01-22), p. 901-906
    Abstract: The hereditary form comprises ≈1/5 of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and is a major cause of advanced heart failure. Medical and socioeconomic settings require novel treatments other than cardiac transplantation. TO-2 strain hamsters with congenital DCM show similar clinical and genetic backgrounds to human cases that have defects in the δ-sarcoglycan (δ-SG) gene. To examine the long-term in vivo supplement of normal δ-SG gene driven by cytomegalovirus promoter, we analyzed the pathophysiologic effects of the transgene expression in TO-2 hearts by using recombinant adeno-associated virus vector. The transgene preserved sarcolemmal permeability detected in situ by mutual exclusivity between cardiomyocytes taking up intravenously administered Evans blue dye and expressing the δ-SG transgene throughout life. The persistent amelioration of sarcolemmal integrity improved wall thickness and the calcification score postmortem. Furthermore, in vivo myocardial contractility and hemodynamics, measured by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization, respectively, were normalized, especially in the diastolic performance. Most importantly, the survival period of the TO-2 hamsters was prolonged after the δ-SG gene transduction, and the animals remained active, exceeding the life expectancy of animals without transduction of the responsible gene. These results provide the first evidence that somatic gene therapy is promising for human DCM treatment, if the rAAV vector can be justified for clinical use.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.022641799
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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