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  • The Royal Society  (7)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Degradation and detoxification of azo dyes with recombinant ligninolytic enzymes from Aspergillus sp. with secretory overexpression in Pichia pastoris
    The Royal Society ; 2020
    In:  Royal Society Open Science Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. 200688-
    Details
    In: Royal Society Open Science, The Royal Society, Vol. 7, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. 200688-
    Abstract: Ligninolytic enzymes, including laccase (Lac), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP), have attracted much attention in the degradation of contaminants. Genes of Lac (1827 bp), MnP (1134 bp) and LiP (1119 bp) were cloned from Aspergillus sp. TS-A, and the recombinant Lac (69 kDa), MnP (45 kDa) and LiP (35 kDa) were secretory expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115, with enzyme activities of 34, 135.12 and 103.13 U l −1 , respectively. Dyes of different structures were treated via the recombinant ligninolytic enzymes under the optimal degradation conditions, and the result showed that the decolourization rate of Lac on Congo red (CR) in 5 s was 45.5%. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis and toxicity tests further proved that the ligninolytic enzymes could destroy the dyes, both those with one or more azo bonds, and the degradation products were non-toxic. Moreover, the combined ligninolytic enzymes could degrade CR more completely compared with the individual enzyme. Remarkably, besides azo dyes, ligninolytic enzymes could also degrade triphenylmethane and anthracene dyes. This suggests that ligninolytic enzymes from Aspergillus sp. TS-A have the potential for application in the treatment of contaminants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2054-5703
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200688
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2787755-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thermal behaviour of walnut shells by thermogravimetry with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis
    The Royal Society ; 2018
    In:  Royal Society Open Science Vol. 5, No. 9 ( 2018-09), p. 180331-
    Details
    In: Royal Society Open Science, The Royal Society, Vol. 5, No. 9 ( 2018-09), p. 180331-
    Abstract: The present study introduces thermogravimetry with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (TG-GC-MS) at four different heating rates to investigate the activation energy and thermal degradation behaviour of walnut shell pyrolysis. The distributed activation energy model (DAEM) was applied to investigate the activation energy. According to values of the activation energy and the correlation coefficient by the DAEM, the activation energy (98.69–267.75 kJ mol −1 ) and correlation coefficient (0.914–0.999) were determined for pyrolysis of walnut shells. GC-MS was performed to investigate the pyrolysis products from walnut shells at different critical temperature points. More than 20 different substances were identified at different temperatures from GC-MS results. With the increasing pyrolysis temperature, furan, furfural, benzene and long chain alkanes were successively identified in different GC-MS experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2054-5703
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180331
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2787755-3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A new loading–unloading experimental method for simulating the change of mining-induced stress
    The Royal Society ; 2019
    In:  Royal Society Open Science Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 181964-
    Details
    In: Royal Society Open Science, The Royal Society, Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 181964-
    Abstract: Based on a self-developed triaxial seepage device, a new loading and unloading experimental method is proposed in this paper to eliminate sample variations. The results show that the strength of sandstone sample and the axial strain at failure increased with the increasing initial hydrostatic stress, but decreased with the increasing loading–unloading rate. Following the alternating loading–unloading test, the stress–strain curves of specimens advanced in wave form, the waves' volatility decreased and then increased. It is found that near the ultimate strength, volatility is the biggest, and the stability of waves’ volatility increased along with the increasing initial hydrostatic stress. The similarity of stress–strain curves between the conventional loading–unloading tests and the alternating loading–unloading tests increased along with the increasing initial hydrostatic stress and the increasing initial velocity for the alternating loading–unloading method. Along with the increasing initial hydrostatic stress, the failure behaviour of the sandstone samples tested under loading–unloading methods changed from a tensile state to a tensile-shear coexisting state, and finally to a fully shear failure state. The degree of failure modes increased with the increasing loading–unloading rate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2054-5703
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181964
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2787755-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A symplectic method for structure-preserving modelling of damped acoustic waves
    The Royal Society ; 2015
    In:  Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences Vol. 471, No. 2183 ( 2015-11), p. 20150105-
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, The Royal Society, Vol. 471, No. 2183 ( 2015-11), p. 20150105-
    Abstract: In this paper, a symplectic method for structure-preserving modelling of the damped acoustic wave equation is introduced. The equation is traditionally solved using non-symplectic schemes. However, these schemes corrupt some intrinsic properties of the equation such as the conservation of both precision and the damping property in long-term calculations. In the method presented, an explicit second-order symplectic scheme is used for the time discretization, whereas physical space is discretized by the discrete singular convolution differentiator. The performance of the proposed scheme has been tested and verified using numerical simulations of the attenuating scalar seismic-wave equation. Scalar seismic wave-field modelling experiments on a heterogeneous medium with both damping and high-parameter contrasts demonstrate the superior performance of the approach presented for suppression of numerical dispersion. Long-term computational experiments display the remarkable capability of the approach presented for long-time simulations of damped acoustic wave equations. Promising numerical results suggest that the approach is suitable for high-precision and long-time numerical simulations of wave equations with damping terms, as it has a structure-preserving property for the damping term.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1364-5021 , 1471-2946
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2015.0105
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209241-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1460987-3
    SSG: 11
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Untargeted metabolomics profiles delineate metabolic alterations in mouse plasma during lung carcinoma development using UPLC-QTOF/MS in MS E mode
    The Royal Society ; 2018
    In:  Royal Society Open Science Vol. 5, No. 9 ( 2018-09), p. 181143-
    Details
    In: Royal Society Open Science, The Royal Society, Vol. 5, No. 9 ( 2018-09), p. 181143-
    Abstract: In this work, an untargeted metabolomic method based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) in MS E (E represents collision energy) mode was exploited to determine the dynamic metabolic alterations in the plasma of male C57BL/6 mice during the onset and development of lung carcinoma. Plasma samples were collected from control and model mice (male C57BL/6 mice experimentally inoculated with the Lewis lung carcinoma cells) at 7 and 14 days post-inoculation (DPI). As a result, 15 dysregulated metabolites, including cholesterol sulphate, tiglylcarnitine, 1-palmitoylglycerophosphoinositol, 2-stearoylglycerophosphoinositol, stearoylcarnitine, PC(20:2(11Z,14Z)/16:0), PC(22:4(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/14:0), PC(22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/14:0), PC(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/16:0), 12,20-Dioxo-leukotriene B4, sphingosine 1-phosphate(d19:1-P), sphingomyelin(d18:0/16:1(9Z)), lysoPC(16:0), lysoPC(18:0) and lysoPC(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), were identified in the plasma of model mice with xenografts at both 7 and 14 DPI. All the altered metabolites associated with the onset and development of lung carcinoma were involved in the metabolism of glycerophospholipid, fatty acid, sphingolipid and arachidonic acid. The feasible utility of these endogenous biomarkers as potential diagnostic indicators was validated through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Collectively, these findings provide a systematic view of metabolic changes linked to the onset and development of lung carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2054-5703
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181143
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2787755-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Modulation of β-amyloid aggregation by graphene quantum dots
    The Royal Society ; 2019
    In:  Royal Society Open Science Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 190271-
    Details
    In: Royal Society Open Science, The Royal Society, Vol. 6, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 190271-
    Abstract: Misfolding and abnormal aggregation of β-amyloid peptide is associated with the onset and progress of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, modulating β-amyloid aggregation is critical for the treatment of AD. Herein, we studied the regulatory effects and mechanism of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) on 1–42 β-amyloid (Aβ 1–42 ) aggregation. GQDs displayed significant regulatory effects on the aggregation of Aβ 1–42 peptide as detected by thioflavin T (ThT) assay. Then, the changes of confirmations and structures induced by GQDs on the Aβ 1–42 aggregation were monitored by circular dichroism (CD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The in vitro cytotoxicity experiments further demonstrated the feasibility of GQDs on the regulation of Aβ 1–42 aggregation. Meanwhile, the structural changes of a Aβ 1–42 /GQDs mixture in different pH revealed that electrostatic interaction was the major driving force in the co-assembly process of Aβ 1–42 and GQDs. The proposed mechanism of the regulatory effects of GQDs on the Aβ 1–42 aggregation was also deduced reasonably. This work not only demonstrated the potential feasibility of GQDs as therapeutic drug for AD but also clarified the regulatory mechanism of GQDs on the Aβ 1–42 aggregation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2054-5703
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190271
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2787755-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An invertebrate-specific miRNA targeted the ancient cholinergic neuroendocrine system of oyster
    The Royal Society ; 2016
    In:  Open Biology Vol. 6, No. 8 ( 2016-08), p. 160059-
    Details
    In: Open Biology, The Royal Society, Vol. 6, No. 8 ( 2016-08), p. 160059-
    Abstract: Acetylcholine (ACh) is the main neurotransmitter in the cholinergic neuroendocrine system and plays an indispensable role in modulating diverse immune responses. As important transporters in choline uptake, choline transporter-like proteins (CTLs) can control ACh synthesis and release indirectly in multiple organisms. In this study, cgi-miR-2d, an invertebrate-specific miRNA in oyster Crassostrea gigas , is proved to repress the synthesis/release of ACh by targeting CgCTL1 and choline uptake in haemocytes during the early stage of pathogen infection. In short, an opposite expression pattern between CgCTL1 and cgi-miR-2d is observed during Vibrio splendidus infection, accompanied by changes in haemolymph ACh. In addition, the expression level of CgCTL1 is found to be significantly repressed after cgi-miR-2d overexpression in vivo , while both haemocyte choline and haemolymph ACh are also decreased simultaneously, similar to the finding in CgCTL1 knock-down assay. As a result, the expression of two tumour necrosis factor-like proteins and the bacteriostatic activity of oyster haemocytes are found to be altered significantly by either gain-of-function cgi-miR-2d or knock-down of CgCTL1. To our knowledge, this is the first miRNA identified in invertebrates that can target the ancient cholinergic system and augment immune response during infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2046-2441
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160059
    Language: English
    Publisher: The Royal Society
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2630944-0
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