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  • Latin America, Caribbean and Latino Studies  (6)
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  • Latin America, Caribbean and Latino Studies  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universidad Nacional de Colombia ; 2016
    In:  Earth Sciences Research Journal Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2016-10-01), p. 1-
    In: Earth Sciences Research Journal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2016-10-01), p. 1-
    Abstract: The eastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) is the focus of studies on eastward lateral extrusion of the latter’s crustal material. This study aims to explore the structural response of the QTP’s eastern crust–mantle to the extrusion, and the basis for the latter’s geological structure. Data on long-period magnetotelluric sounding of cross-tectonic units and Bouguer gravity were used to determine the physical structure of the crust–mantle at the plateau’s eastern margin. The findings are as follows: (i) the apparent density structure indicates extensive presence of a low-density material in the middle–lower crusts of the Songpan and Sichuan–Yunnan blocks at the QTP’s eastern margin. On the other hand, the Yangtze cratonic block (Sichuan Basin) contains a material with a significantly higher density. To the west of the Longmenshan–Panxi tectonic zones, and along the lower crust at 40–50 km depth, is an obvious low-density zone aligned in a northeast–southwest orientation; (ii) the electrical structural model spanning Songpan block–Longmenshan tectonic zone–Yangtze block reveals three distinct electrical structural units along the cross-section bounded by the Longmenshan tectonic zone. The first is the Songpan block, which has high and low resistivity at the shallow layer and middle–lower crusts, respectively. Next is the Yangtze craton, which has low and relatively higher resistivity at the shallow layer and middle–lower crusts, respectively. Third is the Longmenshan transitional tectonic zone, whose shallow layer and deep structure are characterized by an electrical structure with a thrust nappe towards the east, and a high-conductivity material extending to the lithospheric mantle, respectively; (iii) the apparent density and electrical structures indicate that the Panxi tectonic zone has a weakened structure in the lower crust; and (iv) physical properties of the QTP’s deep structure indicate that its eastern margin may contain a middle–lower crustal fluid material with the attributes of high conductivity and low density. Its distribution is closely related to the uplift mechanism and deep seismogenic activities at the QTP’s eastern margin. Estructura profunda e implicaciones geotectónicas del margen oriental del altiplano Qinghai-Tíbet ResumenEl margen oriental del altiplano Qinghai-Tíbet (QTP, del inglés Qinghai-Tibet Plateau) es el área de la extrusión lateral hacia el Este de material cortical. Este trabajo se enfoca en explorar la respuesta estructural de las capas superiores en el altiplano y las bases para su estructuración geológica. Se utilizó información magnetotelúrica y anomalías de Bouguer para determinar la respuesta geofísica de las capas superiores en el margen occidental del altiplano. Dentro de los principales resultados se tiene: (i) la distribución de la densidad aparente indica la presencia de material de baja densidad en las capas medias y bajas de los bloques Songpan y Sichuan-Yunnan en el Este del QTP. Por otro lado, el bloque cratónico Yangtze (en la cuenca Sichuan) contiene material con una mayor densidad. Al oeste de las zonas tectónicas Longmeshan-Panxi, y a lo largo de las capas inferiores, entre 40 y 50 kilómetros de profundidad, hay una zona de baja densidad con orientación noreste-suroeste. (ii) El modelo eléctrico que abarca el bloque Songpan, la zona tectónica Longmeshan y el bloque Yangtze, revela tres unidades a lo largo de la sección cruzada subordinada a la zona tectónica Longmenshan. La primera unidad está en el bloque Songpan, con alta resistividad en la capa superficial y baja en las capas media e inferiores. Luego aparece el cratón Yangtze, con baja resistividad en la superficie y resistividad media en las capas media e inferiores. La tercera unidad es la zona tectónica transicional de Longmenshan, cuya estructura superficial y profunda está caracterizada por una estructura eléctrica asociada a una falla de cabalgamiento hacia el Este y alta conductividad de material que se extiende hacia el manto litosférico. (iii) La densidad aparente y las estructuras eléctricas indican que la zona tectónica de Panxi está debilitada en las capas inferiores. (iv) las propiedades geofísicas de la estructura profunda del altiplano Qinghai-Tíbet muestran que su margen oriental puede contener un fluido de material en las capas bajas y medias con características de alta conductividad y baja densidad. Su distribución está interrelacionada con el mecanismo de elevación y las actividades sismogénicas profundas en el margen oriental del altiplano.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2339-3459 , 1794-6190
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233404-X
    SSG: 7,36
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universidad Nacional de Colombia ; 2017
    In:  Earth Sciences Research Journal Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2017-01-01), p. 17-
    In: Earth Sciences Research Journal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vol. 21, No. 1 ( 2017-01-01), p. 17-
    Abstract: To analyze the effects of the leakage recharge of the aquifer on the initial dewatering of coalbed methane wells, the mathematical seepage model of water in the coalbed considering the aquifer leakage was established by using the leakage coefficient according to the unsteady seepage theory. The model was solved after Laplace transform and the Stehfest numerical reverse inversion was used to obtain the solution in right space. Then, the log-log type curves of pressure and pressure derivative were created with new combinations of parameters. Based on the natural seepage mechanism, the influence of aquifer leakage on curve shape was judged. It is found that the radial flow ends earlier as the leakage coefficient increases. Moreover, it was proposed to obtain reservoir permeability, skin factor, and leakage coefficient by using type curve matching. The type curves are useful for quantitatively evaluating the level of leakage, thereby guiding the adjustment of the following production system for CBM wells. Curvas de solución y tipo para el modelo de filtración de capas carboníferas acuíferas con recarga de fugasResumenEste estudio estableció el modelo matemático de filtración de agua en una capa carbonífera al estimar la salida acuífera con el uso del coeficiente de fuga, de acuerdo con la teoría de filtración inestable, para analizar los efectos en la recarga de pérdida de fluidos de un acuífero en el drenado inicial para pozos de gas metano.  El modelo se resolvió tras usar la transformación Laplace y la inversión numérica Stehfest para encontrar la respuesta en el lugar indicado. Luego, se creó la representación algorítmica de la presión y la presión derivativa con nuevas combinaciones de parámetros. Se evaluó la influencia de la pérdida de fluido del acuífero en la forma de la curva con base al mecanismo físico de filtración. Se estableció que el flujo radial finaliza antes de que el coeficiente de pérdida de fluido se incremente. Además, se propone el uso de la curva tipo correspondiente para obtener la permeabilidad del reservorio, el factor de daño y el coeficiente de pérdida de fluido. Las curvas tipo son útiles para evaluar cuantitativamente el nivel de la pérdida de fluido, y de esta manera guiar el ajuste de un sistema de producción consecuente para pozos de gas metano de carbón.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2339-3459 , 1794-6190
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233404-X
    SSG: 7,36
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universidad Nacional de Colombia ; 2018
    In:  Earth Sciences Research Journal Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2018-07-01), p. 169-174
    In: Earth Sciences Research Journal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2018-07-01), p. 169-174
    Abstract: Fractures in Carboniferous volcanic rocks located at Zhongguai Area (China) highly influence the accumulation and productivity of oil and gas. As such, the study of development periods and genetic mechanisms of tectonic fractures could throw useful information regarding the evaluation and development of that reservoir. Their tectonic origins caused high-angle and oblique shear fractures. The primary orientation of those fractures appears close to EW (270°±10°), NW (300°±15°), NE (45°±15°), and SN (0°±10°). At least four fracture generations can be found in Carboniferous volcanic rocks at Zhongguai Area. Combined with a tectonic evolution, they are based on the segmentation relationship of the fracture fillings, the thermometry measurement of the fracture filling inclusion, and the acoustic emission, as well. Affected by a new horizontal principal stress, the opening and permeability of nearly EW fractures are the best. In this way, a priority in the development of well's patterns should be considered close to EW fractures. The pressure change in the process of exploitation may damage the reservoir permeability of fractured volcano rocks severely. Accordingly, well patterns should be adjusted to dynamic changes of permeability happened during the oilfield development since some differences have been detected in distinct fracture sets. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2339-3459 , 1794-6190
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233404-X
    SSG: 7,36
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universidad Nacional de Colombia ; 2019
    In:  Earth Sciences Research Journal Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2019-04-01), p. 157-162
    In: Earth Sciences Research Journal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vol. 23, No. 2 ( 2019-04-01), p. 157-162
    Abstract: Tectonic fractures are a significant factor for production of the Longmaxi formation in Dingshan area. The analyse of the distribution and development degree of tectonic fractures is the main research method in present-day. Based on the data of field outcrops and borehole core, the new method-binary method is put forward by rock fracture and energy value to decide tectonic fracture development. According to the method the fitting formula is offered between the relation of the value of rock fracture, energy and the fracture density. Compared the fracture density predictive value and the observed value of 15 wells, all wells relative error less than 25%. The prediction results are accurate. According to the fitting formula of fracture development and distribution in the study area are obtained. The results show that the fracture density is high as a whole of the Longmaxi formation in Dingshan area. Whole shows by south east to gradually reduce the trend of the north west. Supported the future of the oil and gas exploration to provide geological basis and guidance in Dingshan area.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2339-3459 , 1794-6190
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233404-X
    SSG: 7,36
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 5
    In: Earth Sciences Research Journal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2016-04-30), p. 1-10
    Abstract: 〈 p 〉 The Ordovician carbonatites of the Maigaiti slope have formed the conditions for the development of large oil and gas fields with karst reservoirs. This study systematically analyzed the isotopic characteristics of carbon, oxygen, and strontium and enrichment trace elements regularity to examine the geochemical features of the paleo-karstification products, various periods of paleo-karstification, and paleoenvironmental conditions of the Ordovician. Affected by terrigenous clasts, the Lianglitage Formation is composed of limestone with a relatively high 〈 sup 〉 87 〈 /sup 〉 Sr/ 〈 sup 〉 86 〈 /sup 〉 Sr value and a frequently fluctuating sea level, which exhibits an overall increasing-to-decreasing trend variation. Of all samples affected by the atmospheric freshwater leaching effect, δ 〈 sup 〉 18 〈 /sup 〉 O values were negative, and δ 〈 sup 〉 13 〈 /sup 〉 C values varied greatly toward both ends. The fissure/cave infills were rich in Fe and Mn but poor in Sr, and the Sr/Ba value was considerably less than 1, which confirms the existence of ancient weathered crust and the development of an atmospheric freshwater karst environment. Four different paleo-karstification periods were identified according to the carbon and oxygen isotopic characteristics of calcite. Combined with the trace element characteristics of the infills, the paleo-karstification in the Yingshan Formation was subdivided based on three hydrological environment conditions. Erosion modification of buried acid compaction-released water from late-period corrosion pores, caves, and fissures formed by syndiagenetic paleo-karstification and weathered crust bare paleo-karstification due to atmospheric freshwater leaching can significantly improve the reserving and permeability characteristics of the karst reservoir to develop a large paleokarst reservoir. 〈 /p 〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2339-3459 , 1794-6190
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233404-X
    SSG: 7,36
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Universidad Nacional de Colombia ; 2018
    In:  Earth Sciences Research Journal Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2018-04-01), p. 113-118
    In: Earth Sciences Research Journal, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2018-04-01), p. 113-118
    Abstract: The reservoir structural fractures have excellent fractal characteristics, as well as self-similarities. Based on the fractal theory, the surface fractal characteristics of faults and the fractal characteristic of fractures in the core of the Xujiahe Formation in the Fault-Fold Belt of the central Yuanba area were studied, and a quantitative relationship was set up between them. Based on the fractal characteristics of faults, predictions were made of the favorable fracture zone, which provides a new idea for the research of fracture, as well as offers theoretical references for exploring the fracture development zone during oil-gas exploration. The results show the following: the seismic value of reflection fault fractal dimension of the Xujiahe Formation is 1.5284; the correlation coefficient R2 is bigger than 0.9901; the capacity dimension linear regression correlation coefficient of the fracture in core of the Xujiahe Formation is bigger than 0.98; the fractal dimension D can well reflect the fault and fracture development degree, as well as the complexity of the fracture system; it can quantitatively calculate the density of the fracture of the reservoir in the area; the areas of capacity dimension bigger than 1.45 are the fracture development zones in the Fault-Fold Belt of the central Yuanba area; the oil and gas enrichment degree is high; the areas with the fractal dimension value between 0.95 and 1.45 are the fracture relatively-developed zones; the fractal dimension with values smaller than 0.95 are the lack of fracture areas. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2339-3459 , 1794-6190
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2233404-X
    SSG: 7,36
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
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