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  • Wiley  (11)
  • International and interdisciplinary legal research  (11)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DNA profiling from human bone cells in the absence of decalcification and DNA extraction
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 67, No. 4 ( 2022-07), p. 1690-1696
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 67, No. 4 ( 2022-07), p. 1690-1696
    Abstract: Bone cells are a suitable substrate for DNA analysis if required to identify the person from whom a sample was taken. Osteocytes, the most abundant cell type in bone, are embedded within mineralized bone matrix. To release DNA from osteocytes for subsequent analyses, either demineralization of the mineral matrix or an overnight incubation is routinely carried out. In this study, we report on a simplified and rapid approach to analyze preserved bone samples that omits this lengthy decalcification process. Nine tibial bone samples were processed to release matrix‐free bone cells after fragmentation without the use of liquid nitrogen. Cell morphology was assessed by microscopy at 220× magnification following staining with Diamond ™ Nucleic Acid Dye. Based on the presence of stained nuclei, samples were processed either using a DNA extraction process or by a semi‐direct PCR process. The analysis of the quantity and quality of DNA isolated by both methods was carried out by real‐time PCR and STR profiling to assess inhibition of PCR and DNA degradation. All samples resulted in informative STR profiles with minimal indication of inhibitors. These results demonstrate a potential approach of STR profiling from matrix‐free bone cells within 8 hours without decalcification and DNA extraction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.v67.4
    DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15033
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Persistence of cellular material after exposure to water
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley
    Abstract: Disposing of items of forensic relevance in bodies of water is one countermeasure offenders can use to avoid detection. The impact of immersion in water has been explored for blood, saliva, and semen; however, few studies have assessed touch DNA. Here we report on the effect of exposure to water on the persistence of touch DNA over prolonged periods of time. To evaluate the persistence of cells from touch DNA, after water exposure, three substrates and two water types were tested: plastic, metal, and ceramic, submerged into seawater or tap water. Diamond™ Nucleic Acid Dye was used to stain cells deposited by touch. Cell counts before and after water exposure were compared to investigate cell loss over time, ranging from 6 hours to 5 days. A logarithmic increase in the percent of cells lost was observed over time when the data for substrate and water type conditions were combined. Substrate type influenced the persistence of cells, with the metal substrate retaining cells longer than plastic or ceramic. The influence of water type appeared dependent on the substrate, with varied cell persistence on metal whereas plastic and ceramic recorded similar cell loss over time between water types. The ability to visualize cells after exposure to water could assist in triaging evidence within operational forensic laboratories and allow for targeted sampling. This proof‐of‐concept study demonstrated that greater than 50% of cells can persist on various items submerged in aqueous environments for at least 5 days, highlighting the possibility for downstream DNA testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15316
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Species Identification of Kachuga tecta Using the Cytochrome b Gene
    Wiley ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 51, No. 1 ( 2006-01), p. 52-56
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 51, No. 1 ( 2006-01), p. 52-56
    Abstract: ABSTRACT: A DNA technique has been established for the identification to species level of tortoises. The test on the shell of the animal was used to identify samples from the species Kachuga tecta . A total of 100 tortoise shell specimens collected from the National Council of Agriculture (COA), Taiwan, were used in this study. Primer pairs were designed to amplify partial DNA fragments of cytochrome b within the mitochondrial genome. The DNA data showed that among the 100 samples, there were four distinct haplotype DNA sequences, within which there were a total of 90 variable sites. Between haplotypes I and II, there was only 1 nucleotide difference at position 228. Between haplotypes I and III, 65 nucleotide differences were observed; haplotypes I and IV, 62 nucleotide differences; and haplotypes III and IV, 56 nucleotide differences were observed. There were 66 and 63 nucleotide differences between haplotypes II and III and haplotypes II and IV respectively. All four haplotypes were compared with the DNA sequences held at the GenBank and EMBL databases. The most similar species were K. tecta (haplotype I and II), Morenia ocellata (haplotype III) and Geoclemys hamiltonii (haplotype IV), and their respective mtDNA similarities were 99.5%, 99.3%, 89.9% and 99.5%. However, as haplotype III was only 89.9% homologous with M. ocellata , it would seem that this haplotype shows only a limited relationship with a similar species registered currently in these databases. The method established by this study is an additional method for the identification of samples protected under Convention International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) and will improve the work for the preservation of the endangered species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.2006.51.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2005.00004.x
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Forensic Applications of Infrared Imaging for the Detection and Recording of Latent Evidence
    Wiley ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 52, No. 5 ( 2007-09), p. 1148-1150
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 5 ( 2007-09), p. 1148-1150
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.2007.52.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00502.x
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    REFERENCE: HuffmanJE, WallaceJR. Wildlife forensics: methods and applications. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2012, 370 pp.
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 58, No. 4 ( 2013-07), p. 1112-1112
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 58, No. 4 ( 2013-07), p. 1112-1112
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.2013.58.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12194
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Direct PCR Improves the Recovery of DNA from Various Substrates
    Wiley ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 60, No. 6 ( 2015-11), p. 1558-1562
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 60, No. 6 ( 2015-11), p. 1558-1562
    Abstract: This study reports on the comparison of a standard extraction process with the direct PCR approach of processing low‐level DNA swabs typical in forensic investigations. Varying concentrations of control DNA were deposited onto three commonly encountered substrates, brass, plastic, and glass, left to dry, and swabbed using premoistened DNA‐free nylon FLOQswabs ™ . Swabs ( n  = 90) were either processed using the DNA IQ ™ kit or, for direct PCR, swab fibers (~2 mm 2 ) were added directly to the PCR with no prior extraction. A significant increase in the height of the alleles ( p  〈  0.005) was observed when using the direct PCR approach over the extraction methodology when controlling for surface type and mass of DNA deposited. The findings indicate the potential use of direct PCR for increasing the PCR product obtained from low‐template DNA samples in addition to minimizing contamination and saving resources.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.2015.60.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12843
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Use of a Spray Device to Locate Touch DNA on Casework Samples
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 65, No. 4 ( 2020-07), p. 1280-1288
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 65, No. 4 ( 2020-07), p. 1280-1288
    Abstract: The use of a fluorescent dye to visualize cellular material on surfaces offers a targeted sampling approach for locating touch DNA on casework items. However, the current application of such dye is not feasible for examination of relatively large items. As a result, development of an efficient dye application system is required to translate this approach into practice. Here, the spray pattern (area covered, intensity, and evenness) of 15 different commercial spray devices was examined visually using food coloring. From this, five devices were selected to apply Diamond Nucleic Acid Dye (DD) to three substrates (glass slide, plastic sheet, and brown packing tape) seeded with saliva and touch DNA. The cellular material was visualized using the Dino‐lite Microscope and Polilight. The inhibitory effects of DD afforded by each spray device were examined using Identifiler Plus ® DNA profiling kit and a DNA input of 800 pg. The two most promising devices were further tested on a range of mock casework items seeded with touch DNA. The results presented demonstrate the feasibility of a spray system to apply DD to large surfaces and subsequently detect cellular material at both micro and macroscale. Specifically, the data suggest that a pressurized continuous‐spray system is favorable and that droplet size influences the intensity of fluorescence and surface coverage. Furthermore, this study indicates that full STR profiles can be obtained following spraying with DD solution, even with excessive application, which is essential for the widespread use of these devices in casework.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.v65.4
    DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14304
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analysis of rapid HIT application to touch DNA samples
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 67, No. 3 ( 2022-05), p. 1233-1240
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 67, No. 3 ( 2022-05), p. 1233-1240
    Abstract: Rapid DNA technology is being utilized for reference profiles worldwide. There is also strong data in the literature to support its use for high‐template DNA sources, the same is not true for low‐template sources, such as touch DNA; this is a requirement before wider implementation to forensic casework is considered. We report on the Rapid HIT Intel cartridge's ability to facilitate successful amplification of touch DNA to obtain profiles from template deposited on items commonly encountered in forensic casework. Eight items were touched in ten replicates— two were tapelifted, three swabbed, and three directly inserted. Significance was observed in the alleles amplified and RFU with respect to sample type. Three samples performed well: cable tie, fabric, and matchstick. As two of these were directly inserted, this should be considered for any sample small enough. Placement of highly absorbent substrates into the cartridge is not advised as it can cause a lysate‐pull error. Heterozygote loci often presented as homozygous (32%–78% loci per profile); this was influenced by substrate type and profile RFU. Loci with larger masses exhibited higher false homozygosity also. Comparison of the donor's profile analyzed was performed against previous datasets analyzing touch DNA through standard workflow, including manual DNA extraction, PCR, and CE separation. These data show that for all substrates, except for a fabric swatch, standard processing is preferential to Rapid HIT analysis. In its current form, rapid DNA technology is not fit for the routine analysis of touch DNA samples in forensic casework.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.v67.3
    DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14964
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Monitoring cell loss through repetitive deposition
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 67, No. 6 ( 2022-11), p. 2453-2457
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 67, No. 6 ( 2022-11), p. 2453-2457
    Abstract: Touch DNA deposited on items can be visualised by using fluorescent nucleic acid staining dyes. It might be expected that if a person contacts items multiple times, then at each contact fewer cells should be transferred and deposited. Here we report on the use of Diamond Dye (DD) to monitor any reduction in cellular deposition during multiple contacts. A volunteer, who was assigned as a heavy shedder, was asked to deposit a thumbprint using both left and right thumbs for 15 s onto separate clean glass slides. Thumbprints were collected in triplicate with each mark made for 15 s. Immediately after deposition, a second and then third mark was made in the same way. The three consecutive depositions were repeated 30 times to create 90 tested thumbprints. The number of cells within each entire thumbprint was scored using a cell‐counting program, developed in‐house. The number of cells deposited by the second and third depositions showed a decrease in the cell number compared to the first deposition, by ~70% and ~85% respectively. There was no difference between the percentage of cell persistence from whole thumbprints (16 frames) compared to only scoring part of thumbprints (4 frames). The data obtained provide insight into how cells are deposited by touch and how many cells remain on the thumb for subsequent contact events. Such information may account for cell deposition when performing actions (e.g. loading a firearm or repetitively opening a closing zip‐lock bag).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.v67.6
    DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15140
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Influence of Selected Fingerprint Enhancement Techniques on Forensic DNA Typing of Epithelial Cells Deposited on Porous Surfaces
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 61, No. S1 ( 2016-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 61, No. S1 ( 2016-01)
    Abstract: Fingerprints deposited at crime scene can be a source of DNA . Previous reports on the effects of fingerprint enhancement methods have focused mainly on fingermarks deposited in blood or saliva. Here, we evaluate the effects of fingerprint enhancement methods on fingerprints deposited on porous surfaces. We performed real‐time quantification and STR typing, the results of which indicated that two methods (iodine fuming and 1,2‐indanedione in ethyl acetate enhancement) had no effect on the quantity of DNA isolated and resultant STR alleles when compared to control samples. DNA quantities and allele numbers were lower for samples enhanced with silver nitrate and 1,2‐indanedione in acetic acid when compared to control samples. Based on DNA quantity, quality, and observable stochastic effects, our data indicated that iodine fuming and 1,2‐indanedione in ethyl acetate were the preferred options for the enhancement of fingerprints on porous surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jfo.2016.61.issue-S1
    DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12893
    RVK:
    XA 53670
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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