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  • Biodiversity Research  (3)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mediterranean ants can increase nymph mortality in the stink bug Nezara viridula without interfering with its egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata Vol. 171, No. 10 ( 2023-10), p. 739-744
    Details
    In: Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Wiley, Vol. 171, No. 10 ( 2023-10), p. 739-744
    Abstract: Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) play a relevant ecological role across terrestrial ecosystems. Recent studies suggest that the presence of ants in crops could lead to a decrease in the populations of insect pests, but how these actions can vary along the different trophic levels is not well known. The southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a cosmopolitan agricultural pest which is regularly found on horticultural agroecosystems closely associated with its main egg parasitoid, Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). We conducted laboratory experiments to test whether two Mediterranean ant species, the generalist predators Crematogaster scutellaris (Olivier) and Tapinoma magnum Mayr, attack N. viridula eggs or nymphs, and whether they interfere with the parasitization activity of T. basalis . The experiment showed that both ant species significantly increased the mortality of N. viridula nymphs, whereas they do not attack their eggs and do not interfere with the egg parasitoids. Our results suggest that ants and egg parasitoids may have an integrable role in biocontrol strategies against this pest.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0013-8703 , 1570-7458
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/eea.v171.10
    DOI: 10.1111/eea.13357
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2015286-3
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ant attendance does not necessarily imply protection of aphids from their arthropod natural enemies
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Ecological Entomology Vol. 48, No. 3 ( 2023-06), p. 384-388
    Details
    In: Ecological Entomology, Wiley, Vol. 48, No. 3 ( 2023-06), p. 384-388
    Abstract: Many ants and hemipterans are bound by a mutualistic relationship (trophobiosis) which represents an ecological keystone: ants receive food (honeydew) providing different kinds of protection. Partner protection against arthropod natural enemies is considered to be frequent and to interfere with biological control strategies of hemipteran pests. We carried out an ant‐exclusion field experiment in a fava bean ( Vicia faba ) plantation in Italy to monitor the abundance and behaviour of the ants ( Plagiolepis pygmaea , Tetramorium semilaeve and the exotic Nylanderia jaegerskioeldi ) and their relationship with facultative mutualist ( Aphis fabae ) and non‐mutualist ( Megoura viciae ) aphids, the arthropod natural enemies of the aphids, and extrafloral nectaries. Ants concentrated their activity on the attendance of facultative mutualist aphids much more than on the extrafloral nectaries. The ant‐exclusion treatment had no effect on the abundance of M. viciae and on the parasitization rate of A. fabae , while it reduced the abundance of A. fabae , aphid predators, and aphid parasitoids. Our results demonstrate that ant attendance does not imply the protection of aphids from arthropod natural enemies and suggest that the identity of the ant species involved is important for the outcome. As relatively few species have been studied in this regard, extending our knowledge to the role of more ant species is desirable to understand the ecology and evolution of ant‐aphid mutualisms and to refine integrated control strategies of aphid pests.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0307-6946 , 1365-2311
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/een.v48.3
    DOI: 10.1111/een.13226
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020189-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 196048-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DRUDIT: web-based DRUgs DIscovery Tools to design small molecules as modulators of biological targets
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Bioinformatics Vol. 36, No. 5 ( 2020-03-01), p. 1562-1569
    Details
    In: Bioinformatics, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 36, No. 5 ( 2020-03-01), p. 1562-1569
    Abstract: New in silico tools to predict biological affinities for input structures are presented. The tools are implemented in the DRUDIT (DRUgs DIscovery Tools) web service. The DRUDIT biological finder module is based on molecular descriptors that are calculated by the MOLDESTO (MOLecular DEScriptors TOol) software module developed by the same authors, which is able to calculate more than one thousand molecular descriptors. At this stage, DRUDIT includes 250 biological targets, but new external targets can be added. This feature extends the application scope of DRUDIT to several fields. Moreover, two more functions are implemented: the multi- and on/off-target tasks. These tools applied to input structures allow for predicting the polypharmacology and evaluating the collateral effects. Results The applications described in the article show that DRUDIT is able to predict a single biological target, to identify similarities among biological targets, and to discriminate different target isoforms. The main advantages of DRUDIT for the scientific community lie in its ease of use by worldwide scientists and the possibility to be used also without specific, and often expensive, hardware and software. In fact, it is fully accessible through the WWW from any device to perform calculations. Just a click or a tap can start tasks to predict biological properties for new compounds or repurpose drugs, lead compounds, or unsuccessful compounds. To date, DRUDIT is supported by four servers each able to execute 8 jobs simultaneously. Availability and implementation The web service is accessible at the www.drudit.com URL and its use is free of charge. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1367-4803 , 1367-4811
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz783
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468345-3
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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