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  • 1
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    Características da carcaça e da carne de novilhos de diferentes grupos genéticos alimentados em confinamento com diferentes proporções de grão de aveia e grão de sorgo no concentrado
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2002
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2002-09), p. 2024-2035
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 31, No. 5 ( 2002-09), p. 2024-2035
    Abstract: The objective of the experiment was to study the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of carcass and meat of steers of four genetic groups, Charolais (C), Nellore (N), crossbreds with predominance of C (3/4 C 1/4 N and 5/8 C 3/8 N - CRC) and crossbreds with predominance of N (3/4 N 1/4 C and 5/8 N 3/8 C - CRN), submitted to four feed treatments during the feedlot finishing phase, which were the following levels of substitution of sorghum grain (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) by oat grain (Avena strigosa) in the concentrate: 0%; 33%; 66% and 100%. The roughage used in the first 35 days of feedlot was sorghum silage (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), and in the last 32 days the corn silage (Zea mays) was used. The roughage:concentrate ratio during the whole feedlot was 60:40. No significant effect of substitution level was observed for carcass and meat characteristics. However, analysing the genetic group effect, it was observed that N animals showed lower slaughter and cold carcass weight than the other genetic groups, lower sidecut percentage and higher percentage of forequarter, not differing in the sawcut percentage. The C and CRC animals showed higher muscle percentage in the carcass and higher Longissimus dorsi muscle area in relation to N and CRN, but showed lower fat percentage in the carcass. The N showed meat with coarser texture, lower tenderness, when evaluated by Warner-Bratzler Shear, and higher thawing losses. No differences were observed among genetic groups for subcutaneous fat thickness, meat color, marbling, tenderness evaluated by the test panel, palatability, juiciness and cooking losses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982002000800018
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 2
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    Efeito do Grupo Genético e da Heterose nas Características Quantitativas da Carcaça de Vacas de Descarte Terminadas em Confinamento
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2002
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 31, No. 1 suppl ( 2002-01), p. 350-362
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 31, No. 1 suppl ( 2002-01), p. 350-362
    Abstract: Quantitative carcass traits of cull cows from two breeding systems, straightbreds (Charolais - C and Nellore - N) and crossbreds F1 ¹/2 CN and ¹/2 NC, were evaluated. The cows were feedlot finished and fed with a 10% crude protein diet with 65% roughage, sorghum silage, and 35% concentrate. Objective and subjective measurements were taken from the cold carcasses. Charolais females showed higher slaughter weight (522.6 vs 462 kg) and cold carcass weight (255.8 vs 237.5 kg), conformation score (10.7 vs 7.76 points) and Longissimus dorsi area (64.08 vs 55.92 cm²). Whereas the Nellore were superior in dressing percentage (51.31 vs 48.93%) and subcutaneous fat thickness (8.22 vs 4.59 mm). Crossbred F1 females were superior to the straightbreds for slaughter weight (525.7 vs 492.3 kg), cold carcass weight (269.8 vs 246.6 kg), dressing percentage (51.3 vs 51.12%), conformation score (9.84 vs 9.24 points) and subcutaneous fat thickness (7.77 vs 6.40 mm), being the heterosis values 6.78, 9.41, 2.35, 6.49, and 21.40%, respectively. Crossing Charolais and Nellore resulted in cull cows with carcasses with high weight, good conformation and high degree of subcutaneous fat.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982002000200009
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 3
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    Efeitos de Raça e Heterose na Composição Física da Carcaça e na Qualidade da Carne de Novilhos da Primeira Geração de Cruzamento entre Charolês e Nelore
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2002
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 31, No. 1 suppl ( 2002-01), p. 376-386
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 31, No. 1 suppl ( 2002-01), p. 376-386
    Abstract: Carcass characteristics of 463 steers, born during 1984 to 1996, from two breeding systems: straightbreds (S) and F1 crossbreds were studied. The S breeding system included the 188 Charolais (C) and 125 Nellore (N) steers and the F1 included 72 1/2 C 1/2 N and 78 1/2 N 1/2 C steers. F1 steers were superior than the purebreds in carcass fat percentage, muscle / bone relation, muscle + fat / bone relation and marbling score, being heterosis levels of 3.33, 2.92, 3.67, and 23.64%, respectively. Comparing the two breeding systems, it was observed that the straightbred animals were superior than F1 in carcass muscle percentage, being the heterosis level of -3.08%. Within the S breeding system the Charolais showed higher carcass muscle percentage (68.4 vs. 64.4%), muscle / bone relation (3.57 vs. 3.29), muscle + fat / bone relation (4.43 vs. 4.30), texture (3.80 vs. 3.58 points), tenderness (6.81 vs. 4.89 points), flavor (5.82 vs. 5.41 points) and juiciness (6.28 vs. 5.66 points), while the Nellore steers showed higher values for carcass fat percentage (19.6 vs. 16.3%), carcass bone percentage (19.7 vs. 19.2%), Shear force (9.29 vs. 6.01 kg), thawing losses (8.54 vs. 6.79%) and cooking losses (30.72 vs. 28.12%). The crossbreeding between Charolais and Nellore resulted in positive heterosis and additive genetic complementarily for carcass and meat characteristics important to the slaughterhouses and to the consumers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982002000200012
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 4
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    Substituição do grão de sorgo por casca de soja na dieta de novilhos terminados em confinamento
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2004
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2004-08), p. 1009-1015
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2004-08), p. 1009-1015
    Abstract: The objetive of the experiment was to evaluate the effect on animal performace of the addition of soybean hulls in substitution to sorghum grain in the concentrate fraction of the diet of feedlot finished steers from of 19 to 23 months of age. The treatments were the different levels of substitution of sorghum grain by soybean hulls: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. The diet with roughage: concentrate ratio of 60:40, contained 12% crude protein. Analyzing the data by regression, a quartic behavior was verified for daily weight gain and feed conversion, with values of 1.040, 1.242, 1.167, 1.264 and 1.208 kg for daily weight gain and of 8.490, 7.340, 7.611, 7.029 and 7.201 for feed conversion, respectively, for the 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% substitution levels of sorghum by soybean hulls. Linear behavior was observed for daily dry matter intake per 100 kg of live weight, with values of 2.43, 2.46, 2.40, 2.37 and 2.32%, and per metabolic weight, with values of 106.5, 107.6, 105.4, 104.4 and 102.2 g, respectively. The contrast analysis demonstrated that animals fed with diets that included soybean hulls showed better weight gain and feed conversion than those fed with the diet that included only sorghum.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982004000400021
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2004
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  • 5
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    Avaliação da silagem de diferentes híbridos de milho (Zea mays, L.) por meio do desempenho de bezerros confinados em fase de crescimento
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2004
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2004-08), p. 1016-1028
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2004-08), p. 1016-1028
    Abstract: The objective of the experiment was to evaluate, through feedlot performance of calves, three corn hybrids (Zea mays, L.): Agroceres AG-5011, Braskalb XL-344 and Cargill C-806. For the evaluation, 27 Nellore x Charolais non-castrated crossbred males with average age of 10 months and average initial weight of 252 kg, were used. The animals were fed during 84 days, divided in four periods of 21 days. The hybrids silages tested represented 70% of the dry matter offered. No significant interaction of corn hybrids with evaluation period was observed for the different parameters. The diet that included the AG-5011, resulted in higher voluntary dry matter intake expressed per 100 kg of live weight and metabolic size, and higher average daily intake of ADF expressed in the different forms, in relation to XL-344 and C-806, which were similar to each other. The diets that included the AG-5011, XL-344 and C-806 silages showed similar dry matter intakes expressed as kg/animal/day (6.73; 6.05; and 6.19), NDF expressed as kg/animal/day (3.054; 2.837; and 2.836) and digestible energy expressed in the different forms, average daily weight gain (1.283; 1.219; and 1.249 kg), gain in body condition, feed conversion (5.26; 4.98; and 4.97) and energy efficiency (14.02; 13.68; and 13.21). The three hybrids are indicated as very good genetic materials for silage production, resulting in weight gain above 1.2 kg/animal/day when fed diets with roughage:concentrate ratio of 70:30.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982004000400022
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2004
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  • 6
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    Desempenho de novilhos Nelore alimentados com casca de soja ou farelo de gérmen de milho em substituição parcial ao milho moído
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2006
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2006-04), p. 569-575
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2006-04), p. 569-575
    Abstract: The objective of this trial was to study the partial replacement of ground corn with soybean hulls or corn germ meal in diets containing sunflower meal and urea as nitrogen sources and corn silage as forage for confined Nellore steers. Twenty-one steers averaging 25 months of age and 343 kg of initial body weight were assigned to diets containing a forage:concentrate ratio of 60:40. The period for measurements of intake and weight gain lasted 97 days. No significant differences were observed for intakes of dry matter (10.78, 9.73, and 10.62 kg/day), crude protein (1.40, 1.22, and 1.41 kg/day), and neutral detergent fiber (3.41, 3.89, and 3.60 kg/day), respectively, for diets containing ground corn, soybean hulls, and corn germ meal. However, intake of acid detergent fiber was highest (0.71% BW) for steers consuming the diet that soybean hulls replaced 70% of ground corn. Weight gain did not differ averaging 1.35, 1.29, and 1.32 kg/day feeding ground corn, soybean seed hulls, and corn germ meal, respectively. In addition, no significant differences were observed for feed conversion (7.88 kg of DMI/kg of weight gain), feed efficiency (0.12 weight gain/kg of DMI), and carcass dressing (54.52%) across treatments. It can be concluded that soybean hulls and corn germ meal can partially replace ground corn in diets for confined steers because both production and carcass dressing were maintained.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982006000200033
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 7
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    Desempenho e características de carcaça de bovinos Nelore em confinamento alimentados com bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e diferentes fontes energéticas
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2006
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 35, No. 5 ( 2006-10), p. 2050-2057
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 35, No. 5 ( 2006-10), p. 2050-2057
    Abstract: The objective of this trial was to evaluate weight gain and carcass traits of feedlot Nellore fed diets containing sugarcane bagasse and one of the following concentrate sources: corn germ meal, soybean hulls or citrus pulp that partially (50% DM) replaced ground corn in the diet. The four experimental diets were formulated to yield a forage:concentrate ratio of 39:61. Forty Nellore animals averaging 340 kg of body weight and 32 months of age at the beginning of the trial were used. No significant differences on final weight (470.8, 478.6, 476.4, and 475.3 kg), weight gain (1.1, 1.1, 1.1, and 1.2 kg.animal-1.day-1), carcass yield (55.3, 55.3, 54.0 and 54.8%), Longissimus area (24.2, 23.0, 25.0, and 23.2 cm².100 kg-1 of carcass), and backfat thickness (4.4, 5.6, 4.7, and 4.4 mm) were observed among the four concentrate sources. The lowest cost per arroba was observed when ground corn was partially replaced by citrus pulp (R$ 44.20) followed by corn germ meal (R$ 48.80) and soybean hulls (R$ 50.80); the diet containing only ground corn as the energy source had the greatest cost per arroba produced (R$ 51.80). It can be concluded that ground corn can be partially replaced by corn germ meal, soybean hulls or citrus pulp in diets for feedlot Nellore also receiving hydrolyzed sugar cane bagasse with no detrimental effects in weight gain and carcass traits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982006000700024
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 8
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    Desempenho na fase de crescimento de machos bovinos inteiros ou castrados de diferentes grupos genéticos
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2000
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2000-08), p. 1036-1043
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2000-08), p. 1036-1043
    Abstract: The objective of the experiment was to evaluate, during the growth phase, the dry matter intake, weight gain and feed to gain conversion of young bulls and steers, castrated at eight month, from two breeding systems, straightbred (Charolais - C and Nellore - N) and crossbred (¹/2 CN, ¹/2 NC), as well as to measure the resulting heterosis. The animals were confined from nine to twelve months and fed a 15% crude protein diet and a 70:30 forage to concentrate ratio. There was no difference between bulls and steers for dry matter intake (DMI) in kg/animal.day (DMID), DMI per unit of metabolic weight (DMIM) and DMI per 100 kg of live weight (DMIP). The bulls showed a 13,7% higher average daily weight gain (ADG) and were more efficient in the feed to gain conversion (4.66 vs 4.99 kg of DMI/kg of gain) than the steers. The effect of castration on the weight gain was more pronounced in calves sired by C bulls (1.00 vs 1.19 kg) than in calves sired by N bulls (.91 vs .97 kg). The F1 animals showed higher ADG than the average of the straightbreds, resulting in 9.28% heterosis. The C calves presented higher DMID and ADG than the N. However, DMIM and DMIP were similar between the two straightbred groups. The F1 ¹/2 CN and ¹/2 NC animals did not show difference for the studied variables. The calves sired by C bulls were more efficient, in the feed to gain conversion, than the calves sired by N bulls.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982000000400013
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2000
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  • 9
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    Grão de aveia preta em substituição ao grão de sorgo para alimentação de novilhos na fase de terminação
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2003
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2003-04), p. 437-448
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2003-04), p. 437-448
    Abstract: The effect of four levels (0; 33; 66 and 100%) of substitution of sorghum grain (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) by oats grain (Avena strigosa) in the concentrate of diets for feedlot finishing steers, was studied. Steers (19 months old and initial weight of 381 kg) were fed a diet containing 60% roughage and 40% concentrate, formulated for ADG of 1.2 kg/animal. During the adaptation period of seven days and in the first half of the experimental period (35 days) the roughage used was sorghum silage (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) For the second half of the experimental period (32 days), the roughage used was corn silage (Zea mays). During the adaptation period, the diets with higher levels of oats promoted better animal performance, however, during the experimental period, the increase of oats proportion in the concentrate in substitution to sorghum grain resulted in a linear decrease of live weight gain (1.292; 1.251; 1.217 and 1.051 kg, respectively, for 0; 33; 66 and 100% of oats), as well as linear increase in the amount of feed consumed per kg of live weight gain (7.911; 8.000; 8.220 and 9.212, respectively). The decrease in live weight gain as the level of oats increased, was associated with the higher concentration of NDF (29.3 vs 16.1%) and lower concentration of digestible energy (3.179 vs 3.590 Mcal/kg) of oats compared to sorghum, which limited the dry matter intake and digestible energy intake/animal/day. The use of a roughage with better quality during the last half of the finishing period, provided uniformity of weight gain during the whole feedlot period, as a result of higher dry matter intake and digestible energy intake.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982003000200024
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2003
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  • 10
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    How do relocation time and length of storage after relocation affect fermentation and nutritive value of corn silage?
    Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ; 2023
    In:  Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia Vol. 52 ( 2023-02-14)
    Details
    In: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Vol. 52 ( 2023-02-14)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1516-3598 , 1806-9290
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.37496/rbz5220220059
    Language: English
    Publisher: Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
    Publication Date: 2023
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