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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interpretation biases and depressive symptoms among anxiety‐disordered children: The role of individual differences in respiratory sinus arrhythmia
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Developmental Psychobiology Vol. 63, No. 2 ( 2021-03), p. 320-337
    Details
    In: Developmental Psychobiology, Wiley, Vol. 63, No. 2 ( 2021-03), p. 320-337
    Abstract: Individual differences in interpretation biases—the tendency to interpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening—partially explain the presence of comorbid depressive symptoms among anxious youth. Increasing efforts have examined physiological processes that influence the association between interpretation biases and depressive symptoms in this population, and potential gender differences in this relationship. This study examined the moderating role of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) suppression (i.e., decrease from baseline)—an index of parasympathetic nervous system reactivity—in the association between interpretation biases and depressive symptoms in clinically anxious youth. One‐hundred‐and‐five clinically anxious children ( M age  = 10.09 years, SD  = 1.22; 56.7% female; 61.9% racial/ethnic minority) completed measures of self‐reported and behaviorally indexed interpretation biases, reported anxiety/depression symptom severity, and participated in a speech task. RSA suppression during the task moderated the association between interpretation biases and depressive symptom severity in the total sample. Separate exploratory moderation analyses were conducted among girls and boys. Among girls, RSA suppression moderated the association between behaviorally indexed interpretation biases and depressive symptoms, and marginally moderated ( p  = .067) the association between self‐reported interpretation biases and depressive symptoms. Among boys, RSA suppression was not a significant moderator. These findings may help identify clinically anxious youth most at‐risk for comorbid depressive symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1630 , 1098-2302
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/dev.v63.2
    DOI: 10.1002/dev.22002
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473800-4
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Photo-Tautomerization of Acetaldehyde to Vinyl Alcohol: A Potential Route to Tropospheric Acids
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2012
    In:  Science Vol. 337, No. 6099 ( 2012-09-07), p. 1203-1206
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 337, No. 6099 ( 2012-09-07), p. 1203-1206
    Abstract: Current atmospheric models underestimate the production of organic acids in the troposphere. We report a detailed kinetic model of the photochemistry of acetaldehyde (ethanal) under tropospheric conditions. The rate constants are benchmarked to collision-free experiments, where extensive photo-isomerization is observed upon irradiation with actinic ultraviolet radiation (310 to 330 nanometers). The model quantitatively reproduces the experiments and shows unequivocally that keto-enol photo-tautomerization, forming vinyl alcohol (ethenol), is the crucial first step. When collisions at atmospheric pressure are included, the model quantitatively reproduces previously reported quantum yields for photodissociation at all pressures and wavelengths. The model also predicts that 21 ± 4% of the initially excited acetaldehyde forms stable vinyl alcohol, a known precursor to organic acid formation, which may help to account for the production of organic acids in the troposphere.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.1220712
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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