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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ideas and perspectives: Carbon leaks from flooded land: do we need to replumb the inland water active pipe?
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2019
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2019-02-12), p. 769-784
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 16, No. 3 ( 2019-02-12), p. 769-784
    Abstract: Abstract. At the global scale, inland waters are a significant source of atmospheric carbon (C), particularly in the tropics. The active pipe concept predicts that C emissions from streams, lakes and rivers are largely fuelled by terrestrial ecosystems. The traditionally recognized C transfer mechanisms from terrestrial to aquatic systems are surface runoff and groundwater drainage. We present here a series of arguments that support the idea that land flooding is an additional significant process that fuels inland waters with C at the global scale. Whether the majority of CO2 emitted by rivers comes from floodable land (approximately 10 % of the continents) or from well-drained land is a fundamental question that impacts our capacity to predict how these C fluxes might change in the future. Using classical concepts in ecology, we propose, as a necessary step forward, an update of the active pipe concept that differentiates floodable land from drained land. Contrarily to well-drained land, many wetlands (in particular riparian and littoral wetlands) combine strong hydrological connectivity with inland waters, high productivity assimilating CO2 from the atmosphere, direct transfer of litter and exudation products to water and waterlogged soils, a generally dominant allocation of ecosystem respiration (ER) below the water surface and a slow gas-exchange rate at the water–air interface. These properties force plants to pump atmospheric C to wetland waters and, when hydrology is favourable, to inland waters as organic C and dissolved CO2. This wetland CO2 pump may contribute disproportionately to CO2 emissions from inland waters, particularly in the tropics where 80 % of the global CO2 emissions to the atmosphere occur. In future studies, more care must be taken in the way that vertical and horizontal C fluxes are conceptualized along watersheds, and 2-D models that adequately account for the hydrological export of all C species are necessary. In flooded ecosystems, significant effort should be dedicated to quantifying the components of primary production and respiration by the submerged and emerged part of the ecosystem community and to using these metabolic rates in coupled hydrological–biogeochemical models. The construction of a global typology of wetlands that includes productivity, gas fluxes and hydrological connectivity with inland waters also appears necessary to adequately integrate continental C fluxes at the global scale.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-16-769-2019
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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  • 12
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    Disentangling the origins of branched tetraether lipids and crenarchaeol in the lower Amazon River: Implications for GDGT-based proxies
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography Vol. 58, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 343-353
    Details
    In: Limnology and Oceanography, Wiley, Vol. 58, No. 1 ( 2013-01), p. 343-353
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0024-3590
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.2013.58.1.0343
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033191-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 412737-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
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  • 13
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    SPREADING EUTROPHICATION AND CHANGING CO2 FLUXES IN THE TROPICAL COASTAL OCEAN: A FEW LESSONS FROM RIO DE JANEIRO
    Arquivos de Ciências do Mar ; 2022
    In:  Arquivos de Ciências do Mar Vol. 55, No. Especial ( 2022-03-21), p. 461-476
    Details
    In: Arquivos de Ciências do Mar, Arquivos de Ciências do Mar, Vol. 55, No. Especial ( 2022-03-21), p. 461-476
    Abstract: In Brazil and in many other tropical countries, large urban cities and populations are still growing on the coast and coverage in terms of sewage treatments is far from desirable. Cultural eutrophication is not solely a threat for the coastal ocean; it is now acting as one of its major biogeochemical and ecological driver. Along the littoral of the state of Rio de Janeiro, semi-enclosed marine bays and lagoons show clear spatial and temporal pattern of increasing concentrations of chlorophyll a (Chl a), organic carbon, and nutrients in their waters and sediments in urbanized regions. Acting as a buffer, the nearshore ecosystems have turned highly eutrophic and their autotrophic metabolism has been enhanced creating strong carbon dioxide (CO2) sinks. We compile here data of CO2fluxes recently gathered in four coastal marine ecosystems in the state of Rio de Janeiro: the Guanabara Bay and the Araruama, Saquarema and Jacarepagua lagoons. We observed intense CO2 sources in restricted areas at the vicinity of sewage loads, where microbial degradation of organic matter predominates, and large CO2 sinks in confined and nearshore brackish, marine and hypersaline waters, where phytoplankton blooms occur. We also report a correlation across the four ecosystems between the partial pressure of CO2 in waters and the Chl a concentration. Chl a satellite data all along the Brazilian coast suggest that the CO2 sink induced by eutrophication probably occurs in many coastal ecosystems including bays, lagoon and shelf waters, and could contribute to an additional blue carbon. Part of the additional organic carbon is stored in sediments, and part is exported offshore. However, this additional blue carbon has dramatic environment impacts as it would evolve toward the formation of marine dead zones, and could contribute to a production of methane (CH4) a more powerful greenhouse gas. We emphasize an urgent need for multidisciplinary research to promote simultaneously the storage of atmospheric carbon, and the preservation of biodiversity and socio-economic goods in the eutrophic tropical coastal ocean. Keywords: tropical coastal ecosystems, cultural eutrophication, phytoplankton blooms, marine dead zones, blue carbon
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2526-7639 , 0374-5686
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.32360/acmar.v55iEspecial
    DOI: 10.32360/acmar.v55iEspecial.78518
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Arquivos de Ciências do Mar
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 730299-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2620465-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 14
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    COASTAL OCEAN ACIDIFICATION IN BRAZIL: A BRIEF OVERVIEW AND PERSPECTIVES
    Arquivos de Ciências do Mar ; 2022
    In:  Arquivos de Ciências do Mar Vol. 55, No. Especial ( 2022-03-21), p. 345-368
    Details
    In: Arquivos de Ciências do Mar, Arquivos de Ciências do Mar, Vol. 55, No. Especial ( 2022-03-21), p. 345-368
    Abstract: This perspective paper aims at presenting the current knowledge on the processes of ocean acidification (OA) and coastal acidification (CA) in the Brazilian coastal ocean. We define and differentiate the processes of OA and CA: the first driven by the actual global increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2); the second driven by a combination of ocean uptake of atmospheric CO2 and other local/regional chemical additions or subtractions in aquatic ecosystems at the land-ocean interface. Regarding OA, we have centered our analysis on the data available for the main water masses along the Brazilian coast: South Atlantic Central Water (SACW), Tropical Water (TW), and Coastal Water (CW). The few data available for the shallow coastal waters ( 〈 200 m depth) of the continental shelf reveal an increase in the anthropogenic component of the total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) pool in the SACW, with a decline in the ocean pH (over two decades; 1993-2013), and in the saturation state of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) minerals. We could not find OA trends for TW and CW because no data was available. Overall, the colder water masses (SACW, Plata Plume) have lower buffering capacity and simulations show that will potentially experience earlier negative OA impacts than the warmer waters masses (TW, Amazon Plume). Regarding CA, we have identified some local/regional studies investigating the carbonate chemistry in nearshore/estuarine ecosystems, particularly on the quantification of sources and sinks of CO2 , and determining short-term variabilities. Apparently, spreading coastal eutrophication in Brazil can enhances or reduces the process of OA, depending on the net ecosystem metabolism in combination with other chemical alterations. However, we could not find medium-long term acidification trends due to the limited data. There is a limited capacity to produce long time-series of carbonate chemistry parameters in key ecosystems and regions along the Brazilian coast. This lack of past information hinders and impairs the scientific community for identifying potential patterns of acidification along the Brazilian coast. We call for an urgent action in Brazil, with emphasis on the establishment of moored buoys/stations and/or scientific programs in the long term with continuous, real-time measurements of the main carbonate chemistry parameters. Keywords: ocean acidification, coastal acidification, coastal eutrophication, continental shelf, Southwestern Atlantic Ocean
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2526-7639 , 0374-5686
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.32360/acmar.v55iEspecial
    DOI: 10.32360/acmar.v55iEspecial.78514
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Arquivos de Ciências do Mar
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 730299-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2620465-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 15
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    Origin and composition of particulate organic matter in a macrotidal turbid estuary: The Gironde Estuary, France
    Elsevier BV ; 2012
    In:  Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science Vol. 108 ( 2012-8), p. 16-28
    Details
    In: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Elsevier BV, Vol. 108 ( 2012-8), p. 16-28
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2011.12.005
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466742-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 763369-5
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
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  • 16
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    Sources and sinks of dissolved inorganic carbon in an urban tropical coastal bay revealed by δ13C-DIC signals
    Elsevier BV ; 2019
    In:  Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science Vol. 220 ( 2019-05), p. 185-195
    Details
    In: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, Elsevier BV, Vol. 220 ( 2019-05), p. 185-195
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0272-7714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2019.02.048
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466742-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 763369-5
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
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  • 17
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    The dynamics of phosphorus in turbid estuarine systems: Example of the Gironde estuary (France)
    Wiley ; 2007
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2007-03), p. 862-872
    Details
    In: Limnology and Oceanography, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2007-03), p. 862-872
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0024-3590
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.2007.52.2.0862
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033191-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 412737-7
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 14
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  • 18
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    Carbon emission along a eutrophication gradient in temperate riverine wetlands: effect of primary productivity and plant community composition
    Wiley ; 2016
    In:  Freshwater Biology Vol. 61, No. 9 ( 2016-09), p. 1405-1420
    Details
    In: Freshwater Biology, Wiley, Vol. 61, No. 9 ( 2016-09), p. 1405-1420
    Abstract: Eutrophication increases primary productivity and favours the predominance of floating vegetation in wetlands. Carbon (C) fluxes in wetlands are strongly driven by primary productivity and can differ by vegetation type. However, to the best of our knowledge, the role of eutrophication in C fluxes has rarely been assessed. Consequently, we aimed to measure the seasonal variation in carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) and methane ( CH 4 ) fluxes at six aquatic sites in four temperate wetlands, ranging along a gradient of sediment total phosphorus content, and determine whether C fluxes correlate with above‐ground net primary productivity ( ANPP ) and plant community composition along this eutrophication gradient. Daytime CO 2 emissions were significantly and negatively correlated with wetland net primary productivity as a result of the greater C fixation by photosynthesis during the peak of production. Conversely, CH 4 emissions were significantly and positively correlated with wetland ANPP , possibly due to higher litter production and anaerobic decomposition. The highest CH 4 emissions were observed above floating vegetation, which favoured hypoxic conditions in the water column. CH 4 emissions including ebullition were higher above macroalgal belts than above vascular plants with floating leaves. CH 4 emissions without ebullition (i.e. resulting from plant transport and diffusion) better correlated with the abundance of macroalgae than with the abundance of vascular plants with floating leaves. Our results suggest that eutrophication may greatly modify CO 2 and CH 4 emissions from wetlands through changes in vegetation type and productivity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0046-5070 , 1365-2427
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/fwb.2016.61.issue-9
    DOI: 10.1111/fwb.12780
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020306-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 121180-8
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  • 19
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    The transformation of macrophyte‐derived organic matter to methane relates to plant water and nutrient contents
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography Vol. 64, No. 4 ( 2019-07), p. 1737-1749
    Details
    In: Limnology and Oceanography, Wiley, Vol. 64, No. 4 ( 2019-07), p. 1737-1749
    Abstract: Macrophyte detritus is one of the main sources of organic carbon (OC) in inland waters, and it is potentially available for methane (CH 4 ) production in anoxic bottom waters and sediments. However, the transformation of macrophyte‐derived OC into CH 4 has not been studied systematically, thus its extent and relationship with macrophyte characteristics remains uncertain. We performed decomposition experiments of macrophyte detritus from 10 different species at anoxic conditions, in presence and absence of a freshwater sediment, in order to relate the extent and rate of CH 4 production to the detritus water content, C/N and C/P ratios. A significant fraction of the macrophyte OC was transformed to CH 4 (mean = 7.9%; range = 0–15.0%) during the 59‐d incubation, and the mean total C loss to CO 2 and CH 4 was 17.3% (range = 1.3–32.7%). The transformation efficiency of macrophyte OC to CH 4 was significantly and positively related to the macrophyte water content, and negatively to its C/N and C/P ratios. The presence of sediment increased the transformation efficiency to CH 4 from an average of 4.0% (without sediment) to 11.8%, possibly due to physicochemical conditions favorable for CH 4 production (low redox potential, buffered pH) or because sediment particles facilitate biofilm formation. The relationship between macrophyte characteristics and CH 4 production can be used by future studies to model CH 4 emission in systems colonized by macrophytes. Furthermore, this study highlights that the extent to which macrophyte detritus is mixed with sediment also affects CH 4 production.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0024-3590 , 1939-5590
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/lno.v64.4
    DOI: 10.1002/lno.11148
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033191-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 412737-7
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  • 20
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    Denitrification and associated nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from the Amazonian wetlands
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2020
    In:  Biogeosciences Vol. 17, No. 16 ( 2020-08-28), p. 4297-4311
    Details
    In: Biogeosciences, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 17, No. 16 ( 2020-08-28), p. 4297-4311
    Abstract: Abstract. In this paper, we quantify the CO2 and N2O emissions from denitrification over the Amazonian wetlands. The study concerns the entire Amazonian wetland ecosystem with a specific focus on three floodplain (FP) locations: the Branco FP, the Madeira FP and the FP alongside the Amazon River. We adapted a simple denitrification model to the case of tropical wetlands and forced it by open water surface extent products from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite. A priori model parameters were provided by in situ observations and gauging stations from the HYBAM Observatory. Our results show that the denitrification and the trace gas emissions present a strong cyclic pattern linked to the inundation processes that can be divided into three distinct phases: activation, stabilization and deactivation. We quantify the average yearly denitrification and associated emissions of CO2 and N2O over the entire watershed at 17.8 kgN ha−1 yr−1, 0.37 gC-CO2 m−2 yr−1 and 0.18 gN-N2O m−2 yr−1 respectively for the period 2011–2015. When compared to local observations, it was found that the CO2 emissions accounted for 0.01 % of the integrated ecosystem, which emphasizes the fact that minor changes to the land cover may induce strong impacts on the Amazonian carbon budget. Our results are consistent with the state of the art of global nitrogen models with a positive bias of 28 %. When compared to other wetlands in different pedoclimatic environments we found that the Amazonian wetlands have similar emissions of N2O with the Congo tropical wetlands and lower emissions than the temperate and tropical anthropogenic wetlands of the Garonne (France), the Rhine (Europe) and south-eastern Asia rice paddies. In summary our paper shows that a data-model-based approach can be successfully applied to quantify N2O and CO2 fluxes associated with denitrification over the Amazon basin. In the future, the use of higher-resolution remote sensing products from sensor fusion or new sensors like the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will permit the transposition of the approach to other large-scale watersheds in tropical environments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1726-4189
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-4297-2020
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2158181-2
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