In:
Journal of Cell Science, The Company of Biologists
Abstract:
In eukaryotic cells, chromosomes are confined to the nucleus, which is compartmentalized by the nuclear membranes. The nuclear membranes are continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Maintaining the homeostasis of these membranes is an important cellular activity performed by lipid metabolic enzymes. However, how lipid metabolic enzymes affect nuclear membrane functions remains to be elucidated. We found that the very-long-chain fatty acid elongase Elo2 is localized in the nuclear membrane and prevents lethal defects associated with nuclear membrane ruptures in mutants of the nuclear membrane proteins Lem2 and Bqt4 in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Lipid composition analysis shows that t20:0/24:0 phytoceramide (a conjugate of C20:0 phytosphingosine and C24:0 fatty acid) is a major ceramide species in S. pombe. The quantity of this ceramide is reduced in the absence of Lem2, and restored by increased expression of Elo2. Furthermore, the loss of S. pombe Elo2 can be rescued by its human orthologs. These results suggest that the conserved very-long-chain fatty acid elongase producing the ceramide component is essential for nuclear membrane integrity and cell viability in eukaryotes.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1477-9137
,
0021-9533
Language:
English
Publisher:
The Company of Biologists
Publication Date:
2019
detail.hit.zdb_id:
219171-4
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1483099-1
SSG:
12
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