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  • CSIRO Publishing  (26)
  • Biodiversity Research  (26)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ART do not increase the risk of Y-chromosome microdeletion in 19 candidate genes at AZF regions
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2014
    In:  Reproduction, Fertility and Development Vol. 26, No. 6 ( 2014), p. 778-
    Details
    In: Reproduction, Fertility and Development, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 26, No. 6 ( 2014), p. 778-
    Abstract: Y-chromosome microdeletions (YCMs) have been found at a much higher rate in infertile men than fertile controls. A specific deletion in the azoospermia factor locus (AZF) at Yq11 is significantly associated with male infertility. Whether assisted reproductive technology (ART) increases the risk of YCM in ART-derived offspring remains unclear. In this study the occurrence of YCM in 199 fathers and their 228 sons (Chinese, Han ethnicity), including 85 offspring conceived by IVF, 73 by intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and 70 by natural conception, was investigated. Nineteen candidate genes related to YCM were analysed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. We identified one de novo YCM from 70 naturally-conceived offspring and none from 158 ART-conceived offspring and found no statistical significance between these two groups. There was no statistically-significant difference in the detection rate of the father’s Y-chromosome microdeletion group: IVF 10.7% (8/75), ICSI 3.2% (2/63), natural conception 8.2% (5/61). These results suggest that ART does not increase the risk of YCM in male offspring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1031-3613
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/RD13092
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2014
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chitosan and spermine enhance drought resistance in white clover, associated with changes in endogenous phytohormones and polyamines, and antioxidant metabolism
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2018
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2018), p. 1205-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2018), p. 1205-
    Abstract: The interaction of chitosan and polyamines (PAs) could be involved mitigating drought stress in white clover (Trifolium repens L.). This research aimed to determine the effect of chitosan and PAs, and co-application of chitosan and PAs on improving drought tolerance associated with growth, phytohormones, polyamines and antioxidant metabolism. Plants were pretreated with or without 1 g L–1 chitosan, 0.5 mM spermine, or 1 g L–1 chitosan + 0.5 mM spermine, then subjected to drought induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (–0.5 MPa) in growth chambers for 14 days. Exogenous chitosan and spermine improved the level of PAs by regulating arginine decarboxylases, S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase, copper-containing amine oxidase and polyamine oxidase activity, and expression of the genes encoding these enzymes under drought. Application of exogenous chitosan improved ABA content under normal and drought conditions. In addition, chitosan and spermine significantly enhanced the levels of cytokinin and GA, but reduced IAA levels during drought stress. Exogenous chitosan and spermine improved antioxidant defence, including enzyme activity, gene expression and the content of ascorbate and glutathione compounds, leading to a decline in superoxide anion radicals, H2O2 and malondialdehyde, effectively mitigating drought-induced oxidative damage. Other protective metabolites, such as total phenols and flavonoids, increased considerably under application of chitosan and spermine. These results suggest that chitosan-induced drought tolerance could be involved in PA metabolism, changes in endogenous phytohormones and antioxidant defence in white clover. Co-application of chitosan and spermine was more effective than either chitosan or spermine alone in mitigating drought stress.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP18012
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2018
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Andrographolide disrupts meiotic maturation by blocking cytoskeletal reorganisation and decreases the fertilisation potential of mouse oocytes
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Reproduction, Fertility and Development Vol. 29, No. 12 ( 2017), p. 2336-
    Details
    In: Reproduction, Fertility and Development, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 29, No. 12 ( 2017), p. 2336-
    Abstract: Andrographolide (AG) is a diterpenoid lactone isolated from the stem and leaves of Andrographis paniculata Nees that is used for the effective treatment of infectious diseases in Asian countries. Previous studies have reported adverse effects of AG on female fertility in rodents; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of AG on the IVM of mouse oocytes and their fertilisation potential. Immature oocytes incubated for 6, 14 or 24 h in medium containing 5, 10 or 20 μM AG showed time- and dose-dependent decreases in maturation rates compared with the control group. Immunostaining revealed that AG exposure disrupted spindle organisation and migration, as well as actin cap formation and cytokinesis. Furthermore, most oocytes exposed to 20 μM AG underwent apoptosis, and the few oocytes exposed to 5 or 10 μM AG that reached MII exhibited lower fertilisation rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The findings of the present study suggest that AG may disrupt mouse oocyte meiotic maturation by blocking cytoskeletal reorganisation, and may thus have an adverse effect on female fertility.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1031-3613
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/RD16343
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transcriptome identification of the resistance-associated genes (RAGs) to Aspergillus flavus infection in pre-harvested peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2013
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2013), p. 292-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2013), p. 292-
    Abstract: Pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination caused by Aspergillus favus is a major concern in peanut. However, little is known about the resistance mechanism, so the incorporation of resistance into cultivars with commercially-acceptable genetic background has been slowed. To identify resistance-associated genes potentially underlying the resistance mechanism, we compared transcriptome profiles in resistant and susceptible peanut genotypes under three different treatments: well watered, drought stress and both A. flavus and drought stress using a customised NimbleGen microarray representing 36 158 unigenes. Results showed that the profile of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) displayed a similar pattern of distribution among the functional classes between resistant and susceptible peanuts in response to drought stress. Under A. flavus infection with drought stress, a total of 490 unigenes involved in 26 pathways were differentially expressed in the resistant genotype YJ1 uniquely responding to A. flavus infection, in which 96 DEGs were related to eight pathways: oxidation reduction, proteolysis metabolism, coenzyme A biosynthesis, defence response, signalling, oligopeptide transport, transmembrane transport and carbohydrate biosynthesis/metabolism. Pathway analysis based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database showed that eight networks were significantly associated with resistance to A. flavus infection in resistant genotype YJ1 compared with susceptible Yueyou7. To validate microarray analysis, 15 genes were randomly selected for real-time RT–PCR analysis. The results provided in this study may enhance our understanding of the pre-harvest peanut–A. flavus interaction and facilitate to develop aflatoxin resistant peanut lines in future breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP12143
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2013
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transcriptome profiling of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) gynophores in gravitropic response
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2013
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 40, No. 12 ( 2013), p. 1249-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 40, No. 12 ( 2013), p. 1249-
    Abstract: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) produces flowers aerially, but the fruit develops underground. This process is mediated by the gynophore, which always grows vertically downwards. The genetic basis underlying gravitropic bending of gynophores is not well understood. To identify genes related to gynophore gravitropism, gene expression profiles of gynophores cultured in vitro with tip pointing upward (gravitropic stimulation sample) and downward (control) at both 6 and 12 h were compared through a high-density peanut microarray. After gravitropic stimulation, there were 174 differentially expressed genes, including 91 upregulated and 83 downregulated genes at 6 h, and 491 differentially expressed genes including 129 upregulated and 362 downregulated genes at 12 h. The differentially expressed genes identified were assigned to 24 functional categories. Twenty pathways including carbon fixation, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, pentose phosphate pathway, starch and sucrose metabolism were identified. The quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed for validation of microarray results. Our study paves the way to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the peanut gynophore gravitropism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP13075
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2013
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Activation of tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor gene expression following DNA demethylation in placental choriocarcinoma and transformed cell lines
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2016
    In:  Reproduction, Fertility and Development Vol. 28, No. 11 ( 2016), p. 1844-
    Details
    In: Reproduction, Fertility and Development, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 28, No. 11 ( 2016), p. 1844-
    Abstract: We characterised DNA methylation and gene expression of four tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptors DR4, DR5, DcR1 and DcR2 in three choriocarcinoma (JAR, JEG-3, BeWo) and two transformed (HTR-8/SVneo and HPT-8) cell lines. DR4 mRNA was detected in JAR, JEG-3, BeWo and HTR-8/SVneo cells, whereas DR5 was present in all detected cells. DcR1 transcripts were expressed only in JAR, JEG-3 and BeWo cells, whereas DcR2 transcripts were detected only in HTR-8/SVneo and HPT-8 cells. Hypermethylated DR4 promoter was observed in JAR, JEG-3, BeWo and HTR-8/SVneo cells, hypermethylated DcR1 promoter in HTR-8/SVneo and HPT-8 cells and hypermethylated DcR2 promoter in JAR, JEG-3 and BeWo cells. Restoration of DR4, DcR1 and DcR2 expression with decreased DNA methylation of these genes was induced by the DNA demethylation agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR) in trophoblast cells, whereas DR5 expression did not exhibit any change. Significant negative correlation between the expression and DNA methylation of these genes was also observed. In all tested cell lines, only HPT-8 demonstrated sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Combined treatment with 5-aza-CdR and TRAIL resulted in apoptosis in JAR, JEG-3, BeWo and HTR-8/SVneo cells but not in HPT-8 cells. The results indicate that DNA methylation is associated with TRAIL receptor expression and might be involved in trophoblast apoptosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1031-3613
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/RD14408
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The continuous accumulation of Na+ in detached leaf sections is associated with over-expression of NTHK1 and salt tolerance in poplar plants
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 38, No. 3 ( 2011), p. 236-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 38, No. 3 ( 2011), p. 236-
    Abstract: Detached leaf sections (2 × 2 cm2) from transgenic poplar line 18-1 and its wild type (WT) (Populus × euramericana ‘Neva’) were used to test their salt tolerance and gene expression under controlled environment conditions. The sections from line 18-1 displayed better tolerance to NaCl stress, indicated by high chlorophyll retention and K+ content but low relative electrolyte leakage (REL). Transient overexpression of NTHK1 (Nicotiana tabacum histidine kinase 1) and V-H+-PPase was found in the detached young leaves from line 18-1 after they had been stressed for a few minutes. The activities of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase and H+-PPase in line 18-1 were boosted initially and then decreased to normal level as in unstressed leaves. After sections were stressed for 10 days, the maximal Na+ concentration in line 18-1 was much higher than that in the WT. The higher capacity for Na+ accumulation in line 18-1 may be due to stable Na+ sequestration into the vacuoles. Osmotic stress imposed little effect on REL and chlorophyll content of the sections. The capacity of detached leaf sections in NaCl solution to tolerate stress and to accumulate Na+ may be useful for identifying genotypes with good salt tolerance in poplar and other plants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP10215
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Expression of maize heat shock transcription factor gene ZmHsf06 enhances the thermotolerance and drought-stress tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2015
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 42, No. 11 ( 2015), p. 1080-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 42, No. 11 ( 2015), p. 1080-
    Abstract: Based on the information of 25 heat shock transcription factor (Hsf) homologues in maize according to a genome-wide analysis, ZmHsf06 was cloned from maize leaves and transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana (L. Heynh.) (ecotype, Col-0). Three transgenic positive lines were selected to assess the basic and acquired thermotolerance and drought-stress tolerance under stresses and for some physiological assays. The sequence analysis indicates that ZmHsf06 contained the characteristic domains of class A type plant Hsfs. The results of qRT–PCR showed that the expression levels of ZmHsf06 were elevated by heat shock and drought stress to different extents in three transgenic lines. Phenotypic observation shows that compared with the Wt (wild-type) controls, the overexpressing ZmHsf06 of Arabidopsis plants have enhanced basal and acquired thermotolerance, stronger drought-stress tolerance and growth advantages under mild heat stress conditions. These results are further confirmed by physiological and biochemical evidence that transgenic Arabidopsis plants exhibit higher seed germination rate, longer axial-root length, higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), higher leaf chlorophyll content, but lower relative electrical conductivity (REC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and osmotic potential (OP) than the Wt controls after heat shock and drought treatments. ZmHsf06 may be a central representative of maize Hsfs and could be useful in molecular breeding of maize or other crops for enhanced tolerances, particularly during terminal heat and drought stresses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP15080
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of intra-uterine growth restriction on long-term fertility in boars
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Reproduction, Fertility and Development Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2017), p. 374-
    Details
    In: Reproduction, Fertility and Development, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 29, No. 2 ( 2017), p. 374-
    Abstract: The present study assessed the effect of birthweight on reproductive performance, including a possible mechanism, in male pigs. Ten newborn male piglets, including five normal birthweight (NBW) piglets and five intra-uterine growth restricted (IUGR) piglets, were used in the study. All piglets were weaned on Day 28 and fed the same diet during the experiment (10 months). Average daily weight gain, feed intake and the feed conversion ratio were higher in NBW than IUGR piglets. Similarly, testis volume and the number of Leydig and Sertoli cells in the distal portion of the testes were higher in NBW than IUGR piglets (P  〈  0.05). Semen volume (P  〈  0.05) and the total number of spermatozoa per ejaculate (P = 0.08) were lower in IUGR boars. Testosterone concentrations on Day 141 and prostaglandin E2 concentrations on Days 82 and 141 were higher in IUGR than NBW boars (P  〈  0.05). The malondialdehyde content of seminal plasma was higher in IUGR boars, whereas sperm glutathione peroxidase activity was lower in IUGR versus NBW boars (P  〈  0.05). Expression of DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) genes Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, histone-lysine N-methyltransferase (Suv39h2), and lysine (K)-specific demethylase Kdm4a was upregulated in testes from IUGR boars. These findings suggest that growth restriction affects sperm production via reproductive organ development and epigenetic regulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1031-3613
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/RD15130
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Knockdown of regulator of G-protein signalling 2 (Rgs2) leads to abnormal early mouse embryo development in vitro
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2015
    In:  Reproduction, Fertility and Development Vol. 27, No. 3 ( 2015), p. 557-
    Details
    In: Reproduction, Fertility and Development, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 27, No. 3 ( 2015), p. 557-
    Abstract: Regulator of G-protein signalling 2 (Rgs2) is involved in G-protein-mediated signalling by negatively regulating the activity of the G-protein α-subunit. In the present study, the expression patterns of Rgs2 in mouse ovarian tissues and early embryos were determined by semiquantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent analyses. Rgs2 expression was observed in the ovarian tissues of adult female mice, with an almost equal expression levels during different stages of the oestrous cycle. Rgs2 was abundant in the cytoplasm, membrane, nuclei and spindles of intact polar bodies in mouse early embryos at different developmental stages from the zygote to blastocyst. The effect of Rgs2 knockdown on early embryonic development in vitro was examined by microinjecting Rgs2-specific short interfering (si) RNAs into mouse zygotes. Knockdown of endogenous Rgs2 expression led to abnormal embryonic development in vitro, with a considerable number of early embryos arrested at the 2- or 4-cell stage. Moreover, mRNA expression of three zygotic gene activation-related genes (i.e. Zscan4, Tcstv1 and MuERV-L) was decreased significantly in 2-cell arrested embryos. These results suggest that Rgs2 plays a critical role in early embryo development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1031-3613
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/RD13269
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    SSG: 12
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