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  • More, Kuldeep D.  (3)
  • Biodiversity Research  (3)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Biochemical diversity of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis as a driver of Coccolithovirus competitive ecology
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Environmental Microbiology Vol. 21, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 2182-2197
    Details
    In: Environmental Microbiology, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 6 ( 2019-06), p. 2182-2197
    Abstract: Coccolithoviruses (EhVs) are large, double‐stranded DNA‐containing viruses that infect the single‐celled, marine coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi . Given the cosmopolitan nature and global importance of E. huxleyi as a bloom‐forming, calcifying, photoautotroph, E. huxleyi –EhV interactions play a key role in oceanic carbon biogeochemistry. Virally‐encoded glycosphingolipids (vGSLs) are virulence factors that are produced by the activity of virus‐encoded serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). Here, we characterize the dynamics, diversity and catalytic production of vGSLs in an array of EhV strains in relation to their SPT sequence composition and explore the hypothesis that they are a determinant of infectivity and host demise. vGSL production and diversity was positively correlated with increased virulence, virus replication rate and lytic infection dynamics in laboratory experiments, but they do not explain the success of less‐virulent EhVs in natural EhV communities. The majority of EhV‐derived SPT amplicon sequences associated with infected cells in the North Atlantic derived from slower infecting, less virulent EhVs. Our lab‐, field‐ and mathematical model‐based data and simulations support ecological scenarios whereby slow‐infecting, less‐virulent EhVs successfully compete in North Atlantic populations of E. huxleyi , through either the preferential removal of fast‐infecting, virulent EhVs during active infection or by having access to a broader host range.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1462-2912 , 1462-2920
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/emi.2019.21.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14633
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020213-1
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Holocene paleodepositional changes reflected in the sedimentary microbiome of the Black Sea
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Geobiology Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2019-07), p. 436-448
    Details
    In: Geobiology, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. 4 ( 2019-07), p. 436-448
    Abstract: Subsurface microbial communities are generally thought to be structured through in situ environmental conditions such as the availability of electron acceptors and donors and porosity, but recent studies suggest that the vertical distribution of a subset of subseafloor microbial taxa, which were present at the time of deposition, were selected by the paleodepositional environment. However, additional highly resolved temporal records of subsurface microbiomes and paired paleoenvironmental reconstructions are needed to justify this claim. Here, we performed a highly resolved shotgun metagenomics survey to study the taxonomic and functional diversity of the subsurface microbiome in Holocene sediments underlying the permanently stratified and anoxic Black Sea. Obligate aerobic bacteria made the largest contribution to the observed shifts in microbial communities associated with known Holocene climate stages and transitions. This suggests that the aerobic fraction of the subseafloor microbiome was seeded from the water column and did not undergo post‐depositional selection. In contrast, obligate and facultative anaerobic bacteria showed the most significant response to the establishment of modern‐day environmental conditions 5.2 ka ago that led to a major shift in planktonic communities and in the type of sequestered organic matter available for microbial degradation. No significant shift in the subseafloor microbiome was observed as a result of environmental changes that occurred shortly after the marine reconnection, 9 ka ago. This supports the general view that the marine reconnection was a gradual process. We conclude that a high‐resolution analysis of downcore changes in the subseafloor microbiome can provide detailed insights into paleoenvironmental conditions and biogeochemical processes that occurred at the time of deposition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-4677 , 1472-4669
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gbi.2019.17.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12338
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2113509-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Subseafloor Archaea reflect 139 kyrs of paleodepositional changes in the northern Red Sea
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Geobiology Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-03), p. 162-172
    Details
    In: Geobiology, Wiley, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2021-03), p. 162-172
    Abstract: The vertical distribution of subseafloor archaeal communities is thought to be primarily controlled by in situ conditions in sediments such as the availability of electron acceptors and donors, although sharp community shifts have also been observed at lithological boundaries suggesting that at least a subset of vertically stratified Archaea form a long‐term genetic record of coinciding environmental conditions that occurred at the time of sediment deposition. To substantiate this possibility, we performed a highly resolved 16S rRNA gene survey of vertically stratified archaeal communities paired with paleo‐oceanographic proxies in a sedimentary record from the northern Red Sea spanning the last glacial–interglacial cycle (i.e., marine isotope stages 1–6; MIS1‐6). Our results show a strong significant correlation between subseafloor archaeal communities and drastic paleodepositional changes associated with glacial low vs. interglacial high stands (ANOSIM; R  = .73; p  = .001) and only a moderately strong correlation with lithological changes. Bathyarchaeota, Lokiarchaeota, MBGA, and DHVEG‐1 were the most abundant identified archaeal groups. Whether they represented ancient cell lines from the time of deposition or migrated to the specific sedimentary horizons after deposition remains speculative. However, we show that the majority of sedimentary archaeal tetraether membrane lipids were of allochthonous origin and not produced in situ. Slow post‐burial growth under energy‐limited conditions would explain why the downcore distribution of these dominant archaeal groups still indirectly reflect changes in the paleodepositional environment that prevailed during the analyzed marine isotope stages. In addition, archaea seeded from the overlying water column such as Thaumarchaeota and group II and III Euryarchaeota, which were likely not have been able to subsist after burial, were identified from a lower abundance of preserved sedimentary DNA signatures, and represented direct markers of paleoenvironmental changes in the Red Sea spanning the last six marine isotope stages.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1472-4677 , 1472-4669
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/gbi.v19.2
    DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12421
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2113509-5
    SSG: 12
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