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  • CSIRO Publishing  (26)
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  • English  (26)
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  • Biodiversity Research  (26)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ART do not increase the risk of Y-chromosome microdeletion in 19 candidate genes at AZF regions
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2014
    In:  Reproduction, Fertility and Development Vol. 26, No. 6 ( 2014), p. 778-
    Details
    In: Reproduction, Fertility and Development, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 26, No. 6 ( 2014), p. 778-
    Abstract: Y-chromosome microdeletions (YCMs) have been found at a much higher rate in infertile men than fertile controls. A specific deletion in the azoospermia factor locus (AZF) at Yq11 is significantly associated with male infertility. Whether assisted reproductive technology (ART) increases the risk of YCM in ART-derived offspring remains unclear. In this study the occurrence of YCM in 199 fathers and their 228 sons (Chinese, Han ethnicity), including 85 offspring conceived by IVF, 73 by intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and 70 by natural conception, was investigated. Nineteen candidate genes related to YCM were analysed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. We identified one de novo YCM from 70 naturally-conceived offspring and none from 158 ART-conceived offspring and found no statistical significance between these two groups. There was no statistically-significant difference in the detection rate of the father’s Y-chromosome microdeletion group: IVF 10.7% (8/75), ICSI 3.2% (2/63), natural conception 8.2% (5/61). These results suggest that ART does not increase the risk of YCM in male offspring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1031-3613
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/RD13092
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2014
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chitosan and spermine enhance drought resistance in white clover, associated with changes in endogenous phytohormones and polyamines, and antioxidant metabolism
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2018
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2018), p. 1205-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2018), p. 1205-
    Abstract: The interaction of chitosan and polyamines (PAs) could be involved mitigating drought stress in white clover (Trifolium repens L.). This research aimed to determine the effect of chitosan and PAs, and co-application of chitosan and PAs on improving drought tolerance associated with growth, phytohormones, polyamines and antioxidant metabolism. Plants were pretreated with or without 1 g L–1 chitosan, 0.5 mM spermine, or 1 g L–1 chitosan + 0.5 mM spermine, then subjected to drought induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (–0.5 MPa) in growth chambers for 14 days. Exogenous chitosan and spermine improved the level of PAs by regulating arginine decarboxylases, S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase, copper-containing amine oxidase and polyamine oxidase activity, and expression of the genes encoding these enzymes under drought. Application of exogenous chitosan improved ABA content under normal and drought conditions. In addition, chitosan and spermine significantly enhanced the levels of cytokinin and GA, but reduced IAA levels during drought stress. Exogenous chitosan and spermine improved antioxidant defence, including enzyme activity, gene expression and the content of ascorbate and glutathione compounds, leading to a decline in superoxide anion radicals, H2O2 and malondialdehyde, effectively mitigating drought-induced oxidative damage. Other protective metabolites, such as total phenols and flavonoids, increased considerably under application of chitosan and spermine. These results suggest that chitosan-induced drought tolerance could be involved in PA metabolism, changes in endogenous phytohormones and antioxidant defence in white clover. Co-application of chitosan and spermine was more effective than either chitosan or spermine alone in mitigating drought stress.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP18012
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2018
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Andrographolide disrupts meiotic maturation by blocking cytoskeletal reorganisation and decreases the fertilisation potential of mouse oocytes
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Reproduction, Fertility and Development Vol. 29, No. 12 ( 2017), p. 2336-
    Details
    In: Reproduction, Fertility and Development, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 29, No. 12 ( 2017), p. 2336-
    Abstract: Andrographolide (AG) is a diterpenoid lactone isolated from the stem and leaves of Andrographis paniculata Nees that is used for the effective treatment of infectious diseases in Asian countries. Previous studies have reported adverse effects of AG on female fertility in rodents; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of AG on the IVM of mouse oocytes and their fertilisation potential. Immature oocytes incubated for 6, 14 or 24 h in medium containing 5, 10 or 20 μM AG showed time- and dose-dependent decreases in maturation rates compared with the control group. Immunostaining revealed that AG exposure disrupted spindle organisation and migration, as well as actin cap formation and cytokinesis. Furthermore, most oocytes exposed to 20 μM AG underwent apoptosis, and the few oocytes exposed to 5 or 10 μM AG that reached MII exhibited lower fertilisation rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The findings of the present study suggest that AG may disrupt mouse oocyte meiotic maturation by blocking cytoskeletal reorganisation, and may thus have an adverse effect on female fertility.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1031-3613
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/RD16343
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transcriptome profiling of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) gynophores in gravitropic response
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2013
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 40, No. 12 ( 2013), p. 1249-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 40, No. 12 ( 2013), p. 1249-
    Abstract: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) produces flowers aerially, but the fruit develops underground. This process is mediated by the gynophore, which always grows vertically downwards. The genetic basis underlying gravitropic bending of gynophores is not well understood. To identify genes related to gynophore gravitropism, gene expression profiles of gynophores cultured in vitro with tip pointing upward (gravitropic stimulation sample) and downward (control) at both 6 and 12 h were compared through a high-density peanut microarray. After gravitropic stimulation, there were 174 differentially expressed genes, including 91 upregulated and 83 downregulated genes at 6 h, and 491 differentially expressed genes including 129 upregulated and 362 downregulated genes at 12 h. The differentially expressed genes identified were assigned to 24 functional categories. Twenty pathways including carbon fixation, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, pentose phosphate pathway, starch and sucrose metabolism were identified. The quantitative real-time PCR analysis was performed for validation of microarray results. Our study paves the way to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the peanut gynophore gravitropism.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP13075
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2013
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transcriptome identification of the resistance-associated genes (RAGs) to Aspergillus flavus infection in pre-harvested peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2013
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2013), p. 292-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2013), p. 292-
    Abstract: Pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination caused by Aspergillus favus is a major concern in peanut. However, little is known about the resistance mechanism, so the incorporation of resistance into cultivars with commercially-acceptable genetic background has been slowed. To identify resistance-associated genes potentially underlying the resistance mechanism, we compared transcriptome profiles in resistant and susceptible peanut genotypes under three different treatments: well watered, drought stress and both A. flavus and drought stress using a customised NimbleGen microarray representing 36 158 unigenes. Results showed that the profile of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) displayed a similar pattern of distribution among the functional classes between resistant and susceptible peanuts in response to drought stress. Under A. flavus infection with drought stress, a total of 490 unigenes involved in 26 pathways were differentially expressed in the resistant genotype YJ1 uniquely responding to A. flavus infection, in which 96 DEGs were related to eight pathways: oxidation reduction, proteolysis metabolism, coenzyme A biosynthesis, defence response, signalling, oligopeptide transport, transmembrane transport and carbohydrate biosynthesis/metabolism. Pathway analysis based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database showed that eight networks were significantly associated with resistance to A. flavus infection in resistant genotype YJ1 compared with susceptible Yueyou7. To validate microarray analysis, 15 genes were randomly selected for real-time RT–PCR analysis. The results provided in this study may enhance our understanding of the pre-harvest peanut–A. flavus interaction and facilitate to develop aflatoxin resistant peanut lines in future breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP12143
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2013
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR)-derived peptide vaccine induced infertility in mice without pathological effect on reproductive organs
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Reproduction, Fertility and Development Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2011), p. 544-
    Details
    In: Reproduction, Fertility and Development, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2011), p. 544-
    Abstract: In a previous study it was found that priming with recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (rhFSHR) protein (F140) and boosting with a peptide containing amino acids 32–44 from FSHR showed a specific immune response and fertility inhibition in adult male mice. However, this priming and boosting led to damage of the reproductive organs. Therefore, to eliminate this damage, the peptide prime–boost strategy was explored as a possible means of avoiding the pathological change while maintaining infertility. Immunisation with the peptide prime–boost strategy led to decreased fertility 10 weeks after vaccination, which is consistent with Balb/C mice treated with the protein prime–peptide boost regime. In contrast to the cellular swelling and spotty necrosis in spermatogonia observed in the protein-primed mice, the mice receiving peptide priming did not display pathological damage in seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells. Thus, the prime–boost immune regime with the FSHR-derived peptide potentially provides a much safer candidate for a contraceptive vaccine.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1031-3613
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/RD10142
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The vacuolar Na+ - H+ antiport gene TaNHX2 confers salt tolerance on transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2012
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 39, No. 8 ( 2012), p. 708-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 39, No. 8 ( 2012), p. 708-
    Abstract: TaNHX2, a vacuolar Na+–H+ antiport gene from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), was transformed into alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to evaluate the role of vacuolar energy providers in plant salt stress responses. PCR and Southern blotting analysis showed that the target gene was integrated into the Medicago genome. Reverse transcription–PCR indicated that gene TaNHX2 was expressed at the transcriptional level. The relative electrical conductivity in the T2 transgenic plants was lower and the osmotic potential was higher compared to the wild-type plants under salt stress conditions. The tonoplast H+-ATPase, H+-pyrophosphatase (PPase) hydrolysis activities and ATP-dependent proton pump activities in transgenic plants were all higher than those of wild-type plants, and the enzyme activities could be induced by salt stress. The PPi-dependent proton pump activities decreased when NaCl concentrations increased from 100 mM to 200 mM, especially in transgenic plants. The vacuolar Na+–H+ antiport activities of transgenic plants were 2–3 times higher than those of the wild -type plants under 0 mM and 100 mM NaCl stress. Na+–H+ antiport activity was not detectable for wild-type plants under 200 mM NaCl, but for transgenic plants, it was further increased with an increment in salt stress intensity. These results demonstrated that expression of the foreign TaNHX2 gene enhanced salt tolerance in transgenic alfalfa.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP12095
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2012
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Phylogenetic analysis and taxonomy of the subgenus Gnathopaederus Chapin and related groups of Paederus s.l. (Coleoptera:Staphylinidae:Paederinae)
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2009
    In:  Invertebrate Systematics Vol. 23, No. 5 ( 2009), p. 422-
    Details
    In: Invertebrate Systematics, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 23, No. 5 ( 2009), p. 422-
    Abstract: The paederine genus Paederus s.l. (Coleoptera : Staphylinidae) is a hyperdiverse group of some 500 species worldwide. Although the subtribe Paederina, in which the genus resides, is monophyletic the status of numerous genera and subgenera is questionable and the current classification is likely to be flawed. As part of detailed studies on the paederine fauna of China, we undertook a preliminary morphologically-based phylogenetic analysis to determine the relationships of Paederus (Gnathopaederus) and related subgenera, as a basis for a revision of the subgenus, and as an attempt to provide a better framework for future taxonomic studies on the group as a whole. The analysis was based on 66 adult morphological characters for 30 ingroup taxa, including all six species of P. (Gnathopaederus). The results show that P. (Gnathopaederus) and P. (Paederus), and the genera Megalopaederus, Pachypaederus and Paederidus are monophyletic, and that P. (Eopaederus) and P. (Harpopaederus) are paraphylyetic. However, our analysis did not offer a robust solution to relationships among other clades within Paederus s.l. although it seems clear that Paederus s.l. is not monophyletic with respect to the above genera. The monophyly of P. (Gnathopaederus) is supported by the mandibular basal medial tooth having two cuspids separated dorsoventrally. Based largely on this character state, the definition of the subgenus is refined; six species are recognized, including two new species described from China as follows: P. (G.) daozhenensis, sp. nov. from Guizhou, and P. (G.) jilongensis, sp. nov. from Xizang; three species, P. bursavacua Willers, P. yunnanensis Willers and P. solodovnikovi Willers, are newly assigned to the subgenus according to a revised subgeneric definition. New morphological characters including important secondary sexual characters and sexual dimorphism are described and male genitalia are illustrated for the first time for the type species of the subgenus, P. (G.) szechuanus (Chapin). A key to the six species is presented and the distribution of each species is documented and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-5226
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/IS09015
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2009
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Genetic mapping of basal root gravitropism and phosphorus acquisition efficiency in common bean
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2004
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 31, No. 10 ( 2004), p. 959-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 31, No. 10 ( 2004), p. 959-
    Abstract: Root gravitropism determines the relative distribution of plant roots in different soil layers, and therefore, may influence the acquisition of shallow soil resources such as phosphorus (P). Growth pouch and field studies were conducted to evaluate root gravitropism of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in response to P deficiency and to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with this trait. A deep-rooted genotype, DOR364, was crossed with a shallow-rooted genotype, G19833, to obtain 86 F5.7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Root gravitropic traits were measured as basal root growth angle (BRGA), shallow basal root length (SBRL, basal root length in the top 0–3 cm of soil) and relative shallow basal root length (RSBRL, percentage of basal root length in the top 0–3 cm of soil relative to total basal root length). Large genetic variability for these traits was found in the parents and RILs, with BRGA ranging from –18.73 to 56.69º and SBRL ranging from 0.42 to 2.63 m per plant. The parents and six RILs with contrasting root gravitropism were further evaluated in the field, where root shallowness was significantly correlated with plant growth and P uptake. QTL were detected by single point analysis (SPA), interval mapping (IM) and composite interval mapping (CIM) techniques with a genetic map for the DOR364 × G19833 population consisting of 236 molecular markers. The IM / CIM QTL were detected among the 11 linkage groups of common bean, with 16 QTL controlling the above root traits and six QTL controlling P acquisition efficiency (PAE) in the field study. At least three of the root trait QTL were associated with QTL for PAE, suggesting that root gravitropic traits are associated with PAE and that QTL for these traits can be used to facilitate selection and breeding for higher P efficiency in common bean and other crops.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP03255
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2004
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Greenhouse and field cucumber genotypes use different mechanisms to protect against dark chilling
    CSIRO Publishing ; 2004
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 31, No. 12 ( 2004), p. 1215-
    Details
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 31, No. 12 ( 2004), p. 1215-
    Abstract: Diurnal changes in photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured after two consecutive night chills to reveal the photosynthetic characteristics and the mechanism of photoprotection in a greenhouse genotype Jinyou No. 3 (GH), and in a field genotype Jinyan No. 4 (OF) of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Both genotypes showed inhibition of CO2 assimilation immediately after the dark chill, with OF exhibiting a greater reduction. Dark chilling had little effect on stomatal limitation (l) and RuBP regeneration (Jmax) but significantly decreased maximum carboxylation velocity of Rubisco (Vcmax). The reduced capacity for CO2 fixation in the Calvin cycle induced a downstream regulation of PSII photochemistry, a mechanism that regulates the photosynthetic electron transport to match the lower demand for ATP and NADPH in the stroma of chloroplasts. The reduced quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry was mainly due to reductions both in the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and in the efficiency of excitation energy capture by open PSII reaction centres (Fv′ / Fm′) for OF, but only to the latter for GH. Night chills resulted in an enhanced photorespiration proportion in GH and an O2-dependent alternative electron flux in OF, which served as protective mechanisms for the two varieties. These results showed that there are genotypic differences in the limitation factor for CO2 assimilation and in photo-protection mechanism to night chill in cucumber.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1071/FP04045
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 2004
    SSG: 12
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