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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diagnóstico da pesquisa em ecologia de paisagens no Brasil (2000-2005)
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2007
    In:  Biota Neotropica Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2007), p. 21-29
    Details
    In: Biota Neotropica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 7, No. 3 ( 2007), p. 21-29
    Abstract: Landscape Ecology seeks to understand the influence of environmental spatial heterogeneity on ecological processes, emphasizing human actions on the environment or the spatial context on biological species. It is a new science still consolidating concepts which makes strong use of technological improvements in remote sensing and geographical information systems. Aiming at verifying the main themes, methodological approaches and techniques that are being used in Landscape Ecology in Brazil, as well as the research institutes involved, we carried out a survey and analyzed the abstracts on Landscape Ecology researches submitted to the main national scientific meetings where this subject was discussed (years 2000-2005), and the abstracts of MSc and PhD theses produced from 2000 to 2004. The abstracts were classified according to 7 themes, 7 methodological approaches and 5 techniques of analysis. We analyzed 226 congress abstracts and 222 theses abstracts, from which most dealt with the description of spatial patterns, the relationships between patterns and processes, and environmental planning. A descriptive approach and the use of qualitative techniques or simple quantifications (measurements and percentages) prevailed. Less than 20% of the studies used quantitative techniques under an experimental approach, but a growing tendency on the use of quantitative procedures was verified throughout the years. Comparing both the research institutes where the theses were produced and those represented in the meetings with the research institutes which appear in the CNPq research groups database we noticed a low correspondence among them. We also verified that the Brazilian contribution in the Landscape Ecology scientific production worldwide is still very small, probably due to the prevailing descriptive nature of the current researches. We believe that the growth of Brazilian research in Landscape Ecology must go beyond the description of patterns, and that clear scientific hypotheses must be established and tested quantitatively in future researches.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1676-0603
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032007000300002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2007
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  • 2
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    Do diagnóstico à conservação da biodiversidade: o estado da arte do programa BIOTA/FAPESP
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2006
    In:  Biota Neotropica Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Details
    In: Biota Neotropica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Abstract: The main objective of this study was to analyze the contribution of the BIOTA/FAPESP program, one of the largest biodiversity programs in Brazil, in conservation issues, such as in the development of ecological indicators, definition of priority areas for conservation, and conservation viability analyzes. We found that the program was in its first phase (1999-2005) mainly focused on short-term punctual inventories at the community level, and in terrestrial and freshwater habitats. We identified some limitations in the use of the collected data for conservation purposes, and suggest possible measures to avoid those problems and bridge the gap between the biodiversity diagnosis and conservation: i) to adopt inventory protocols which would allow an easy comparison of data obtained in different geographical regions; ii) to stimulate multiple taxa inventories in areas with high conservation potential; iii) to encourage the integration of research with action, specially in the case of restoration projects; and iv) to link the BIOTA program with other applied programs (for example, the FAPESP Program of Public Policy) or programs that would allow the monitoring and understanding of functional aspects of the ecosystems (e.g., Long Term Ecological Research Program from CNPq).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1676-0603
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032006000200002
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 3
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    Chuva de sementes em fragmentos de Floresta Atlântica (São Paulo, SP, Brasil), sob diferentes situações de conectividade, estrutura florestal e proximidade da borda
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2006
    In:  Acta Botanica Brasilica Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2006-12), p. 845-859
    Details
    In: Acta Botanica Brasilica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2006-12), p. 845-859
    Abstract: Information on seed-rain composition of plant communities allows predictions concerning the successional development of the community and its recovery potential. In fragmented landscapes, seed rain is highly influenced by the connectivity among the remaining fragments and by vegetation structure. In this study we compared the seed rain of three fragments of Atlantic forest (Caucaia do Alto, SP), taking into account fragment size, connectivity in the landscape, edge/interior condition, vegetation structure, and previous disturbance, to verify how these parameters affected the seed rain. Seeds were classified according to primary dispersal syndrome, species life form, and functional type. Based on species attributes, we tested for possible edge effects (chi-squared). We searched for relationships among fragment features (size, connectivity), seed trap position (edge, interior), and the abundance of each diaspore type through detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and Spearman correlation test. The majority of the 28,873 seeds belonged to arboreal (80.7%) and zoochoric species (73.7%). Late successional tree species predominated in the "small/isolated" fragment, while the "small/connected" fragment showed opposite characteristics. The "large/source" fragment had the highest species diversity and a well-defined edge. Based on these parameters, patterns point to a better ecological condition in the "small/isolated" fragment, followed by the "large/source", and finally by the "small/connected" fragments. We found a contrast between the effects of connectivity and vegetation structure; the latter was more important than fragment connectivity in determining patterns of life form, functional type and dispersal syndrome of seed-rain species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0102-3306
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S0102-33062006000400010
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2055440-0
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  • 4
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    Aspectos da composição e diversidade do componente arbóreo das florestas da Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande, Cotia, SP
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2006
    In:  Biota Neotropica Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Details
    In: Biota Neotropica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Abstract: The main objective of this study was to characterize the tree arboreal species composition and to compare secondary and mature forests of the Morro Grande Forest Reserve (Cotia, metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil). Based on this evaluation, we discuss the forest type classification and the conservation value of this Reserve. We used the point centered quarter method, sampling 2,400 trees in six different sites, three with secondary forests and three other ones with a predominance of mature forests. In each site, four blocks of 25 points were assessed, totalizing 100 points or 400 individuals. The blocks were 200 m apart from each other. Data were analyzed through cluster and Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). Results showed differences among sites, essentially differentiating the secondary and mature sites. DCA and cluster analyses were particularly useful to detect characteristic species for these two main successsional stages. Among the 260 species observed, only 12 were sampled in the six sites. Richness and diversity were surprisingly high when compared with previous studies in the study region. The Shannon diversity values were among the highest in the state of São Paulo, with 4.75 nats/tree for the whole sampling, 4.25 nats/tree for the three secondary sites, and 4.54 nats/tree for the three mature sites. The studied forest may be essentially classified as "Dense Mountain Rain Forest" presenting species from the Araucaria mixed forest, and also from the semi-deciduous forest and Cerrado (woody savanna) region. Those results seem to confirm the hypothesis of a "high montane refuge" in drier climatic conditions in the past. The high richness and mixed composition of different floras highlighted the importance to preserve the Morro Grande forest.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1676-0603
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032006000200004
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 5
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    A regeneração florestal em áreas de floresta secundária na Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande, Cotia, SP
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2006
    In:  Biota Neotropica Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Details
    In: Biota Neotropica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Abstract: Notwithstanding its complexity, a more integrated knowledge of the regeneration process in tropical forests subject to natural as well as human disturbance is necessary. Given the great extent of secondary forests in the Neotropics, an important topic to be considered is the potential of secondary forest patches to preserve the biological diversity of old-growth, less disturbed forests. The main objective of this study was to evaluate tree seedling community structure and its potential as source of regeneration in areas of secondary forest within the Morro Grande Forest Reserve (RFMG), one of the most important areas of Atlantic Rain Forest on the Atlantic Plateau. The structure and composition of the tree seedling community was sampled in 1 m² plots randomly placed in three areas of secondary forest. We recognized 106 species among 742 sampled tree seedlings, distributed in 35 families and 69 genera. The richest families (Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Lauraceae) represented 47% of the species total, and the five more abundant species were Myrcia fallax, Ocotea dispersa, Psychotria vellosiana, Psychotria suterella, and Matayba elaeagnoides. Woody species regeneration was predominantly composed of zoochoric and shade tolerant species, characteristics of more advanced stages of Atlantic Rain Forest succession. Tree seedling community did not vary in abundance and size structure, but species composition and richness varied significantly among areas. Our results suggest that woody regeneration in secondary forest areas of the RFMG has a high potential of maintaining tree biological diversity of old-growth forests and, consequently, contributing to forest restoration at the regional scale. Spatial heterogeneity in floristic composition and species richness of the seed rain, as well as of the tree seedling community in secondary forest patches, represent important components that influence the sucessional process and the maintenance of species diversity, therefore acting as sources of recruitment of new individuals and species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1676-0603
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032006000200005
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    O Código Florestal Tem Base Científica?
    Elsevier BV ; 2010
    In:  Natureza & Conservação Vol. 08, No. 01 ( 2010), p. 92-99
    Details
    In: Natureza & Conservação, Elsevier BV, Vol. 08, No. 01 ( 2010), p. 92-99
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1679-0073
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4322/natcon.00801017
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2834968-4
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  • 7
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    Estádio sucessional e fatores geográficos como determinantes da similaridade florística entre comunidades florestais no Planalto Atlântico, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2008
    In:  Acta Botanica Brasilica Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2008-03), p. 51-62
    Details
    In: Acta Botanica Brasilica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2008-03), p. 51-62
    Abstract: Analysis of floristic similarity relationships between plant communities can detect patterns of species occurrence and also explain conditioning factors. Searching for such patterns, floristic similarity relationships among Atlantic Forest sites situated at Ibiúna Plateau, São Paulo state, Brazil, were analyzed by multivariate techniques. Twenty one forest fragments and six sites within a continuous Forest Reserve were included in the analyses. Floristic composition and structure of the tree community (minimum dbh 5 cm) were assessed using the point centered quarter method. Two methods were used for multivariate analysis: Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN). Similarity relationships among the study areas were based on the successional stage of the community and also on spatial proximity. The more similar the successional stage of the communities, the higher the floristic similarity between them, especially if the communities are geographically close. A floristic gradient from north to south was observed, suggesting a transition between biomes, since northern indicator species are mostly heliophytes, occurring also in cerrado vegetation and seasonal semideciduous forest, while southern indicator species are mostly typical ombrophilous and climax species from typical dense evergreen Atlantic Forest.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0102-3306
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S0102-33062008000100007
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2055440-0
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Relief influence on tree species richness in secondary forest fragments of Atlantic Forest, SE, Brazil
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2008
    In:  Acta Botanica Brasilica Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2008-06), p. 589-598
    Details
    In: Acta Botanica Brasilica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 22, No. 2 ( 2008-06), p. 589-598
    Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho foi explorar a relação entre a riqueza de espécies arbóreas com as características morfológicas do relevo no Planalto de Ibiúna (SE, Brasil). Foram amostrados 61 blocos de 0,30 ha, sistematicamente estabelecidos em 20 fragmentos de floresta secundária (2-274 ha) e em três áreas de uma floresta secundária contínua, a Reserva do Morro Grande (9.400 ha). Em cada bloco, 100 árvores com diâmetro à altura do peito 〉 5 cm foram amostradas pelo método do quadrante centrado, e as riquezas total e por grupo de dispersão e sucessão foram obtidas. O relevo foi caracterizado pela média e variância da declividade, altitude, orientação e posição na vertente. Não houve relação significativa entre a heterogeneidade do relevo e a riqueza de espécies arbóreas. Os parâmetros do relevo afetaram pouco a riqueza da vegetação, mas a altitude foi particularmente importante, especialmente na floresta contínua. Apesar da pouca extensão na variação de altitude (150 m), a riqueza aumentou com este fator. As áreas mais altas também foram aquelas com as maiores coberturas florestais e os mais baixos graus de perturbação, o que deve contribuir para a maior riqueza dessas áreas. Nossos resultados indicam uma influência indireta do relevo, pelo fato das áreas mais altas serem também as menos desmatadas, e não uma influência direta de fatores abióticos relacionados ao gradiente de altitude.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0102-3306
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S0102-33062008000200026
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2055440-0
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  • 9
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    Características ecológicas e implicações para a conservação da Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2006
    In:  Biota Neotropica Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Details
    In: Biota Neotropica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Abstract: In the last five years, the Morro Grande Forest Reserve (MGFR) has been systematically surveyed for different taxonomic groups. More than 13.000 individuals from 673 species of trees, nonvolant small mammals, birds, reptiles, anurans and orb-weaver spiders were sampled. The comparative analysis of the results reveals consistent biodiversity patterns which concern four central issues: i) the MGFR is situated in an ecotone location with the influence from the ombrophilous and mesophilous forests and also from the interior savanna region; ii) all taxonomic groups presented significant differences in species composition and/or richness when medium to old secondary forests (80 to 90 years of regeneration) were compared with old-growth forests (or "mature" forests), where only selective logging were observed; this should contribute to a high gamma diversity, given that the MGFR is a complex mosaic of vegetation in different successional stages; iii) partly due to the two first factors, the MGFR presents a consistent pattern of high species diversity when compared with other areas from the Atlantic Forest region; iv) due to its location in a high human density matrix, the MGFR is being submitted to strong disturbances, mostly related with hunting, vegetation exploitation, and alien species invasion. The conservation of this unique biota will depend on the establishment of a management plan that can take advantage of the proximity from the city of São Paulo, specially for projects of education, tourism and scientific research, and that could control the problems of exotic species, hunting, vegetation exploitation and inappropriate use of the MGFR surrounding.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1676-0603
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032006000200011
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 10
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    Uma área de relevante interesse biológico, porém pouco conhecida: a Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande
    FapUNIFESP (SciELO) ; 2006
    In:  Biota Neotropica Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Details
    In: Biota Neotropica, FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2006)
    Abstract: The Morro Grande Forest Reserve (10,870 ha) is one of the biggest forest areas in the Atlantic Plateau. This region was intensively deforested for agriculture, wood and charcoal production, and more recently by the expansion of urban areas. The Reserve is located in the cristalline Plateau of Ibiúna, just above the Paranapiacaba Mountain (860 1075 m above sea level), in a transition region between the rainy climate from the Atlantic coast, and the seasonal climate from inland São Paulo state. As a consequence, species composition in Morro Grande Reserve combines elements from the tropical rainforest and the semideciduous forest. Despite this particularity, few studies were carried out in the forests from Morro Grande. It is only in 2000 that a group of scientist related to the BIOTA/FAPESP program began a systematic analysis of the species composition of different taxonomic groups, as well as the analysis of ecological processes related with forest regeneration. The present manuscript introduces a series of nine articles with the biological data obtained in the Reserve these last four years, and aims also to present an historical and abiotic description of the Reserve, highlighting aspects of the relief, geologic and pedological conditions, climate, hydrography, land use and land cover.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1676-0603
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1590/S1676-06032006000200003
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
    Publication Date: 2006
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