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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aarhus :Aarhus University Press,
    Keywords: Genetics -- History. ; Genetics -- Research. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: Modellen har siden haft en kolossal indvirkning på videnskaben og samfundet.Indlejret i molekylets yndefulde kurver lå nøglen til en helt ny videnskab, molekylærbiologien, der over de efterfølgende 50 år har givet os en forbløffende indsigt i vores arts biologi. Ligeså betydningsfuld har indvirkningen været på lægevidenskaben, fødevareproduktionen og retssystemet. DNA er ikke længere noget, der kun interesserer forskere i laboratorier; det vedkommer os alle.Mennesket. Den genetiske arv giver i et letlæseligt sprog og ved hjælp af pædagogiske illustrationer sin læser redskaberne til at forstå den basale genetiske teori om DNA og det humane genom. Med udgangspunkt i denne teori tager forfatteren læseren på en spændende rejse, der belyser spørgsmålene om menneskets oprindelse, udvikling og sygdom. Bogen slutter med et bud på den fremtidige evolution inden for biologi.Peter K.A. Jensen er ledende overlæge ved Klinisk Genetisk Afdeling på Aarhus Universitetshospital. Han har tidligere udgivet populære bøger om menneskets oprindelse.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (233 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9788779349414
    Series Statement: Univers
    DDC: 575.109
    Language: Danish
    Note: Omslag -- Forside -- Titelside -- Kolofon -- Indhold -- Forord -- 1. DNA - livets hemmelighed -- Den moderne genetik grundlægges af Mendel -- Tiden før Mendel -- Kromosomerne er bærere af generne -- DNA er arvemassen -- Tiden efter Watson-Crick-modellen -- Rekombinant DNA-teknologi -- DNA-undersøgelse for arvelige sygdomme -- DNA-profilanalyse inden for retsmedicinen -- Molekylær antropologi og fossilt DNA -- 2. Menneskets arvemasse - Det humane genom -- Genomets kemi -- Et individs genom -- Proteiner -- Den genetiske kode -- Genomets struktur -- Genduplikation -- Transposition -- Genfunktion -- Celledelinger - mitose og meiose -- Genetiske markører -- Mitokondrie-DNA og Y-kromosomet -- 3. EvolutIon -- Genotypisk og fænotypisk variation -- Hvordan skabes den genetiske variation? -- 4. Menneskets oprindelse -- Menneskets plads i naturen -- Oprindelse af menneskelinjen -- Australopitheciner -- Menneskets første udvandring fra Afrika -- Oprindelsen af Homo sapiens -- Verden koloniseres -- Mongolske befolkninger og kolonisering af Central- og Østasien -- 5. Menneskehedens mangfoldighed -- Mønstre i fordeling af menneskets genetiske variation -- Racer og etniske grupper -- Hudfarve -- Eksempler på etniske grupper -- 6. Gener, evolution og sygdom -- Kost, livsstil og sygdom -- Evolutionshypotesen og livsstilssygdomme -- Founder-mutationer -- Infektionssygdomme og blodtyper -- CCR5-genet og AIDS -- Hæmoglobin og malaria -- Tay-Sachs sygdom og tuberkulose -- Evnen til at nedbryde mælkesukker -- Overfølsomhed for gluten -- 7. Hvor er vi nu - og i den nære fremtid? -- Udvikler mennesket sig fortsat? -- Manipulation af genomet -- Hvor er vi på vej hen? -- Ordliste -- Supplerende litteratur -- Indeks.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Esophagus, motility disorder ; Manometry ; Radiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Radiography and manometry of the esophagus were compared in 77 patients consecutively referred for manometric investigation on suspicion of esophageal motility disorder. Radiography and manometry were carried out simultaneously, and the results were assessed blindly. The examination comprised barium swallow, bread barium swallow, and barium swilling. Considering manometry as the standard, the overall sensitivity and specificity of the radiologic examinations were 90.4% and 92.0%, respectively. We conclude that radiology is an excellent investigation for the separation of patients with and without esophageal motility disorders, but correct subclassification often required manometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 82 (1984), S. 95-104 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: NaCl cotransport ; Na/Ca exchange ; cell volume ; intracellular Na activity ; ouabain ; KCl transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary WhenNecturus gallbladder epithelium is treated with ouabain the cells swell rapidly for 20–30 minutes then stabilize at a cell volume 30% greater than control. The cells then begin to shrink slowly to below control size. During the initial rapid swelling phase cell Na activity, measured with microelectrodes, rises rapidly. Calculations of the quantity of intracellular Na suggest that the volume increase is due to NaCl entry. Once the peak cell volume is achieved, the quantity of Na in the cell does not increase, suggesting that NaCl entry has been inhibited. We tested for inhibition of apical NaCl entry during ouabain treatment either by suddenly reducing the NaCl concentration in the mucosal bath or by adding bumetanide to the perfusate. Both maneuvers caused rapid cell shrinkage during the initial phase of the ouabain experiment, but had no effect on cell volume if performed during the slow shrinkage period. The lack of sensitivity to the composition of the mucosal bath during the shrinkage period occurred because of apparent feedback inhibition of NaCl entry. Another maneuver, reduction of the Na in the serosal bath to 10mm, also resulted in inhibition of apical NaCl uptake. The slow shrinkage which occurred after one or more hours of ouabain treatment was sensitive to the transmembrane gradients for K and Cl across the basolateral membrane and could be inhibited by bumetanide. Thus during pump inhibition inNecturus gallbladder epithelium cell Na and volume first increase due to continuing NaCl entry and then cell volume slowly decreases due to inhibition of the apical NaCl entry and activation of basolateral KCl exit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 6457-6466 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a general theory of equilibrium polymerization in a binary mixture by applying the n-vector model for magnetism in a weak field. Results are given for the temperature dependence of the order parameters, polymer length, and phase diagrams in the concentration–temperature plane. In addition to phase separations between two monomer phases and between a monomer and a polymer phase, the phase diagrams show the possibility of coexistence between two polymer phases with a critical point. It is shown that our theory becomes identical to the earlier theory for equilibrium copolymerization of Tobolsky and Owen when the molecular field approximation and some additional approximations are used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 131 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mechanisms that determine chromosome structure and chromosome partitioning in bacteria are largely unknown. Here we discuss two hypotheses: (i) the structure of the Escherichia coli nucleoid is determined by DNA binding proteins and DNA supercoiling, representing a compaction force on the one hand, and by the coupled transcription/translation/ translocation of plasma membrane and cell wall proteins, representing an expansion force on the other hand; (ii) the two forces are important for the partitioning process of chromosomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 639 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a group of autosomal dominantly inherited skin disorders characterized by the development of intra-epidermal skin blisters on mild mechanical trauma. The three major clinical subtypes (Weber-Cockayne, Koebner and Dowling-Meara) are all caused by mutations in either the keratin 5 (KRT5) or keratin 14 (KRT14) gene.Previously, we identified three novel KRT14 missense mutations in Danish EBS patients associated with the three different forms of EBS (1). The identified KRT14 mutations represent the full spectrum of the classical EBS subtypes. In the present study we investigated these mutations in a cellular expression system in order to analyse their effects on the keratin cytoskeleton. KRT14 expression vectors were constructed by fusing the nucleotide sequence encoding the FLAG reporter peptide to the 3′ end of the KRT14 cDNA sequences. The expression vectors were transiently transfected into normal human primary keratinocytes (NHK), HaCaT or HeLa cells in order to analyze the ability of the mutant K14 proteins to integrate into the existing endogenous keratin filament network (KFN).No effect on the keratin cytoskeleton was observed upon transfection of NHK with the various K14 constructs neither with nor without a subsequently induced heat-stress. In contrast, all constructs, including wild-type K14, caused collapse of the endogenous KFN in a small fraction of the transfected HeLa and HaCaT cells. However, overexpression of the mutation associated with the most severe form of the disease, EBS Dowling-Meara, resulted in a higher number of transfected HaCaT cells with KFN collapse (P 〈 0.001). Thus, although a background KFN perturbance was observed upon transfection with the wild-type K14 construct, the mutant protein associated with the most severe form of EBS worsened the KFN perturbation significantly compared with the mutant proteins associated with the milder forms of the disease and the normal K14 protein. This shows that the clinical severity of disease-associated mutations identified in patients can be tested using this expression system, although it can not at present be used to discriminate between the milder forms.Assessment of the endogenous K14 protein expression in NHK and HaCaT cells indicated that the higher level of endogenous keratin expression in NHK might make these cells more resistant to perturbation of the keratin cytoskeleton by overexpressed K14 protein than HaCaT cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Immunological reviews 172 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-065X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: Major histocompatibihty complex (MHC)-encoded glycoproteins bind peptide antigens through non-covalent interactions to generate complexes that are displayed on tbe surface of antigen-presenting cells (APC) for recognition by T ceils, Peptide-binding site occupancy is necessary for stable assembly of newly synthesized MHC proteins and export from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), The MHC class II antigen-processing pathway provides a mechanism for presentation of peptides generated in the endosomal pathway of APC, The chaperone protein, invariant chain, includes a surrogate peptide that stahilizes newly synthesized class II molecules during transport to endosomal compartments. The invariant chain-derived peptide must be replaced through a peptide exchange reaction that is promoted by acidic pH and the MHC-encoded co-factor HLA-DM, Peptide exchange reactions are not required for presentation of antigens by MHC class I molecules because they bind antigens during initial assembly in the ER, However, exchange reactions may play an important role in editing the repertoire of peptides presented by both class II and class I molecules, thus influencing the specificity of immunity and tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 411 (2001), S. 355-365 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are important regulators of intracellular signal-transduction pathways mediating development and multicellular communication in metazoans. Their activity is normally tightly controlled and regulated. Perturbation of PTK signalling by mutations and other genetic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 31 (1992), S. 164-171 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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