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  • Journals
  • OceanRep  (47)
  • EuroSea  (31)
  • Oxford Univ. Press  (16)
  • 1
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    Use of food web knowledge in environmental conservation and management of living resources in the Baltic Sea (2021)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Food webs are central entities mediating processes and external pressures in marine ecosystems. They are essential to understand and predict ecosystem dynamics and provision of ecosystem services. Paradoxically, utilization of food web knowledge in marine environmental conservation and resource management is limited. To better understand the use of knowledge and barriers to incorporation in management, we assess its application related to the management of eutrophication, chemical contamination, fish stocks, and non-indigenous species. We focus on the Baltic, a severely impacted, but also intensely studied and actively managed semi-enclosed sea. Our assessment shows food web processes playing a central role in all four areas, but application varies strongly, from formalized integration in management decisions, to support in selecting indicators and setting threshold values, to informal knowledge explaining ecosystem dynamics and management performance. Barriers for integration are complexity of involved ecological processes and that management frameworks are not designed to handle such information. We provide a categorization of the multi-faceted uses of food web knowledge and benefits of future incorporation in management, especially moving towards ecosystem-based approaches as guiding principle in present marine policies and directives. We close with perspectives on research needs to support this move considering global and regional change.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Integrating population genomics and biophysical models towards evolutionary-based fisheries management (2018)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 75 (4). pp. 1245-1257.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Overfishing and rapid environmental shifts pose severe challenges to the resilience and viability of marine fish populations. To develop and implement measures that enhance species’ adaptive potential to cope with those pressures while, at the same time, ensuring sustainable exploitation rates is part of the central goal of fisheries management. Here, we argue that a combination of biophysical modelling and population genomic assessments offer ideal management tools to define stocks, their physical connectivity and ultimately, their short-term adaptive potential. To date, biophysical modelling has often been confined to fisheries ecology whereas evolutionary hypotheses remain rarely considered. When identified, connectivity patterns are seldom explored to understand the evolution and distribution of adaptive genetic variation, a proxy for species’ evolutionary potential. Here, we describe a framework that expands on the conventional seascape genetics approach by using biophysical modelling and population genomics. The goals are to identify connectivity patterns and selective pressures, as well as putative adaptive variants directly responding to the selective pressures and, ultimately, link both to define testable hypotheses over species response to shifting ecological conditions and overexploitation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsx244
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Changes in inferred spawning areas of Todarodes pacificus(Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) due to changing environmental conditions (2000)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 57 (1). pp. 24-30.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: Annual catches of Todarodes pacificus in Japan have gradually increased since the late 1980s. Paralarval abundances have also been higher since the late 1980s compared to the late 1970s and mid-1980s. Here is proposed a possible scenario for the recent stock increase based on changing environmental conditions. Based on trends in annual variations in stock and in larval abundances, catches are reviewed and potential spawning areas inferred, assuming that egg masses and hatchlings occur over the continental shelf at temperatures between 15 and 23°C. Changes are then inferred in the spawning areas during 1984–1995, based on GIS data. Since the late 1980s, the autumn and winter spawning areas in the Tsushima Strait and near the Goto Islands appear to have overlapped, and winter spawning sites seem to have expanded over the continental shelf and slope in the East China Sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1006/jmsc.2000.0667
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Developing an Observing Air–Sea Interactions Strategy (OASIS) for the global ocean (2023)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: The Observing Air–Sea Interactions Strategy (OASIS) is a new United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development programme working to develop a practical, integrated approach for observing air–sea interactions globally for improved Earth system (including ecosystem) forecasts, CO2 uptake assessments called for by the Paris Agreement, and invaluable surface ocean information for decision makers. Our “Theory of Change” relies upon leveraged multi-disciplinary activities, partnerships, and capacity strengthening. Recommendations from 〉40 OceanObs’19 community papers and a series of workshops have been consolidated into three interlinked Grand Ideas for creating #1: a globally distributed network of mobile air–sea observing platforms built around an expanded array of long-term time-series stations; #2: a satellite network, with high spatial and temporal resolution, optimized for measuring air–sea fluxes; and #3: improved representation of air–sea coupling in a hierarchy of Earth system models. OASIS activities are organized across five Theme Teams: (1) Observing Network Design & Model Improvement; (2) Partnership & Capacity Strengthening; (3) UN Decade OASIS Actions; (4) Best Practices & Interoperability Experiments; and (5) Findable–Accessible–Interoperable–Reusable (FAIR) models, data, and OASIS products. Stakeholders, including researchers, are actively recruited to participate in Theme Teams to help promote a predicted, safe, clean, healthy, resilient, and productive ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Scientific model validation report during the demonstration period (2023)
    EuroSea
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-19
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
  • 6
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    Development of targeted indicators and their uncertainties for demonstrators and Forecasts (2022)
    EuroSea
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This deliverable reports on the achievements of the EuroSea project in developing targeted indicators co-designed with demonstrators (WPs 5–7) and forecasts (WP4). For this, the indicators implemented are expressed in term of Essential Ocean/Climate Variables (EOVs/ECVs) together with their requirements. The co-development undertaken address ocean indicators for all range of scales: from the large, basin scale to the regional and local scales. Such approach as well as the proposed solution to focus, at regional/local scales, on EEZs, represent one of the innovative results of EuroSea that will help to rationalize risks assessments and guide environmental management approaches in European Seas.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/book
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
  • 7
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    Demonstration of annual/quarterly assessments and description of the production system (2022)
    EuroSea
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-04
    Description: This task set out to increase communication between the ocean monitoring and modelling communities in the Baltic Sea area. Through these improved communications, the goal was to advance and improve the HELCOM marine environmental assessments. To gain confidence in the numerical model outputs, an effort was undertaken to ensure ocean observing in-situ data, collected by multiple nations in the Baltic Sea, was assimilated into a numerical model. Here, we report on the development of indicators, as requested by our stakeholders, and we discuss if the Baltic Sea numerical modelling efforts are ready to augment regional environmental status reports, and can our results help guide environmental management in the region.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/book
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
  • 8
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    Female ovarian abnormalities and reproductive failure of autumn-spawning herring (Clupea harengus membras) in the Baltic Sea (2015)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 72 (8). pp. 2332-2340.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-29
    Description: Fecundity and reproductive potential are important factors to be considered in evaluating trajectories and demographic predictions of fish populations. Therefore, characterizing the nature and quantifying the extent of any reproductive failure should be considered in fisheries studies. Here, we describe morphological changes in developed ovaries of autumn-spawning herring (Clupea harengus membras) caught in the northern Baltic Sea and evaluate the magnitude of this phenomenon during 3 consecutive years. Visibly, abnormal ovaries were histologically characterized by irregular-shaped oocytes in a vitellogenic or final maturation stage with coagulative necrosis and liquefaction of the yolk sphere, degraded follicle membranes, and fibrinous adhesion among oocytes. Such degeneration is presumed to cause complete infertility in the fish. The frequency of fish with abnormal ovaries varied annually between 10 and 15% among all females sampled. However, specific sampling events showed up to 90% females with abnormal gonads. The specific cause of this abnormality remains unknown; however, prevalence was associated with unfavourable environmental conditions encountered before spawning. Thus, ovarian abnormality was positively related to water temperatures, with the highest level found at ≥15°C and negatively related to the frequency of strong winds. The frequency of occurrence of abnormal gonads decreased with the progression of spawning from August to October. The observed abnormality and associated spawning failure will negatively affect the realized fecundity of autumn herring in the Baltic Sea and may act as a limiting factor for recovery of the stock, which has experienced profound depression during the last three decades.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsv103
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    A three-dimensional view on biodiversity changes: spatial, temporal, and functional perspectives on fish communities in the Baltic Sea (2018)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 75 (7). pp. 2463-2475.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Fisheries and marine ecosystem-based management requires a holistic understanding of the dynamics of fish communities and their responses to changes in environmental conditions. Environmental conditions can simultaneously shape the spatial distribution and the temporal dynamics of a population, which together can trigger changes in the functional structure of communities. Here, we developed a comprehensive framework based on complementary multivariate statistical methodologies to simultaneously investigate the effects of environmental conditions on the spatial, temporal and functional dynamics of species assemblages. The framework is tested using survey data collected during more than 4000 fisheries hauls over the Baltic Sea between 2001 and 2016. The approach revealed the Baltic fish community to be structured into three sub-assemblages along a strong and temporally stable salinity gradient decreasing from West to the East. Additionally, we highlight a mismatch between species and functional richness associated with a lower functional redundancy in the Baltic Proper compared with other sub-areas, suggesting an ecosystem more susceptible to external pressures. Based on a large dataset of community data analysed in an innovative and comprehensive way, we could disentangle the effects of environmental changes on the structure of biotic communities-key information for the management and conservation of ecosystems.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: archive
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsy027
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    Fisher behavior influences catch productivity and selectivity in West Hawaii’s aquarium fishery (2011)
    Oxford Univ. Press
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68 (5). pp. 813-822.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: In 1999, marine protected areas (MPAs) were implemented along the west coast of the Big Island of Hawaii, closing ~35% of the coastline to aquarium fishing. Catch per unit effort and total catch of the most commonly targeted fish, yellow tang (Zebrasoma flavescens), have increased since the implementation of the MPAs, yet its abundance has declined by 45% in areas open to aquarium fishing between 1999 and 2007. How effort allocation, harvesting efficiencies, and job satisfaction influence catch productivity and selectivity in West Hawaii’s aquarium fishery are investigated, and how these dynamics explain the discrepancy between catch rates and relative abundance for yellow tang is discussed. Cross-sectional fisher questionnaires, semi-structured fisher interviews, and in situ and ex situ catch analyses were performed. The results indicate that fishers dive deeper when reef fish recruitment is perceived as weak, increase harvest efficiency with larger fishing teams, and intensively harvest “coral-friendly” reef fish to supply the global aquarium fish trade. Experienced fishers were less likely to exit the fishery, and job satisfaction was high despite declining fish stocks. These findings may help explain harvesting efficiencies and fleet investment, underscore the importance for evaluating fisher behaviours, and have potential management implications for other aquarium fisheries.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsr020
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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