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  • Articles  (583)
  • 2010-2014  (583)
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  • Articles  (583)
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  • 1
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    Early to mid-Holocene lake high-stand sediments at Lake Donggi Cona, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, China — Comment to the paper published by Dietze et al., Quaternary Research 79 (2013), 325-336 (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-31
    Description: Publication date: January 2015 Source: Quaternary Research, Volume 83, Issue 1 Author(s): Steffen Mischke , Chengjun Zhang , Rong Fan
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 2
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    Sedimentary proxy evidence of a mid-Holocene hypsithermal event in the location of a current warming hole, North Carolina, USA (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-28
    Description: Publication date: Available online 27 December 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Benjamin R. Tanner , Chad S. Lane , Elizabeth M. Martin , Robert Young , Beverly Collins A wetland deposit from the southern Appalachian mountains of North Carolina, USA, has been radiocarbon dated and shows continuous deposition from the early Holocene to the present. Non-coastal records of Holocene paleoenvironments are rare from the southeastern USA. Increased stable carbon isotope ratios (δ 13 C) of sedimentary organic matter and pollen percentages indicate warm, dry early- to mid-Holocene conditions. This interpretation is also supported by n -alkane biomarker data and bulk sedimentary C/N ratios. These warm, dry conditions coincide with a mid-Holocene hypsithermal, or altithermal, documented elsewhere in North America. Our data indicate that the southeastern USA warmed concurrently with much of the rest of the continent during the mid-Holocene. If the current “warming hole” in the southeastern USA persists, during a time of greenhouse gas-induced warming elsewhere, it will be anomalous both in space and time.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 3
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    Directly dated MIS 3 lake-level record from Lake Manix, Mojave Desert, California, USA (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Description: Publication date: Available online 16 December 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Marith C. Reheis , David M. Miller , John P. McGeehin , Joanna R. Redwine , Charles G. Oviatt , Jordon Bright An outcrop-based lake-level curve, constrained by ~ 70 calibrated 14 C ages on Anodonta shells, indicates at least 8 highstands between 45 and 25 cal ka BP within 10 m of the 543-m upper threshold of Lake Manix in the Mojave Desert of southern California. Correlations of Manix highstands with ice, marine, and speleothem records suggest that at least the youngest three highstands coincide with Dansgaard–Oeschger (D–O) stadials and Heinrich events 3 and 4. The lake-level record is consistent with results from speleothem studies in the Southwest that indicate cool wet conditions during D–O stadials. Notably, highstands between 43 and 25 ka apparently occurred at times of generally low levels of pluvial lakes farther north as interpreted from core-based proxies. Mojave lakes may have been supported by tropical moisture sources during oxygen-isotope stage 3, perhaps controlled by southerly deflection of Pacific storm tracks due to weakening of the sea-surface temperature gradient in response to North Atlantic climate perturbations.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 4
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    Lichenometric dating: Science or pseudo-science? (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-13
    Description: Publication date: Available online 12 December 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Gerald Osborn , Daniel McCarthy , Aline LaBrie , Randall Burke The popular technique of estimating ages of deposits from sizes of lichens continues despite valid criticism, and without agreement on range of utility, treatment of error, and methods of measurement, sampling, and data handling. A major source of error is the assumption that the largest lichen(s) colonized soon after deposition and will survive indefinitely. Recent studies on lichen mortality suggest that this assumption is untenable. Meanwhile, the use of “growth curves” constructed from independently dated substrates is problematic for many reasons, but this has not prevented the publication of baseless claims of accuracy and ages that are extrapolated well beyond data. Experiments indicate that numeric lichenometric ages are not reliable, and in general do not advance the cause of Quaternary science. There are a few studies suggesting reliability, and indeed there may be cases where lichens and growth curves actually provide realistic numerical ages. But it cannot be foretold which lichen assemblages will provide good ages and which bad ages. The logical conclusion is that no assumption of good ages can be made, and that it is folly to assign numerical ages to a deposit on the basis of lichen sizes.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 5
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    A soil chronosequence on Lake Mega-Frome beach ridges and its implications for late Quaternary pedogenesis and paleoenvironmental conditions in the drylands of southern Australia (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-10
    Description: Publication date: Available online 9 December 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Jan-Hendrik May , Stephen G. Wells , Timothy J. Cohen , Samuel K. Marx , Gerald C. Nanson , Sophie E. Baker The terminal lake systems of central Australia are key sites for the reconstruction of late Quaternary paleoenvironments. Paleoshoreline deposits around these lakes reflect repeated lake filling episodes and such landforms have enabled the establishment of a luminescence-based chronology for filling events in previous studies. Here we present a detailed documentation of the morphology and chemistry of soils developed in four well-preserved beach ridges of late Pleistocene and mid-to-late Holocene age at Lake Callabonna to assess changes in dominant pedogenic processes. All soil profiles contain evidence for the incorporation of eolian-derived material, likely via the formation of desert pavements and vesicular horizons, and limited illuviation due to generally shallow wetting fronts. Even though soil properties in the four studied profiles also provide examples of parent material influence or site-specific processes related to the geomorphic setting, there is an overall trend of increasing enrichment of eolian-derived material since at least ~ 33 ka. Compared to the Holocene profiles, the derived average accumulation rates for the late Pleistocene profiles are significantly lower and may suggest that soils record important regional changes in paleoenvironments and dust dynamics related to shifts in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 6
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    Macro-economic cycles related to climate change in dynastic China (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-04
    Description: Publication date: Available online 3 December 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Zhudeng Wei , Arlene M. Rosen , Xiuqi Fang , Yun Su , Xuezhen Zhang Investigations of the relationships between climate and human history often place more emphasis on the science of climate change than on understanding human socio-economic processes, and therefore suffer from superficial results and an unbalanced perspective. This is partly due to the lack of high-resolution data concerning long-term socio-economic processes. Here, we base our study of climate and society on a series of 2130-yr-long economic proxy data from China with decadal resolution. The economy was associated significantly with temperature and precipitation at the two predominant bands of 100 and 320 yr. The phase transition of economic states was influenced positively by long-term temperature change combined with triggering effects of short-term changes in precipitation. However, climatic impact on economy should not be recognized as simple causality but some driving–response relation coupled with meditation by human agency at multiple scales. A model of ‘adaptive cycles’ implies, in relative to the developing phases, climate–economy relationship during the declining phases was more easily moderated by slower processes like rigidity and faster processes like unrest. From a more-macro perspective, climatic driving for the macro-economic cycles was moderated by larger and slower processes like social memory, spatial shifting of key economic areas, and social–technical advance.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 7
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    Late Glacial lake-level changes in the Lake Karakul basin (a closed glacierized-basin), eastern Pamirs, Tajikistan (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-30
    Description: Publication date: Available online 29 November 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Tetsuya Komatsu , Sumiko Tsukamoto The lake-level variations during the Late Glacial in the Lake Karakul basin (a closed glacierized-basin), in the northernmost part of the eastern Pamirs, were reconstructed using geomorphological and sedimentological evidence, with a chronology developed using luminescence ages from sand-sized quartz and K-feldspar in the lake sediments. Lake transgression started before ~ 19 ka, with the peak water level of ~ 35 m above the present elevation occurring at ~ 15 ka. This was synchronous with a significant advance of the glacier in the catchment. Stepwise lake regression, including a rapid lowering of the lake level (~ 13 m at ~ 12 ka), persisted until at least ~ 10 ka. Lake transgression and localized glacier expansion from ~ 19 to ~ 15 ka likely correlate with the more regional Late Glacial glacier advances across the semi-arid western Himalayan–Tibetan orogen and the eastern Pamirs. The longer-term trend of this lake transgression was probably caused by colder and/or wetter climatic conditions, forcing a notable glacier advance.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 8
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    Implication of boron isotope geochemistry for the pedogenic environments in loess and paleosol sequences of central China (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-23
    Description: Publication date: Available online 22 November 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Hai-Zhen Wei , Fang Lei , Shao-Yong Jiang , Hua-Yu Lu , Ying-Kai Xiao , Han-Zhi Zhang , Xue-Feng Sun We investigated the boron isotopic composition in loess–paleosol sequences in five different profiles in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Three possible boron sources are identified: atmospheric input, carbonates, and weathered silicate rocks. Variations of [Sr], [B], δ 11 B and the magnetic susceptibility correlate well with the pedogenetic intensity in three out of the five studied profiles, where pedogenesis under a cold–dry climate indicates lower δ 11 B, lower [B], lower magnetic susceptibility and higher [Sr] values. Exceptions to the variations between the δ 11 B and other known proxies were observed in arenaceous soils and the Red Clay sequence: the former suggested that vertical redistribution probably occurred with the boron migration, and the latter indicated an unknown mechanism of susceptibility enhancement. A better correlation between the δ 11 B and magnetic susceptibility and the quantitative estimation of boron budget from each source confirms the influence of paleoenvironmental changes on boron geochemical cycle. Significant positive correlations in Sr/Ca vs. B/Ca and Mg/Ca vs. B/Ca reflect consistent enrichment behavior of those mobile elements into calcium carbonate. The preliminary results imply that boron isotopic compositions in soils can be a potential geochemical proxy to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental changes in loess–paleosol sequences.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 9
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    Early to mid-Holocene lake high-stand sediments at Lake Donggi Cona, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, China—Response to comments by Mischke et al., Quaternary Research 79(3), pp. 325–336 (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-22
    Description: Publication date: Available online 21 November 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Elisabeth Dietze , Gregori Lockot , Kai Hartmann , Frank Lehmkuhl , Georg Stauch , Bernd Wünnemann
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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  • 10
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    Tectonic and climatic inferences from the terrace staircase in the Meduna valley, eastern Southern Alps, NE Italy (2014)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-22
    Description: Publication date: Available online 21 November 2014 Source: Quaternary Research Author(s): Giovanni Monegato , Maria Eliana Poli Results of stratigraphic and morphotectonic analyses on fluvial terraces at the outlet of the Meduna valley in the eastern Southern Alps are used to investigate on the tectonics and paleoclimate. The Meduna valley, prone to destructive earthquakes, belongs to the front of the eastern Southern Alps, a south-verging fold and thrust belt in evolution from the Middle Miocene to the present, constructed by ENE–WSW striking, SSE-verging medium to low-angle thrusts, gradually propagating in the Venetian–Friulian plain. In the study area, located south of the Periadriatic thrust, the main structural element is the ENE–WSW striking Maniago–M. Jouf thrust system. Seven depositional units, ranging in age from Pliocene to Holocene, and a hierarchy of four numbered terrace complexes were identified. Stratigraphic and geometric relationships between sedimentary units, basal surfaces and terraces allow the reconstruction of the chronology of the depositional events. The study shows that the valley configuration has been shaped during the Pliocene–Quaternary with long-lasting steady intervals, interspaced with periodic tectonic pulses of the thrust front of the eastern Southern Alps. The most recent pulse related to the Maniago thrust shows an upper Pleistocene–Holocene slip rate of about 0.6 mm/yr.
    Print ISSN: 0033-5894
    Electronic ISSN: 1096-0287
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Cambridge University Press
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