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  • 1
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In thirty patients with common migraine the platelet concentrations of met-enkephalin immunoreactivity (ME) (76 ± 9 pg/mg protein) were similar to those in 23 healthy volunteers (77 ± 5), suggesting that there is no alteration in the ME pool in this biochemical compartment in migraine. Chronic treatment (4 weeks) with drugs that interfere with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) synthesis or uptake induced the expected changes in platelet 5-HT levels, i.e. a rise following administration of the 5-HT precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (daily dose: 300–500 mg, n = 9) and a decrease after amine uptake inhibition by amitryptyline (30–75 mg, n = 7) and even more by chlorimipramine (30–50 mg, n = 9). Platelet ME concentrations rose by up to ∼90% over the basal values after either 5-hydroxytryptophan (significantly from week 2) or amitriptyline (at week 2) and were unchanged after chlorimipramine, indicating that 5-HT and ME concentrations in platelets can vary independently. The high platelet ME levels following 5-hydroxytryptophan and amitriptyline cannot be explained at present. They might be due either to increased ME synthesis, possibly in the megakaryocyte, or to decreased utilization by platelets or both.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 4 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ambulatory ECG recordings have been carried out in five patients suffering from CPH. During the study a total of 105 attacks occurred. Contrary to findings in cluster headache, no typical pattern of heart rate change was found in association with attacks of CPH. A striking finding in all patients, however, was that there were often large and rapid variations in heart rate which could be observed “before”, “during” or “after” the attacks. One patient developed bradycardia and sino-atrial block and another bundle branch block together with episodes of atrial fibrillation in association with attacks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 4 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Autonomic functions have been studied in seven patients with chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH). A test battery comprising tearing, salivation and nasal secretion was employed. Under basal conditions these parameters did not differ significantly from those in a control group. After stimulation with pilocarpine the patients responded rather inhomogeneously. This test battery may therefore help find and classify subgroups of these types of patients. During attacks, there is a clear discrepancy between minimal salivation on the one hand and the marked increase in tearing, nasal secretion and sweating on the other. CPH attacks may be associated with an increased firing of sympathetic impulses to the different organs. In the event of a uniform type of autonomic firing taking place during attack, these findings may suggest a different innervation pattern for the salivary glands compared to the other glands involved. The innervation pattern of these secretory organs may seem to be more intricate and sophisticated than hitherto assumed.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 4 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Self-ratings with respect to headache and five mood dimensions were obtained twice daily from five patients suffering from migraine and six patients suffering from muscle-contraction headache during a mean period of 47.9 days (range: 38–61). The data were analysed by multiple regression, with the rated headache as dependent variable. Different time intervals between measurement of the independent variables and measurement of the dependent variable were used. A significant time-dependent relation was found between the migraine ratings and the alertness ratings. Significant time-dependent relations were also found between rated muscle-contraction headache and rated anger and alertness, respectively, but the trends were not very pronounced. In the case of no time lag, rated muscle-contraction headache tended to be negatively related to rated alertness, happiness and concentration. Significant periodic trends were found for both the migraine and the muscle-contraction headache. The major findings are discussed in terms of stress and biological rhythms.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 3 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 3 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This disorder has failed to achieve the status of general recognition among the cephalic neuralgias. Whether its orphanage derives from narrow-minded expulsion from the neurological domain of cephalic neuralgias to the ENT-field, or can be attributed to its rarity (though this did not keep glossopharyngeal neuralgia from rightfully assuming its place among equals), or to the hazy outlines of the disorder, remains a question more readily posed than answered. Yet, if it shares with Sluder’s sphenopalatine neuralgia an uncertain clinical identity, there are a sufficient number of observable clinical data from which to conclude the reality of this neuralgia. A review of pertinent reports should enable the reader to make up his own mind.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 3 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Tachyphylaxis (TPX) to the spasmogenic activity of 5HT can be demonstrated in vivo in the superficial hand dorsal veins in man by the computerized venotest. The 5HT-TPX is reverted by previous local naloxone administration. Tachyphylaxis to 5HT is usually absent in the migraineur. The restored 5HT spasmogenic effect by naloxone suggests the possibility of local opioid apparatus participation in TPX to 5HT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 3 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study has been to establish a battery of tests of autonomic functions: Quantification of submandibular/sublingual salivation, nasal secretion and tearing on both sides. The tests were performed in a control group of 20 healthy students. We used a parasympatomimetic drug, pilocarpine 0.1 mg/kg body weight, to stimulate the different secretory functions. Saliva was collected with a pair of dentistry spiral suctions. Tearing was assessed with Schirmer’s test tapes. Nasal secretion was quantified using Schirmer’s test tapes, too. Nasal secretion and salivation on average was fairly symmetrical, whereas there was some asymmetry in tearing (which may be artificial). In single individuals, there may be considerable asymmetry in salivation as well. This test battery will be used in the study of possible autonomic dysfunctions in patients with unilateral headache.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 3 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In eight patients with chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH), forehead sweating was measured after various provocation tests-body heating, exercise, and subcutaneous pilocarpine administration (0.1 mg/kg body weight). Evaporation was measured bilaterally on the forehead with an Evaporimeter (in g/m2/h). This was carried out in a thermo room under standardized conditions. There was no definite deficit in heat-induced or exercise-induced sweating on the symptomatic side of the forehead, contrary to findings in cluster headache. Neither did pilocarpine lead to any marked initial, temporary predominance of sweating on the symptomatic side, which has previously been found in cluster headache. In cluster headache there may be denervation supersensitivity of the sweat glands in the forehead of the symptomatic side. The present study does not therefore provide evidence for supersensitivity phenomena which could explain the homolateral forehead sweating increase seen during attacks in some CPH patients. The localized sweating increase in the forehead during attacks of CPH may possibly be a result of direct sympathetic stimulation.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 3 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A retrospective method was used to estimate the incidence of recurring motion-sickness, cyclic vomiting and abdominal pain considered as different manifestations of a so-called periodic syndrome in 100 migraine sufferers, 100 epileptics and 100 control subjects in the pediatric age group. Such recurrent symptoms are significantly more frequent in those suffering from migraine than in the other two groups. Examination of subgroups of patients affected by particular forms of migraine (classical and common) and of epilepsy (generalized seizures, simple partial seizures, complex partial seizures) contributed little new to our understanding of the nature of periodic syndrome. It is concluded that the above symptoms of periodic syndrome should generally be considered as manifestations of a migrainous rather than of an epileptic disorder.
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