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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (7,463)
  • 1990-1994  (7,463)
  • 1955-1959
Document type
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatography as a reference technique for the determination of clinically important steroids (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990), S. 1-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Chromatographic methods (paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) for the determination of clinically important steroids in biological specimens are reviewed. The emphasis is on the use of gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography as reference rather than routine techniques. Chromatographic methods are compared with colorimetric, fluorimetric and radioimmunoassay procedures in terms of simplicity of operation, cost and ability to analyse large numbers of specimens. The importance of correct specimen collection and storage are discussed. Sample preparation techniques for the various analytical methods are described. These include extraction of free and conjugated steroids from serum, plasma, urine and saliva by solvent partition, with polymer-based resins such as Amberlite XAD-2, DEAE-Sephadex and Sephadex resins bonded with various other function groups and, more recently, with chemically bonded reversed-phase silicas.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040102
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of an Isocratic Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatographic System for the Separation of Fourteen Steroids Using Factorial Design and Computer Simulation (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990), S. 34-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An optimization strategy for an isocratic reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic system (RP-HPLC) is described. Factorial design and a computer program are used to predict the retention time and resolution of fourteen steroids. An optimized rapid (〈25 min) isocratic RP-HPLC system for the satisfactory separation of cortisone, cortisol, corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, prednisone acetate and dexamethasone acetate has been developed using this strategy through eight experiments.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040106
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040101
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040201
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quinidine oxidative metabolism. Identification and biosynthesis of quinidine 10,11-dihydrodiol stereoisomers (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990), S. 61-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The isocratic reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method proposed for quinidine metabolic studies facilitates particularly the separation of 10(R) and (S) isomers of quinidine 10,11-dihydrodiols. The finding of each of these forms following a new synthetic pathway allows us to identify and quantify them in biological fluids. These two isomers have especially been observed in rat bile and hepatocyte secretions. The metabolic inducing effect of phenobarbital on the oxidative metabolism of quinidine is verified in rat isolated hepatocytes. Simultaneous secretion of the two dihydrodiols is also verified in human urine by a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry procedure.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040205
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the effects of imidazole on the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection system for high performance liquid chromatography (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990), S. 100-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The catalytic effect of bases (imidazole, pyridine, Tris and triethylamine) on the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (PO-CL) reaction for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was investigated. Imidazole increased PO-CL intensity extraordinarily, whereas the other bases (pyridine, Tris and triethylamine) did not. The peak heights of dipyridamole (coronary vasodilator) obtained using the eluents containing buffers were largest at pH 7.0, a few times less at pH 6.0 and pH 5.0, 100 times less at pH 4.0 and a few hundred times less at pH 3.0. The eluents containing buffers at pH 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 each with imidazole increased the peak heights by a few to ten times as compared with those without imidazole, and those peak heights were within one order of magnitude. On the other hand, the eluent containing buffer at pH 2 did not affect the peak heights with or without imidazole. Bis(4-nitro-2-(3,6,9-trioxadecyloxycarbonyl)phenyl) oxalate (TDPO) alone and bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl)oxalate (DNPO) plus TDPO were recommended to be used against eluents containing buffers of pH 5 - 7 and pH 3 - 4, respectively. Dipyridamole and benzydamine hydrochloride (anti-inflamatory drug) were separated on the ODS column and detected by the present system. The detection limits of dipyridamole and benzydamine hydrochloride were 40 amol and 270 fmol, respectively.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040305
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High performance liquid chromatographic assay of Amicar, ε-aminocaproic acid, in plasma and urine after pre-column derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde for fluorescence detection (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990), S. 175-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A simple, reliable and highly sensitive procedure was devised for measuring the levels of Amicar in blood and urine. 100 μL of serum or urine sample was added to 10 μL of a 10% w/v zinc sulfate solution and 100 μL of methanol, as previously described (Lam et al., 1980) for the removal of proteins by precipitation. 50 μL of the supernatant was then mixed with 300 μL of 1 M borate buffer containing D-valine as the internal standard before derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde. The amino acids were then separated by a stereoselective reversed-phase system using a mobile phase containing 10% of acetonitrile in 2.5 mM Cu(II) complexes of L-proline. The chromatography is highly selective, resolving Amicar from L-valine which in turn is resolved from its unnatural D-antipode, the internal standard. The procedure including sample preparation and separation required a total of 15 min. As little as 50 ng/mL of Amicar in body fluids could be detected as the o-phthalaldehyde derivative by fluorescence.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040414
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of individual bile acids in serum by high performance liquid chromatography (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990), S. 136-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for analysis of 4 free and 8 conjugated bile acids in submicromolar quantities in serum is described using precolumn derivatization with 4-bromomethyl-7-methoxy-coumarin (BMC) and fluorescence detection. Bile acids were extracted from serum with 0.4 M sodium bicarbonate, adsorbed onto a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and eluted with methanol. The extract was derivatized with BMC in acetonitrile using 18-crown-6 crown ether as catalyst and the BMC labelled glycine conjugates and free bile acids were analysed using acetonitrile + methanol + water gradient elution and detection at 320/385 nm.Using a novel and simple approach, taurine conjugates were isolated by extracting the dried, derivatized material with water, in contrast to previous methods which required column chromatography cleanup to isolate the taurine conjugates prior to derivatization. The isolated taurine conjugates were then hydrolysed enzymatically, extracted, derivatized and analysed as free-bile acids.Recoveries of individual bile acids varied from 83 - 96% for free and glycine conjugates and 72 - 83% for taurine conjugates. Coefficients of variation were in the range of 5.1 - 12.5%. In addition to the simpler and shorter procedure for taurine conjugates, this method has increased sensitivity over most other procedures and improved HPLC separation for the various bile acids and conjugates with equivalent recovery and reproducibility compared with other published methods.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040403
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel filtration high performance liquid chromatography of envelope polypeptide variants of herpes simplex type 1 strains (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990), S. 148-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a TSK-4000SW gel filtration column was used to compare envelope polypeptides from four strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The chromatographic profiles demonstrated polypeptide variability among three clinical strains and the wild-type F strain. Radioimmunoprecipitation of the HPLC fractions with polyclonal anti-HSV-1 followed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of the immunoprecipitates revealed molecular weight differences of various polypeptides in fractions from the area containing major peaks. This HPLC method could prove useful for the analysis of polypeptide polymorphism in clinical isolates of HSV-1, as well as in other viruses.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040406
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of urinary tryptophan and its metabolites along the nicotinic acid pathway by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 4 (1990), S. 24-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A fast and sensitive method is given for analysing urinary tryptophan and six of its metabolites on the nicotinic acid pathway. Kynurenine, tryptophan, 3-hydroxykynurenine, anthranilic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, kynurenic acid and xanthurenic acid were isocratically eluted and completely resolved with a mobile phase of acetonitrile + sodium acetate buffer, pH 4.76 (4:96, v/v). The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min at the beginning and was then linearly increased to 1.2 after 6 min; after 14 min the flow was augmented from 1.2 to 2 mL/min. The effluent was monitored with a variable UV detector set at 254 nm for the first five peaks and at 280 and 325 nm for the penultimate peak and final peak. Analytical recoveries of the compounds after deproteinization varied between 64% and 98%. The reported method should enable one to examine easily, extensively, quantitatively and routinely urinary tryptophan and the most important metabolites of the nicotinic acid pathway.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130040104
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