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  • ddc:330  (17)
  • Course of study: MSc Biological Oceanography  (5)
  • 2010-2014  (22)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The food and agricultural sector will face numerous challenges in the next decades, arising from changing global production and consumption patterns, which currently go along with high resource use, causing ecological and socio-economic impacts. The aim of this paper is to illustrate and evaluate the practical applicability of the Hot Spot Analysis methodology in the context of supply chain management in companies. The HSA is a method to identify social and ecological problems along the entire life cycle of a product. Special emphasis is put on a customized implementation in the value chain beef of McDonald's Germany. The HSA of McDonald's beef value chain shows that the main ecological problems arise in the phase of raw material extraction, whereas the main social problems can be identified in the phase of slaughtering. Finally, the paper shows potentials and shortcomings of such a customized application and how the results can be implemented in the sustainability management of a company.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The European electricity market is linked to a carbon market with a fixed cap that limits greenhouse gas emissions. At the same time, a number of energy efficiency policy instruments in the EU aim at reducing the electricity consumption. This article explores the interactions between the EU's carbon market on the one hand and instruments specifically targeted towards energy end-use efficiency on the other hand. Our theoretical analysis shows how electricity demand reduction triggered by energy efficiency policy instruments affects the emission trading scheme. Without adjustments of the fixed cap, decreasing electricity demand (relative to business-as-usual) reduces the carbon price without reducing total emissions. With lower carbon prices, costly low emission processes will be substituted by cheaper high emitting processes. Possible electricity and carbon price effects of electricity demand reduction scenarios under various carbon caps are quantified with a long-term electricity market simulation model. The results show that electricity efficiency policies allow for a significant reduction of the carbon cap. Compared to the 2005 emission level, 30% emission reductions can be achieved by 2020 within the emission trading scheme with similar or even lower costs for the industrial sector than were expected when the cap was initially set for a 21% emission reduction.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The optimization of value chains is an important process to promote sustainable development, since value chains are closely linked to the satisfaction of human needs and combine different driving forces for environmental change. This article presents a methodological approach for the participatory development of value-chain wide sustainability indicator sets and their integration into a decision support tool in the specific case study of the chain "construction and refurbishment with wood". There are numerous indicator sets for sustainable development of forests and sustainable forestry available at different levels, ranging from local, regional and national to global scale assessments. Some efforts were also made to integrate later production stages of forest value chains (such as wood processing) in the assessment scope (e.g. for chain-of-custody certification). However, no indicator set has so far been available covering environmental, social and economic aspects for the entire value chain of building with timber. This gap was closed through applied sustainability research in the project "Holzwende 2020: Sustainable future markets for wood in the building sector".
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: There are a variety of economic and ecological benefits to increased resource efficiency. Social, institutional and technical innovations can all contribute towards efficiency increases. Companies face different hurdles in fostering such innovation. Small and medium-sized companies are subject to specific constraints that may prevent them from benefiting from innovation-induced resource efficiency improvements. Qualitative interviews were conducted among German small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and intermediaries to identify barriers for resource efficiency innovations and to elaborate a policy mix at the federal level that could help SMEs to overcome these. We found five major barriers to resource efficiency innovations in German SMEs, comprising deficits in innovation culture, inter-firm cooperation along the value chain, finance, awareness and take-up of government funds. We propose a distinct policy mix as a response to this situation. The policy mix comprises the interlocking and synergistic elements of government funding schemes, innovation agents and innovation laboratories.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    In:  (PhD/ Doctoral thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 107 pp
    Publication Date: 2019-03-21
    Description: Originating from East Asia, the perennial red macroalga Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Ohmi) Papenfuss has successfully invaded several temperate areas of the Northern hemisphere and continues to spread. In its new range, the seaweed tends to form local mass appearances and to dominate the native community. A high tolerance towards both abiotic and biotic environmental stressors could explain the invasion success of this species. I therefore compared the stress resistance of G. vermiculophylla from six native populations from South Korea and China and eight invasive populations from Europe and NW-Mexico. In short-term experiments G. vermiculophylla individuals were exposed to 1) heat shock, 2) UV-C-radiation and 3) elevated copper concentrations in the water. In a long-term experiment the seaweed had to cope with depletion stress (darkness in combination with low temperature and dryness) for several months. All experiments were carried out twice - one time in the native range in Qingdao, China and one time in the invaded range in Kiel, Germany - to rule out local acclimation effects. In order to compare the resistance against herbivory individuals of native and invasive G. vermiculophylla populations were fed to snails from the native (Littorina brevicula) and the invasive (Littorina littorea) range. In the Baltic Sea, G. vermiculophylla might threaten the habitat-forming native brown alga Fucus vesiculosus through direct competition for resources and by providing a shelter for mesograzers, which prefer to feed on F. vesiculosus. Mesocosm-experiments were conducted over one year in the Kiel Fjord in order to test the direct and indirect effects of G. vermiculophylla on F. vesiculosus.
    Keywords: Course of study: MSc Biological Oceanography
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    In:  (Master thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany, 62 pp
    Publication Date: 2014-01-15
    Keywords: Course of study: MSc Biological Oceanography
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2018-11-23
    Description: The concept Material Input per Service Unit (MIPS) was developed 20 years ago as a measure for the overall natural resource use of products and services. The material intensity analysis is used to calculate the material footprint of any economic activities in production and consumption. Environmental assessment has developed extensive databases for life cycle inventories, which can additionally be adopted for material intensity analysis. Based on practical experience in measuring material footprints on the micro level, this paper presents the current state of research and methodology development: it shows the international discussions on the importance of accounting methodologies to measure progress in resource efficiency. The MIPS approach is presented and its micro level application for assessing value chains, supporting business management, and operationalizing sustainability strategies is discussed. Linkages to output-oriented Life Cycle Assessment as well as to Material Flow Analysis (MFA) at the macro level are pointed out. Finally we come to the conclusion that the MIPS approach provides relevant knowledge on resource and energy input at the micro level for fact-based decision-making in science, policy, business, and consumption.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    In:  (Master thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, X, 130 pp
    Publication Date: 2013-11-19
    Keywords: Course of study: MSc Biological Oceanography
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Increasing resource efficiency can potentially deliver important economic and environmental benefits. Many of these benefits are regularly foregone because the financial sector's capacity to adequately take the opportunities and risks arising from resource utilization and related climate change aspects into account has so far remained relatively undeveloped. Focusing on the case of Germany, a number of barriers to the inclusion of resource efficiency and climate change aspects into financial services' considerations are presented. Corresponding measures for improving the capacity of the financial sector to better integrate resource efficiency considerations and climate change related risks into its operating procedures are introduced. The measures encompass the areas of risk controlling, company reporting, institutional reporting requirements, as well as additional supporting measures.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 10
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    In:  (Master thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 57 pp
    Publication Date: 2013-02-08
    Keywords: Course of study: MSc Biological Oceanography
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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