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  • 550 - Earth sciences  (4,744)
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  • 2010-2014  (6,484)
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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2011-07-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Melhuish, Edward C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 15;333(6040):299-300. doi: 10.1126/science.1209459.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Birkbeck, University of London, London, WC1B 3RA UK. e.melhuish@bbk.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21764739" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chicago ; Child, Preschool ; *Early Intervention (Education) ; *Education ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Income ; Male ; Social Class
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-09-24
    Description: Murine leukemia viruses (MLVs), including xenotropic-MLV-related virus (XMRV), have been controversially linked to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). To explore this issue in greater depth, we compiled coded replicate samples of blood from 15 subjects previously reported to be XMRV/MLV-positive (14 with CFS) and from 15 healthy donors previously determined to be negative for the viruses. These samples were distributed in a blinded fashion to nine laboratories, which performed assays designed to detect XMRV/MLV nucleic acid, virus replication, and antibody. Only two laboratories reported evidence of XMRV/MLVs; however, replicate sample results showed disagreement, and reactivity was similar among CFS subjects and negative controls. These results indicate that current assays do not reproducibly detect XMRV/MLV in blood samples and that blood donor screening is not warranted.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3299483/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3299483/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simmons, Graham -- Glynn, Simone A -- Komaroff, Anthony L -- Mikovits, Judy A -- Tobler, Leslie H -- Hackett, John Jr -- Tang, Ning -- Switzer, William M -- Heneine, Walid -- Hewlett, Indira K -- Zhao, Jiangqin -- Lo, Shyh-Ching -- Alter, Harvey J -- Linnen, Jeffrey M -- Gao, Kui -- Coffin, John M -- Kearney, Mary F -- Ruscetti, Francis W -- Pfost, Max A -- Bethel, James -- Kleinman, Steven -- Holmberg, Jerry A -- Busch, Michael P -- Blood XMRV Scientific Research Working Group (SRWG) -- N01 HB-57181/HB/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- N01HB57181/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Nov 11;334(6057):814-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1213841. Epub 2011 Sep 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Blood Systems Research Institute and University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21940862" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Blood/*virology ; Blood Specimen Collection ; Cell Line ; Coculture Techniques ; False Positive Reactions ; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/*virology ; Female ; Humans ; Laboratories ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reproducibility of Results ; Retroviridae Infections/virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viremia ; Virus Replication ; Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus/genetics/immunology/*isolation & ; purification/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-07-30
    Description: During the economic transition from foraging to farming, the signal of a major demographic shift can be observed in cemetery data of world archaeological sequences. This signal is characterized by an abrupt increase in the proportion of juvenile skeletons and is interpreted as the signature of a major demographic shift in human history, known as the Neolithic Demographic Transition (NDT). This expresses an increase in the input into the age pyramids of the corresponding living populations with an estimated increase in the total fertility rate of two births per woman. The unprecedented demographic masses that the NDT rapidly brought into play make this one of the fundamental structural processes of human history.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bocquet-Appel, Jean-Pierre -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 29;333(6042):560-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1208880.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research), UPR2147 and EPHE (Practical School of High Studies), 44, rue de l'Amical Mouchez, Paris 75014, France. jean-pierre.bocquet-appel@evolhum.cnrs.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21798934" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agriculture/*history ; Archaeology ; *Birth Rate ; Cemeteries/history ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology/history ; Female ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality/history ; Population Dynamics/*history ; *Population Growth
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-06-02
    Description: Members of the gammaretroviruses--such as murine leukemia viruses (MLVs), most notably XMRV [xenotropic murine leukemia virus (X-MLV)-related virus--have been reported to be present in the blood of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). We evaluated blood samples from 61 patients with CFS from a single clinical practice, 43 of whom had previously been identified as XMRV-positive. Our analysis included polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction procedures for detection of viral nucleic acids and assays for detection of infectious virus and virus-specific antibodies. We found no evidence of XMRV or other MLVs in these blood samples. In addition, we found that these gammaretroviruses were strongly (X-MLV) or partially (XMRV) susceptible to inactivation by sera from CFS patients and healthy controls, which suggested that establishment of a successful MLV infection in humans would be unlikely. Consistent with previous reports, we detected MLV sequences in commercial laboratory reagents. Our results indicate that previous evidence linking XMRV and MLVs to CFS is likely attributable to laboratory contamination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knox, Konstance -- Carrigan, Donald -- Simmons, Graham -- Teque, Fernando -- Zhou, Yanchen -- Hackett, John Jr -- Qiu, Xiaoxing -- Luk, Ka-Cheung -- Schochetman, Gerald -- Knox, Allyn -- Kogelnik, Andreas M -- Levy, Jay A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jul 1;333(6038):94-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1204963. Epub 2011 May 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wisconsin Viral Research Group, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21628393" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Base Sequence ; Blood/*virology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Complement System Proteins/immunology ; DNA Contamination ; DNA, Viral/blood ; Drug Contamination ; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic/blood/immunology/*virology ; Female ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/genetics/isolation & purification ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Retroviridae Infections/diagnosis/*virology ; Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus/genetics/immunology/*isolation & ; purification ; Young Adult
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2011-10-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bodereau, Pilar Nores -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Oct 14;334(6053):157. doi: 10.1126/science.1212526.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21998353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Air Pollution, Indoor/*prevention & control ; Child, Preschool ; Cooking/*instrumentation ; *Developing Countries ; Female ; *Health Status ; Humans ; Malnutrition/epidemiology/prevention & control ; Organizations ; Peru ; Poverty ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology/etiology/*prevention & control ; Smoke/*adverse effects ; United Nations
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2011-08-27
    Description: MED23 is a subunit of the Mediator complex, a key regulator of protein-coding gene expression. Here, we report a missense mutation (p. R617Q) in MED23 that cosegregates with nonsyndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability. This mutation specifically impaired the response of JUN and FOS immediate early genes (IEGs) to serum mitogens by altering the interaction between enhancer-bound transcription factors (TCF4 and ELK1, respectively) and Mediator. Transcriptional dysregulation of these genes was also observed in cells derived from patients presenting with other neurological disorders linked to mutations in other Mediator subunits or proteins interacting with MED. These findings highlight the crucial role of Mediator in brain development and functioning and suggest that altered IEG expression might be a common molecular hallmark of cognitive deficit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hashimoto, Satoru -- Boissel, Sarah -- Zarhrate, Mohammed -- Rio, Marlene -- Munnich, Arnold -- Egly, Jean-Marc -- Colleaux, Laurence -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Aug 26;333(6046):1161-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1206638.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Genetique et de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/Universite de Strasbourg, BP 163, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, C. U. Strasbourg, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21868677" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ; Early Growth Response Protein 1/genetics ; Female ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; *Genes, Immediate-Early ; Genes, fos ; Genes, jun ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/*genetics ; Male ; Mediator Complex/*genetics ; *Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation ; ets-Domain Protein Elk-1/metabolism
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2011-09-03
    Description: Tomkins et al. (Reports, 14 May 2010, p. 892) reported a strong negative correlation between breeding values and mutational load in cow-pea weevils. Here, I show that this result can be attributed to a statistical artifact. By testing the observed correlation against an incorrect null hypothesis, they find a negative correlation where one does not exist.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Postma, Erik -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 2;333(6047):1221. doi: 10.1126/science.1200996.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. erik.postma@ieu.uzh.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21885758" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Beetles/*genetics/physiology ; *Breeding ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Female ; Genes, Insect ; Genetic Fitness ; Genetic Variation ; *Inbreeding ; Male ; *Mutation ; Phenotype ; Reproduction ; Selection, Genetic ; Statistics as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2011-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mervis, Jeffrey -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 30;333(6051):1811. doi: 10.1126/science.333.6051.1811.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21960600" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Female ; Financing, Government ; Humans ; Organizational Policy ; *Parental Leave/economics ; *Personnel Staffing and Scheduling ; *Research Personnel/economics ; Research Support as Topic ; United States ; United States Government Agencies/*organization & administration ; *Women, Working
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-12-07
    Description: Boly et al. (Reports, 13 May 2011, p. 858) investigated cortical connectivity patterns in patients suffering from a disorder of consciousness, using electroencephalography in an auditory oddball paradigm. We point to several inconsistencies in their data, including a failure to replicate the classical mismatch negativity. Data quality, source reconstruction, and statistics would need to be improved to support their conclusions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, Jean-Remi -- Bekinschtein, Tristan -- Dehaene, Stanislas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 2;334(6060):1203; author reply 1203. doi: 10.1126/science.1210012.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Bioimaging, Neurospin, Gif sur Yvette, 91191 France. jeanremi.king@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22144601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Consciousness ; *Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Female ; Frontal Lobe/*physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Parietal Lobe/*physiopathology ; Persistent Vegetative State/*physiopathology ; Temporal Lobe/*physiopathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2011-02-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉King, Mary-Claire -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 25;331(6020):1026. doi: 10.1126/science.1204088.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21350166" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cytogenetic Analysis ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/*genetics ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/*genetics ; Male ; *Preimplantation Diagnosis ; *Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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