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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A model for integrating wildlife science and agri‐environmental policy in the conservation of declining species
    Wiley ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of Wildlife Management Vol. 75, No. 7 ( 2011-09), p. 1657-1663
    Details
    In: The Journal of Wildlife Management, Wiley, Vol. 75, No. 7 ( 2011-09), p. 1657-1663
    Abstract: We examined a case study where a successful wildlife‐friendly model for intensively managed hayland was developed from field data and implemented locally as policy by a federal agency. Farmers were ensured a first hay‐harvest with high protein content; after a 65‐day delay (compared to the normal 35–40‐day cutting cycle) farmers took a second harvest of greater quantity but decreased quality. Farmers were paid $247–333/ha in 2008–2010 to offset costs associated with the decreased nutritional content caused by the approximately 25‐day second harvest delay. Bobolink ( Dolichonyx oryzivorus ) reproductive rates improved from 0.0 to 2.8 fledglings per female per year. Creation and implementation of this policy required communication among scientists, federal agricultural agencies, farmers, and state and federal fish and wildlife departments. Data collection, analyses, and communication processes served as an effective global model for practitioners to apply to other agricultural products and taxa. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-541X , 1937-2817
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.v75.7
    DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.199
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ecoinformatics and global change – an overdue liaison
    Wiley ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Vegetation Science Vol. 22, No. 4 ( 2011-08), p. 577-581
    Details
    In: Journal of Vegetation Science, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 4 ( 2011-08), p. 577-581
    Abstract: The field of ecoinformatics provides concepts, methods and standards to guide management and analysis of ecological data with particular emphasis on exploration of co‐occurrences of organisms and their linkage to environmental conditions and taxon attributes. In this editorial, introducing the Special Feature ‘Ecoinformatics and global change’, we reflect on the development of ecoinformatics and explore its importance for future global change research with special focus on vegetation‐plot data. We show how papers in this Special Feature illustrate important directions and approaches in this emerging field. We suggest that ecoinformatics has the potential to make profound contributions to pure and applied sciences, and that the analyses, databases, meta‐databases, data exchange formats and analytical tools presented in this Special Feature advance this approach to vegetation science and illustrate and address important open questions. We conclude by describing important future directions for the development of the field including incentives for data sharing, creation of tools for more robust statistical analysis, utilities for integration of data that conform to divergent taxonomic standards, and databases that provide detailed plot‐specific data so as to allow users to find and access data appropriate to their research needs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1100-9233 , 1654-1103
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jvs.2011.22.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01313.x
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2047714-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1053769-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
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    Increasing water productivity on Vertisols: implications for environmental sustainability
    Wiley ; 2010
    In:  Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Vol. 90, No. 13 ( 2010-10), p. 2276-2281
    Details
    In: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Wiley, Vol. 90, No. 13 ( 2010-10), p. 2276-2281
    Abstract: BACKGROUND: The availability and quality of irrigation water have become a serious concern because of global climate change and an increased competition for water by industry, domestic users and the environment. Therefore, exploring environmentally friendly water‐saving irrigation strategies is essential for achieving food and environmental security. In northern Ethiopia, where traditional furrow irrigation is widely practiced, water mismanagement and its undesirable environmental impact are rampant. A 2‐year field study was undertaken to compare the traditional irrigation management with surge and deficit irrigation practices on a Vertisol plot. RESULT: Results have shown that surge and deficit irrigation practices increase water productivity by 62% and 58%, respectively, when compared to traditional management. The study also found out that these practices reduce the adverse environmental impacts (waterlogging and salinity) of traditional management by minimizing deep percolation and tail water losses. Total irrigation depth was reduced by 12% (for surge) and 27% (for deficit) when compared to traditional management. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, the study concluded that surge and deficit irrigation technologies not only improve water productivity but also enhance environmental sustainability. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-5142 , 1097-0010
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.v90:13
    DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4082
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001807-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ForestPlots.net: a web application and research tool to manage and analyse tropical forest plot data
    Wiley ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Vegetation Science Vol. 22, No. 4 ( 2011-08), p. 610-613
    Details
    In: Journal of Vegetation Science, Wiley, Vol. 22, No. 4 ( 2011-08), p. 610-613
    Abstract: Tropical forests are biologically diverse ecosystems that play important roles in the carbon cycle and maintenance of global biodiversity. Understanding how tropical forests respond to environmental changes is important, as changes in carbon storage can modulate the rate and magnitude of climate change. Applying an ecoinformatics approach for managing long‐term forest inventory plot data, where individual trees are tracked over time, facilitates regional and cross‐continental forest research to evaluate changes in taxonomic composition, growth, recruitment and mortality rates, and carbon and biomass stocks. We developed ForestPlots.net as a secure, online inventory data repository and to facilitate data management of long‐term tropical forest plots to promote scientific collaborations among independent researchers. The key novel features of the database are: (a) a design that efficiently deals with time‐series data; (b) data management tools to assess potential errors; and (c) a query library to generate outputs (e.g. biomass and carbon stock changes over time).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1100-9233 , 1654-1103
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jvs.2011.22.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01312.x
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2011
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1053769-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Claypan Soils Due to Nitrogen Fertilizer Source and Tillage/Fertilizer Placement Practices
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  Soil Science Society of America Journal Vol. 76, No. 3 ( 2012-05), p. 983-993
    Details
    In: Soil Science Society of America Journal, Wiley, Vol. 76, No. 3 ( 2012-05), p. 983-993
    Abstract: Poorly drained soils can potentially have large amounts of applied fertilizer N lost through denitrification which can be a major contributor to soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions. These soil N 2 O emissions due to agricultural practices are significant because they contribute to global warming and ozone depletion. The objectives of this research were to quantify the effects of tillage/fertilizer placement (i.e., no‐till/surface broadcast and strip‐till/deep banded) and N fertilizer source [i.e., non‐coated urea (NCU), polymer‐coated urea (PCU), nontreated control] on soil N 2 O emissions from corn ( Zea mays L.) production over the 2009 and 2010 growing seasons in a poorly drained claypan soil in Northeast Missouri. Averaged over 2009 and 2010, no significant differences were observed in cumulative soil N2O emissions, between treatment plots with NCU (5.21 kg N 2 O‐N ha −1 ) and PCU (5.48 kg N 2 O‐N ha −1 ). Soil N 2 O losses represented between 2.8 and 3.0% of annual fertilizer N applied, respectively. Strip‐till/deep banded N placement emitted 28% less N 2 O (0.2 kg N 2 O‐N) per Mg grain produced ( P = 0.0284) compared to that of no‐till/surface broadcasted N. Impacts of alternative management practices on soil N 2 O losses may also need to consider changes in agricultural production to allow producers to decide which practices are best suited to balance their production and environmental goals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-5995 , 1435-0661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2011.0296
    RVK:
    RA 4845
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2239747-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 196788-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481691-X
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  • 6
    Online Resource
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    Upscaling of Dynamic Soil Organic Carbon Pools in a North‐Central Florida Watershed
    Wiley ; 2010
    In:  Soil Science Society of America Journal Vol. 74, No. 3 ( 2010-05), p. 870-879
    Details
    In: Soil Science Society of America Journal, Wiley, Vol. 74, No. 3 ( 2010-05), p. 870-879
    Abstract: Regional‐scale assessment of soil C pools is essential to provide information for C cycling models, land management, and policy decisions, and elucidate the relative contribution of different C pools to total C (TC). We estimated TC and four soil C fractions, namely recalcitrant C (RC), hydrolyzable C (HC), hot‐water‐soluble C (SC), and mineralizable C (MC), at 0 to 30 cm across a 3585‐km 2 mixed‐use watershed in north‐central Florida. We used lognormal block kriging (BK) and regression block kriging (RK) to upscale soil C using 102 training samples and compared the models using 39 validation samples. Regression kriging produced the most accurate models for TC and RC, whereas the labile C fractions (HC, SC, and MC) were best modeled by BK. Maps produced by BK showed similar spatial patterns due to the strong correlation between the labile C fractions and the similarity of their spatial dependence structure. Estimates of TC and RC were similar due to their high correlation and the similarity of their global trend models. Total soil C amounted to 27.40 Tg across the watershed, indicating the potential of these soils to store C. Recalcitrant C totaled 22.49 Tg (82% of TC), suggesting that a large amount of TC could be potentially stored for centuries to millennia. Our estimates of soil C and fractions within a mixed‐use watershed in Florida highlight the importance of appropriately characterizing the inherent spatial dependence structure of soil C, as well as relevant regional environmental patterns (e.g., hydrology), to better explain the variability of soil C.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0361-5995 , 1435-0661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2136/sssaj2009.0242
    RVK:
    RA 4845
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2010
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2239747-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 196788-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481691-X
    SSG: 13
    SSG: 21
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  • 7
    Online Resource
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    Ranking factors affecting emissions of GHG from incubated agricultural soils
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  European Journal of Soil Science Vol. 65, No. 4 ( 2014-07), p. 573-583
    Details
    In: European Journal of Soil Science, Wiley, Vol. 65, No. 4 ( 2014-07), p. 573-583
    Abstract: Agriculture significantly contributes to global greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions and there is a need to develop effective mitigation strategies. The efficacy of methods to reduce GHG fluxes from agricultural soils can be affected by a range of interacting management and environmental factors. Uniquely, we used the Taguchi experimental design methodology to rank the relative importance of six factors known to affect the emission of GHG from soil: nitrate ( NO 3 − ) addition, carbon quality (labile and non‐labile C), soil temperature, water‐filled pore space ( WFPS ) and extent of soil compaction. Grassland soil was incubated in jars where selected factors, considered at two or three amounts within the experimental range, were combined in an orthogonal array to determine the importance and interactions between factors with a L 16 design, comprising 16 experimental units. Within this L 16 design, 216 combinations of the full factorial experimental design were represented. Headspace nitrous oxide ( N 2 O ), methane ( CH 4 ) and carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) concentrations were measured and used to calculate fluxes. Results found for the relative influence of factors ( WFPS and NO 3 − addition were the main factors affecting N 2 O fluxes, whilst glucose, NO 3 − and soil temperature were the main factors affecting CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes) were consistent with those already well documented. Interactions between factors were also studied and results showed that factors with little individual influence became more influential in combination. The proposed methodology offers new possibilities for GHG researchers to study interactions between influential factors and address the optimized sets of conditions to reduce GHG emissions in agro‐ecosystems, while reducing the number of experimental units required compared with conventional experimental procedures that adjust one variable at a time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1351-0754 , 1365-2389
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ejss.2014.65.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/ejss.12143
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020243-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1191614-X
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  • 8
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    Looking forward through the past: identification of 50 priority research questions in palaeoecology
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Ecology Vol. 102, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 256-267
    Details
    In: Journal of Ecology, Wiley, Vol. 102, No. 1 ( 2014-01), p. 256-267
    Abstract: Priority question exercises are becoming an increasingly common tool to frame future agendas in conservation and ecological science. They are an effective way to identify research foci that advance the field and that also have high policy and conservation relevance. To date, there has been no coherent synthesis of key questions and priority research areas for palaeoecology, which combines biological, geochemical and molecular techniques in order to reconstruct past ecological and environmental systems on time‐scales from decades to millions of years. We adapted a well‐established methodology to identify 50 priority research questions in palaeoecology. Using a set of criteria designed to identify realistic and achievable research goals, we selected questions from a pool submitted by the international palaeoecology research community and relevant policy practitioners. The integration of online participation, both before and during the workshop, increased international engagement in question selection. The questions selected are structured around six themes: human–environment interactions in the Anthropocene; biodiversity, conservation and novel ecosystems; biodiversity over long time‐scales; ecosystem processes and biogeochemical cycling; comparing, combining and synthesizing information from multiple records; and new developments in palaeoecology. Future opportunities in palaeoecology are related to improved incorporation of uncertainty into reconstructions, an enhanced understanding of ecological and evolutionary dynamics and processes and the continued application of long‐term data for better‐informed landscape management. Synthesis . Palaeoecology is a vibrant and thriving discipline, and these 50 priority questions highlight its potential for addressing both pure (e.g. ecological and evolutionary, methodological) and applied (e.g. environmental and conservation) issues related to ecological science and global change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-0477 , 1365-2745
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/jec.2013.102.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12195
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3023-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2004136-6
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  • 9
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    Research priorities for wind energy and migratory wildlife
    Wiley ; 2012
    In:  The Journal of Wildlife Management Vol. 76, No. 3 ( 2012-04), p. 451-456
    Details
    In: The Journal of Wildlife Management, Wiley, Vol. 76, No. 3 ( 2012-04), p. 451-456
    Abstract: With upcoming global wind‐energy build‐out estimated in millions of units, cumulative environmental impacts must be considered and understood to promote responsible expansion of this renewable energy source. In June 2009, 30 wildlife scientists convened in Racine, Wisconsin, USA to identify key research priorities concerning wind energy's potential impacts on migratory wildlife (birds and bats). This working group suggested 4 areas where improved science is most needed to evaluate the impacts of wind‐energy development on migrating animals more accurately than can be accomplished today: 1) standardized protocols and definitions; 2) new methods and models for assessing and forecasting risk; 3) documenting lethal and sub‐lethal effects at existing wind facilities; and 4) improved facility‐site access, data access, and data management for researchers. Focused research based on these priorities will both quantify potential risks associated with wind‐energy development and help derive science‐based, peer‐reviewed, best‐management practices for existing and future wind projects. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-541X , 1937-2817
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.v76.3
    DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.327
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066663-9
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