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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Milton :Taylor & Francis Group,
    Keywords: Climatic changes-Economic aspects. ; Global warming-Economic aspects. ; Greenhouse gas mitigation-Economic aspects. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (583 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781351161596
    DDC: 363.738/74
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Series Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Series Preface -- Introduction -- PART I CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACTS -- 1 John Houghton (2001), 'The Science of Global Warming', Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, 26, pp. 247-57. -- 2 Brent Sohngen and Robert Mendelsohn (1998), 'Valuing the Impact of Large-Scale Ecological Change in a Market: The Effect of Climate Change on U.S. Timber', American Economic Review, 88, pp. 686-710. -- 3 Kenneth D. Frederick and David C. Major (1997), 'Climate Change and Water Resources', Climatic Change, 37, pp. 7-23. -- 4 Gary Yohe and Michael Schlesinger (2002), 'The Economic Geography of the Impacts of Climate Change', Journal of Economic Geography, 2, pp. 311-41. -- 5 Allan D. Brunner (2002), 'El Nino and World Primary Commodity Prices: Warm Water or Hot Air?', Review of Economics and Statistics, 84, pp. 176-83. -- 6 Robert Mendelsohn, William D. Nordhaus and Daigee Shaw (1994), 'The Impact of Global Warming on Agriculture: A Ricardian Analysis', American Economic Review, 84, pp. 753-71. -- 7 John Quiggin and John K. Horowitz (1999), 'The Impact of Global Warming on Agriculture: A Ricardian Analysis: Comment', American Economic Review, 89, pp. 1044-45. -- 8 Robert Mendelsohn and William Nordhaus (1999), 'The Impact of Global Warming on Agriculture: A Ricardian Analysis: Reply', American Economic Review, 89, pp. 1046-48. -- 9 Roy Darwin (1999), 'The Impact of Global Warming on Agriculture: A Ricardian Analysis: Comment', American Economic Review, 89, pp. 1049-52. -- 10 Robert Mendelsohn and William Nordhaus (1999), 'The Impact of Global Warming on Agriculture: A Ricardian Analysis: Reply', American Economic Review, 89, pp. 1053-55. -- PART II EVALUATING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION. , 11 William D. Nordhaus (1993), 'Rolling the "DICE": An Optimal Transition Path for Controlling Greenhouse Gases', Resource and Energy Economics, 15, pp. 27-50. -- 12 Richard S.J. Tol (1999), 'The Marginal Costs of Greenhouse Gas Emissions', Energy Journal, 20, pp. 61-81. -- 13 Tim Roughgarden and Stephen H. Schneider (1999), 'Climate Change Policy: Quantifying Uncertainties for Damages and Optimal Carbon Taxes', Energy Policy, 27, pp. 415-29. -- 14 Lawrence H. Goulder and Koshy Mathai (2000), 'Optimal C02 Abatement in the Presence of Induced Technological Change', Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 39, pp. 1-38. -- 15 Charles D. Kolstad (1996), 'Learning and Stock Effects in Environmental Regulation: The Case of Greenhouse Gas Emissions', Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 31, pp. 1-18. -- 16 Christian Azar and Thomas Sterner (1996), 'Discounting and Distributional Considerations in the Context of Global Warming', Ecological Economics, 19, pp. 169-84. -- 17 Richard B. Howarth (2000), 'Climate Change and the Representative Agent', Environmental and Resource Economics, 15, pp. 135-48. -- 18 Thomas C. Schelling (1995), 'Intergenerational Discounting', Energy Policy, 23, pp. 395-401. -- 19 T.M.L. Wigley, R. Richels and J.A. Edmonds (1996), 'Economic and Environmental Choices in the Stabilization of Atmospheric C02 Concentrations', Nature, 379, pp. 240-43. -- 20 Zhongxiang Zhang (2000), 'Decoupling China's Carbon Emissions Increase from Economic Growth: An Economic Analysis and Policy Implications', World Development, 28, pp. 739-52. -- 21 Robert C. Hyman, John M. Reilly, Mustafa H. Babiker, Ardoin De Masin and Henry D. Jacoby (2003), 'Modeling N on-C02 Greenhouse Gas Abatement', Environmental Modeling and Assessment, 8, pp. 175-86. , 22 Richard G. Newell and Robert N. Stavins (2000), 'Climate Change and Forest Sinks: Factors Affecting the Costs of Carbon Sequestration', Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 40, pp. 211-35. -- 23 Andrew J. Plantinga, Thomas Mauldin and Douglas J. Miller (1999), 'An Econometric Analysis of the Costs of Sequestering Carbon in Forests', American Journal of Agricultural Economics', 81, pp. 812-24. -- PART III POLICY DESIGN FOR GHG MITIGATION -- 24 Ian W.H. Parry and Roberton C. Williams III (1999), 'A Second-Best Evaluation of Eight Policy Instruments to Reduce Carbon Emissions', Resource and Energy Economics, 21, pp. 347-73. -- 25 William A. Pizer (2002), 'Combining Price and Quantity Controls to Mitigate Global Climate Change', Journal of Public Economics, 85, pp. 409-34. -- 26 Michael Grubb (1997), 'Technologies, Energy Systems and the Timing of C02 Emissions Abatement: An Overview of Economic Issues', Energy Policy, 25, pp. 159-72. -- 27 Adam B. Jaffe and Robert N. Stavins (1994), 'Energy-Efficiency Investments and Public Policy', Energy Journal, 15, pp. 43-65. -- 28 P.R. Shukla (1996), 'The Modelling of Policy Options for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in India', Ambio, 25, pp. 240-48. -- 29 Scott Barrett (1998), 'Political Economy of the Kyoto Protocol', Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 14, pp. 20-39. -- 30 Adam Rose, Brandt Stevens, Jae Edmonds and Marshall Wise (1998),' International Equity and Differentiation in Global Warming Policy: An Application to Tradeable Emission Permits', Environmental and Resource Economics, 12, pp. 25-51. -- 31 Zili Yang (1999), 'Should the North Make Unilateral Technology Transfers to the South? North-South Cooperation and Conflicts in Responses to Global Climate Change', Resource and Energy Economics, 21, pp. 67-87. , 32 Mustafa Babiker, John M. Reilly and Henry D. Jacoby (2000), 'The Kyoto Protocol and Developing Countries', Energy Policy, 28, pp. 525-36. -- Name Index.
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  • 2
    Keywords: Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: Wilks provides a historical background, list of publications, and description of activities for most of the major science initiatives undertaken at the federal level. He surveys a wide range of government documents and monographic and serial science collections used by both faculty and students.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (653 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781442671607
    DDC: 507.2/071
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- INTRODUCTION -- 1.1 THE MINISTRY OF STATE FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND BEYOND: THE SEARCH FOR SCIENCE POLICY -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications Relating to Science Policy in Canada -- III: Activities of the Ministry of State for Science and Technology and Beyond -- A: MOSST Activities Affecting Government Science and Technology -- B: MOSST Activities and Studies Affecting Industry -- C: MOSST Policy Activities and Studies Affecting Universities -- D: MOSST Activities and Studies in the International Field -- E: MOSST Data-Gathering Activities -- F: MOSST Forecasting Activities -- G: Science Studies and Science Policy Initiatives under the Mulroney Conservatives -- H: Science Studies and Science Policy Initiatives under the Chrétien Liberals -- IV: Departmental Sources of the Publications -- 1.2 THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH COUNCIL -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- III: NSERC Activities -- A: The Long-Range Plans and Objectives -- B: Research Scholarships and Fellowship Training Programs -- C: Discipline-Based Research Program -- D: Targeted Research -- E: Equipment -- IV: Council Sources of the Publications -- 1.3 THE SCIENCE COUNCIL OF CANADA -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- A: Annual Reports and Reviews -- B: Reports, Background Studies, and Papers -- C: Workshop Proceedings and Brochures -- D: Series Publications -- III: Activities of the Science Council -- A: Documentation of Scientific Activities in Canada -- B: The Discussion of Science Policy -- C: Science and Industry Studies -- D: Urbanization and Population Studies -- E: Environmental Studies -- F: Northern Science and Technology Studies -- G: Energy Studies -- H: Computer Studies -- I: Biotechnology and Emerging Technology Studies -- IV: Council Sources of the Publications. , 2 THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- A: Serial Publications -- B: Monograph Publications -- C: Research Journals -- III: Research and Activities of the National Research Council -- A: Basic Research of National or Regional Importance -- B: Research Pertaining to Social Objectives -- C: Research toward New Knowledge and New Applications of Science -- D: Research Carried Out through the Associate Committees -- IV: Activities toward Encouragement and Assistance to Research -- A: National Facilities -- B: Physical Standards of Measurement -- C: Assistance towards the Development of Canadian Industry -- D: Assistance to University Research -- V: Other Activities -- VI: Council Sources of the Publications -- 3 AGRICULTURE RESEARCH -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- A: General Departmental Publications -- B: Publications of the Research Establishments of the Department -- C: The Open Research Literature -- III: Research -- A: Soil Research -- B: Crops Research -- C: Animal Research -- D: Pest Control Research -- IV: Departmental Sources of the Publications -- 4 WILDLIFE RESEARCH -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- A: Canadian Wildlife Service -- B: Canadian Museum of Nature -- III: Wildlife Research -- A: Breeding Biology Research -- B: Hunting Research -- C: Mammal Research -- D: National Parks Research -- E: Wildlife Surveys -- F: Environmental Impact Studies -- G: Toxicology Research -- H: Birds as Hazards in the Environment -- I: Wetland Studies -- J: Other Studies (Canadian Museum of Nature) -- IV: Departmental Sources of the Publications -- 5 FISHERIES RESEARCH -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- A: Journal Literature -- B: Other Publications -- C: Unnumbered Publications -- III: Fisheries Research Activities in Canada. , A: Taxonomic and Biological Studies -- B: Distribution and Movement of Fish Stocks -- C: Dynamics of Fish Stocks -- D: Artificial Propagation of Fish, including Aquaculture -- E: The Study and Management of Marine Mammals -- F: Environmental Pollution Studies -- G: Fishing Gear for the Effective Harvesting of the Resource -- H: Handling and Storage of Fish -- I: Popularization of Canada's Marine Resources -- IV: Departmental Sources of the Publications -- 6 FORESTRY RESEARCH -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- A: Annual Reports -- B: Program Reviews -- C: Research Reports -- D: Miscellaneous Series -- E: Regional Information Reports -- F: Serial Publications -- III: Forestry Research -- A: Forest Insects and Diseases -- B: Forest Fire Research -- C: Forest Harvesting or Logging Research -- D: Forest Regeneration Research -- E: Pollution Research -- F: Forest Management Research -- IV: Departmental Sources of the Publications -- A: Federal Cumulations -- B: Regional Cumulations -- C: Research Institute Cumulations -- D: Subject Bibliographies -- 7 EARTH SCIENCES RESEARCH -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- A: Geological Survey of Canada -- B: Mines Branch and CANMET Publications -- C: Earth Physics Branch Publications (now under the Continental Geoscience Division of the Geological Survey of Canada) -- D: Other Publications -- III: Earth Sciences Research -- A: Geochronology Techniques in the Service of Geology -- B: Geological Research in Canada -- C: Geochemical Techniques in the Service of Geology and Mining -- D: The Search for Economic Minerals in Canada -- E: Applied Mineral Research -- F: Geophysical Research and Geophysical Surveys -- G: The Canadian Geophysical Atlas -- IV: Departmental Sources of the Publications -- 8 CLIMATE RESEARCH AND SERVICES -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications. , A: Current Climate Data Publications -- B: Climatological Normals Data -- C: Climatic Atlas Canada -- D: Current Climatology Publication Series -- E: Technical Report Series -- F: The Unpublished Reports -- G: Solar Radiation Data -- H: Ozone Data -- I: Miscellaneous Publications -- III: Climatological Studies -- A: National and Regional Studies -- B: Mesoclimatology Studies -- C: Climate of Canadian Cities -- D: Specialized Climatological Studies -- E: Weather Phenomena Analysis -- IV: Climate Research -- A: Weather Forecasting Techniques and Evaluations -- B: Boundary-Layer Research -- V: Air Quality Research and Global Warming -- A: Air Quality Monitoring -- B: Methodologies -- C: Acid Rain Studies -- D: Air Pollution in the Arctic -- E: The Problems of Stratospheric and Surface Ozone -- F: Global Warming -- VI: Departmental Sources of the Publications -- 9 WATER RESEARCH AND SERVICES -- I: Historical Background -- II: Publications -- A: Data Collecting Periodicals -- B: Hydrographic Atlas of Canada -- C: Research and Report Series Publications -- D: Annual Reviews or Reports -- III: Water Research -- A: Hydrological Cycle -- B: Environmental Pollution Studies -- C: Oceanographic Studies -- IV: Departmental Sources of the Publications -- Appendix: Current Sources for Federal Government Publications -- I: Print Sources -- II: Databases -- III: Other Sources -- Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z.
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  • 3
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    IUGG Secretariat, CIRES Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
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  • 4
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    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: From 10 to 14 September 2003, the Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiated over a further liberalization of world trade. A lot was at stake there for the environment. It is true that in the current round of negotiations the Doha Declaration has agreed certain points relating to the environment. But this should not conceal the fact that the WTO is still a long way from taking due account of ecological aspects in its policies. The present paper begins by analyzing the discussion on environmental issues within the WTO, which for more than ten years has been conducted mainly in its Committee on Trade and Environment. It is shown that many environmental effects of trade liberalization have not been discussed at all, that conflicts of interest among WTO member-states prevent any deep discussion, and that an ecological reform of the WTO has up to now stood no chance. This analysis then forms the background for a twofold strategy. First, arguments are presented as to why the WTO, given its environmental policy deficits, should afford sufficient scope to institutions actively concerned with environmental policy. The conflictual relationship between Multilateral Environmental Agreements and the WTO is examined at this point. A distinction is drawn between minor and potentially critical conflicts, and it is shown how a limitation of the competence of the WTO's Dispute Settlement Body, together with cooperative political-legal processes to resolve conflicts between affected institutions, might offer a solution and lead to greater institutional equity in the global political arena. Second, the paper discusses how ecological aspects might be integrated step by step into the WTO. After a detailed examination of the potential and limits of instruments like impact assessments, it makes a number of recommendations for their further development. Finally, it considers how impact assessments might be integrated into the WTO's institutional structures, so that ecological aspects can be systematically input into policy-making processes and better public participation in WTO policy be ensured. In this connection, the paper discusses both the integration of impact assessments into the WTO's Trade Policy Review Mechanism and the creation of a new Strategic Impact Assessment Body within the WTO.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-01-19
    Description: Commercially exploited stocks that have experienced declines in population abundance have responded by altering life history traits of growth and maturation. Cod is not only becoming mature at an earlier age but also, the majority of the stock comprises fishes with no previous spawning experience. Actual fisheries management does not take in account qualitative differences within the spawning stock. If the stock responds to continued exploitation by shifting maturity to an earlier stage, fish will spawn at smaller sizes. They will produce smaller eggs, and consequently small and less viable larvae, so that the contribution to the spawning stock biomass will be less than expected. There are many advantages for delaying maturation: Larger and heavier fish will be better conditioned for spawning, have higher fecundity and larger eggs that are more viable. Harvesting at delayed recruitment enables the stock to maintain a larger SSB with an expanded age structure while supporting a sustainable fishery.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-05-30
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Transnational corporations' (TNCs) economic operations cover numerous countries and can be diverted between several continents. These units have reached a level of significance, having not only economic, but also social and environmental implications. This justifies that they shall be treated separately as a social phenomenon, when considering strategies for the development towards sustainability. This paper presents the concept of Responsible Corporate Governance (RCG), as a strategy to "govern" TNCs. RCG is suggested as a stakeholder based policy instrument, which aims at allocating responsibilities to societal actors aiming at corporate accountability. RCG recognises that the process of societal change is strongly based on what can be called as bottom up-processes. Learning processes take place through the interaction of the different societal members, which eventually leads to macro changes. Therefore, governing TNCs towards sustainability improvements is considered to be a collective process including all stakeholders. Firstly, the paper places the concept of RCG in the ongoing debate of political modernization based on the fact that society develops overtime and the political system must correspondingly modernize. In this context, political overload developed as a consequence of increased resource interdependencies is explained and as a resolution, network approach is discussed. Secondly, demands on the orientation of the TNCs in terms of accountability and innovative action are brought forward. Here, the paper also lists down corporate elements (stakeholder empowered corporate governance, management and performance evaluation systems, transparency enhancement and accountability verification), which need to be in place to attain an accountable orientation in the society. Following, using an analytical framework, the orientation and capabilities of each societal actor (environmental non-governmental organisations, financial institutions, intergovernmental organisations) to affect improvements in the corporate responsibility elements are investigated and recommendations for their effective orientation are listed.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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  • 8
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    In:  EPIC3PhD Thesis,242 pp., http://elib.suub.uni-bremen.de/publications/dissertations/E-Diss1052_fetzer.pdf
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The main aims of this work are to determine the reproductive patterns of benthic invertebrates in the Kara Sea and to analyse possible adaptations of reproduction strategies to polar conditions. The Kara Sea is a shallow shelf sea located in the Russian Arctic. Hydrography and ecosystems are strongly affected by the immense freshwater input of the two adjacent rivers Ob and Yenisei. Their outflows create a pronounced bilayered pelagic habitat with a confined pycnocline.During the investigation period 44 larval and 54 juvenile species were identified in plankton net and multicorer samples. For 23 of the larval species adults were present in benthos samples. For the remaining 21, adults were reported from the adjacent Barents and Petchora Sea, indicating a strong larval input from the neighbouring seas. Most larvae were found in all water levels, although highest abundances were present in the upper low salinity layer, revealing a high acclimatisation potential of most larvae to low salinities. The pycnocline seemed to act as a physical barrier for most larvae. Meroplankton densities of individual species were generally less than 1 ind. m-3, but brittle star larvae reached densities of 200 ind. m-3. The importance of retention in the study area varied strongly between species.Most benthic species show an Arctic zoogeographic distribution, but considerable numbers of boreal species were also found. The river run-off may not only foster the survival of euryhaline species but through its thermal input may also create favourable conditions for boreal species. Most invertebrate species seem to reproduce directly (without pelagic larvae), which can be explained partly by the high share of peracarid crustaceans. Contrary to other taxa, which display a huge spectrum of reproduction modes within species and geographic regions, peracarids show a direct reproduction trait all over the world. Their elimination from the dataset reveals a larger share of indirect reproducing species. It is assumed that due to the Kara Seas high environmental variability unfavourable conditions for benthic species often occur. Species with pelagic larvae or highly mobile peracarid crustaceans may have an advantage in reoccupying devastated habitats.The numerous larval types found indicate that planktonic development is important in the Kara Sea ecosystem.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Thesis , notRev
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The use of assimilation tools for satellite validation requires true estimates of the accuracy of the reference data. Since its inception, the Network for Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC) has provided systematic lidar measurements of ozone and temperature at several places around the world that are well adapted for satellite validations. Regular exercises have been organised to ensure the data quality at each individual site. These exercises can be separated into three categories: large scale intercomparisons using multiple instruments, including a mobile lidar; using satellite observations as a geographic transfer standards to compare measurements at different sites; and comparative investigations of the analysis software. NDSC is a research network, so each system has its own history, design, and analysis, and has participated differently in validation campaigns. There are still some technological differences that may explain different accuracies. However, the comparison campaigns performed over the last decade have always proved to be very helpful in improving the measurements. To date, more efforts have been devoted to characterising ozone measurements than to temperature observations. The synthesis of the published works shows that the network can potentially be considered as homogeneous within +/-2% between 20-35 km for ozone and +/-1 K between 35-60 km for temperature. Outside this altitude range, larger biases are reported and more efforts are required. In the lower stratosphere, Raman channels seem to improve comparisons but such capabilities were not systematically compared. At the top of the profiles, more investigations on analysis methodologies are still probably needed. SAGE II and GOMOS appear to be excellent tools for future ozone lidar validations but need to be better coordinated and take more advantage of assimilation tools. Also, temperature validations face major difficulties caused by atmospheric tides and therefore require intercomparisons with the mobile systems, at all sites.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
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    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: This article proposes a policy framework for analysing corporate governance toward sustainable development. The aim is to set up a framework for analysing market evolution toward sustainability. In the first section, the paper briefly refers to recent theories about both market and government failures that express scepticism about the way that framework conditions for market actors are set. For this reason, multi-layered governance structures seem advantageous if new solutions are to be developed in policy areas concerned with long-term change and stepwise internalisation of externalities. The paper introduces the principle of regulated self-regulation. With regard to corporate actors| interests, it presents recent insights from theories about the knowledge-based firm, where the creation of new knowledge is based on the absorption of societal views. The result is greater scope for the endogenous internalisation of externalities, which leads to a variety of new and different corporate strategies. Because governance has to set incentives for quite a diverse set of actors in their daily operations, the paper finally discusses innovation-inducing regulation. In both areas, regulated self-regulation and innovation-inducing regulation, corporate and political governance co-evolve. The paper concludes that these co-evolutionary mechanisms may assume some of the stabilising and orientating functions previously exercised by framing activities of the state. In such a view, the government's main function is to facilitate learning processes, thus departing from the state's function as known from welfare economics.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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