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  • 1
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    IUGG Secretariat, CIRES Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-07-25
    Type: Proceedings , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 4
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    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    In:  EPIC3Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung (Reports on Polar and Marine Research), Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, 463, 107 p., ISSN: 1618-3193
    Publication Date: 2018-09-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: "Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung" , notRev
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-08-18
    Description: 28th Annual Conference of IAMSLIC held 6-11 October, 2002 at Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico
    Type: Proceedings , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    IGBP
    In:  Global Change Newsletter, 56 . pp. 19-23.
    Publication Date: 2018-10-10
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2016-05-31
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-07-17
    Description: Over the past decade large carbonate mound structures, situated in several provinces along the European continental margin have been discovered in 600 to 1200 m water depths. These structures appear as single, conical or ridge-like features, which are often colonised by a deep-water coral ecosystem. Cold-water corals Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata dominate the coral community. Associated sessile and vagile fauna, like sponges, soft corals, bivalves, gastrodpods, crinoids, brachiopods, and fish make these bioherms as diverse as their tropical counterparts. The objective of this study is to reconstruct past environmental settings locked in the sediments of a carbonate mound in the northern Porcupine Seabight, west off Ireland. Detailed investigations were concentrated on seven 3.5 to 6 m long sediment cores, retrieved from Propeller Mound and its closer vicinity. This mound is a ~150 m high structure within the Hovland Mound province, a cluster of several sea-floor protruding carbonate mounds. A first detailed analysis on benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the vicinity of a carbonate mound was performed on two sediment cores, one located on top of the mound and a second one from an off-mound position further north as control site. The off-mound samples reveal two different assemblages: (1) an Interglacial group dominated by infaunal species reflecting present-day environmental and oceanographic conditions with high nutrient flux to the sea-floor and low sediment accumulation under a strong hydrodynamic regime, and (2) a Glacial group, dominated by cassidulinid species, which describe an influence of polar conditions with low nutrient supply and cold intermediate waters. A single species, Elphidium excavatum, dominates the lower core section and is described here as a species displaced from shallow shelf areas. This removal of sediments from the shelf is related to a first advance of the Irish Ice Sheet onto the Irish Mainland shelf, inducing high sedimentation rates of ~28 cm/kyr with a coeval sea-level drop of ~50 m during Late Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. Due to an incomplete stratigraphic record in the on-mound core, the same species of the off-mound assemblages have been grouped in on-mound samples. The results indicate a dominance of the Interglacial group, whereas the Glacial group is less abundant throughout the entire core. This pattern indicates the lack of glacial time intervals in the on-mound core, which is coherent with stable oxygen isotope data and U/Th dates on coral fragments, presenting only interglacial/-stadial values and ages. A third assemblage is abundant in samples of the on-mound core showing elevated epibenthic species not occurring in offmound samples or only to a minor degree. This Mound group shows a great affinity to strong currents, high nutrient availability and is supposed to indicate Mediterranean Outflow Water in the northern Porcupine Seabight, as well as a higher coral cover on Propeller Mound in an earlier interglacial period. A Late Pleistocene decline in mound growth for Propeller Mound is suggested by a decrease of the Mound group towards the Holocene, which might face its complete burial in the future as this already happened to the buried mounds of the Magellan Mound province further north. Detailed information on off-mound sediment structures and contents from visual core description and the interpretation of Computer Tomographic images were used to evaluate sedimentary processes in glacial and interglacial periods. The sediments portray the depositional history of the past ~31 kyr BP, mainly controlled by sea-level fluctuations and the climate regime with the advance and retreat of the Irish Ice Sheet onto the Irish Mainland Shelf. A first advance of glaciers is indicated by a turbiditic release slightly older than 31 kyr BP, coherent with Heinrich event 3. During MIS 3 and MIS 2 shelf erosion prevailed with abundant gravity flows and turbidity currents. A change from glaciomarine to hemipelagic contourite sedimentation during the onset of the Holocene indicates the establishment of the strong, present-day hydrodynamic regime at intermediate depths. A general decrease in sediment accumulation with decreasing distance towards Propeller Mound was discovered throughout the entire core sections. This suggests that currents (turbidity currents, gravity flows, bottom currents) have had a strong impact on sediment accumulation at the mound base for the past ~31 kyr BP. Finally, the reconstructed environmental setting deduced from sedimentary and micropaleontological analyses portrays the boundary conditions of the habitable range for the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa. The growth of this ecosystem occurs during interglacial and interstadial periods, whereas a glacial retreat of corals is documented in the absence of glacial sediments in the onmound core. These conclusions are summarised in a model – the Mound Factory – which efficiently accounts for the moundd development covering the period of the Northern Hemisphere Glaciation (past 3.1–2.5 Ma).
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Vom 10. bis zum 14. September diesen Jahres verhandelt die Ministerkonferenz der Welthandelsorganisation (WTO) über eine weitere Liberalisierung des Welthandels. Dabei steht für die Umwelt eine Menge auf dem Spiel. Zwar wurden mit der Doha Deklaration in der gegenwärtigen Verhandlungsrunde einige Verhandlungen mit Umweltbezug vereinbart. Dies täuscht aber darüber hinweg, dass die WTO noch weit entfernt davon ist, ökologische Aspekte in ihrer Politik angemessen zu berücksichtigen. Vorliegendes Papier analysiert zunächst die Diskussion über Umweltthemen in der WTO, welche seit über zehn Jahren vor allem im Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE) der WTO geführt wird. Die Analyse zeigt auf, dass zahlreiche Umwelteffekte von Handelsliberalisierungen gar nicht diskutiert wurden, Interessengegensätze zwischen Mitgliedsstaaten der WTO eine tief gehende Diskussion vereiteln und Ansätze einer ökologischen Reform der WTO bislang keine Chance hatten. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Analyse wird sodann eine doppelte Strategie entwickelt. Erstens wird dargelegt, warum die WTO aufgrund ihrer umweltpolitischen Defizite denjenigen Institutionen ihren Handlungsspielraum lassen sollte, die sich aktiv mit Umweltpolitik beschäftigen. Hierzu wird das Konfliktverhältnis multilateraler Umweltabkommen und der WTO untersucht. Zunächst erfolgt eine Klassifizierung in unbedenkliche und potentiell kritische Konfliktfälle. Dann wird aufgezeigt, wie einerseits eine Begrenzung der Zuständigkeiten des Streitschlichtungsorgans der WTO sowie andererseits kooperative, politisch-rechtliche Prozesse zur Lösung der Konflikte zwischen den betroffenen Institutionen eine Lösung bieten und zu einer größeren institutionellen Gleichheit in der globalen politischen Arena führen könnten. Zweitens wird erörtert, wie ökologische Aspekte Schritt für Schritt in die WTO integriert werden könnten. Hierzu werden Instrumente der strategischen Folgenabschätzung untersucht. Nach einer eingehenden Analyse der Potenziale und Grenzen von strategischen Folgenabschätzungen werden Empfehlungen zu ihrer Weiterentwicklung formuliert. Anschließend werden Möglichkeiten dargestellt, wie strategische Folgenabschätzung in die institutionellen Strukturen der WTO integriert werden könnten, um ökologische Aspekte systematisch in die politischen Entscheidungsprozesse einfließen zu lassen und eine verbesserte Partizipation der Öffentlichkeit an der Politik der WTO zu gewährleisten. Dabei wird einerseits eine Integration strategischer Folgenabschätzungen in den Trade Policy Review Mechanism der WTO und andererseits die Einrichtung eines neuen Strategic Impact Assessment Body innerhalb der WTO diskutiert.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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  • 10
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    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: In diesem Wuppertal Paper unternehmen Claudia von Braunmühl und Uta von Winterfeld eine begriffliche Erkundung im Spannungsfeld von Nachhaltigkeit, Globalisierung und Demokratie. Sie beziehen sich vorrangig auf die Arbeiten der Enquete-Kommission des Deutschen Bundestages "Globalisierung der Weltwirtschaft" (2002) und stellen das dort verhandelte Konzept von Global Governance vor sowie seine demokratietheoretische Schwächen. Des weiteren geht es um zwei Denkrichtungen, die den Autorinnen geeignet erscheinen, der politischen Dimension und Problematik von Globalisierungsprozessen gerecht zu werden. In einem Abschnitt über "Nachhaltiges Regieren?" skizzieren sie, entlang welcher Rationalitätsmuster die Demokratiedefizite in Verbindung mit Globalisierung und Nachhaltigkeit verlaufen und verknüpfen diese Überlegungen mit der Debatte, die derzeit zum Themenkomplex "globale öffentliche Güter" geführt wird.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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