Note: Front Cover -- Solid State Ionics -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Symposium Information -- Part I: Applications -- Chapter 1. Development and Status of Sodium Sulfur Batteries -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2 . SECONDARY BATTERIES -- 3. SODIUM BATTERIES WITH BETA-ALUMINA ELECTROLYTE -- 4 . ISSUES OF THE SODIUM SULFUR BATTERY -- 5. STATUS OF THE SODIUM SULFUR BATTERY -- 6· CONCLUSIONS -- 7. REFERENCES -- Chapter 2. Oxygen Ion Conductors and Their Technological Applications. -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES -- 3.1. OXYGEN TRANSPORT IN FLUORITE AND FLUORITE RELATED SYSTEMS -- 4. OXYGEN TRANSPORT IN PEROVSKITE AND PEROVSKITE RELATED OXIDES -- 5. MISCELLANEOUS OXYGEN ION CONDUCTORS -- 6. CONCLUSIONS -- 7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 8. REFERENCES -- Chapter 3. Solid State Electrochemical Sensors -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CONVENTIONAL (TYPE I) SENSORS -- 3. SENSORS BASED ON THE EQUILIBRATION WITH THE IMMOBILE COMPONENT OF SOLID ELECTROLYTES (TYPE II) -- 4. SURFACE MODIFIED ELECTROLYTE SENSORS (TYPE III) -- 5. CROSS SENSITIVITIES -- 6. LIMITING CURRENT SENSORS -- 7. COMBINATION OF THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC PARAMETERS -- 8. OUTLOOK -- 9. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- 10. REFERENCES -- Chapter 4. On the behavior of intercalation compounds in solid state batteries -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4, CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 5. Properties of disordered MoS2 as cathode material in lithium electrochemical cells -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- Acknowledgement -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 6. Preferred orientation of layered manganese dioxides prepared via a sol-gel process and its effect on the electrochemical lithium insertion into birnessite -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION. , 2. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MANGANESE BIRNESSITE DIOXIDE -- 3. ELECTROCHEMICAL LITHIUM INSERTION INTO BIRNESSITE -- 4. REFERENCES -- Chapter 7. The application of Na+-β/β"-alumina solid electrolytes for carbon dioxide chemical sensors -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS -- 3. EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 5. CONCLUSION -- Acknowledgement -- Chapter 8. Cycling performances lithium batteries -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- Part II: New Materials -- Chapter 9. OXIDE-ION ELECTROLYTES -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. QUALITY CRITERIA -- 3. STRATEGIES -- 4. OTHER Ba-In OXIDES -- 5. OXIDES BASED ON Bi4V2O11 -- 6. CONCLUSION -- 7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- 8. REFERENCES -- Chapter 10. Preparation of new Glasses with High Ionic Conductivities -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. C u+ ION CONDUCTING GLASSES -- 3. COMPARISON OF CONDUCTIVITY BETWEEN GLASS AND CRYSTAL -- 4. NEW ROUTE FOR AMORPHOUS SOLIDS WITH HIGH CONDUCTIVITY -- 5. SUMMARY -- 6. REFERENCES -- Chapter 11. A new Bi compound Sr3BiO55 Synthesis and physical properties investigations -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 12. New iron substituted nickel oxyhydroxides -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 3. GENERAL DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 13. Influence of the O,F distribution on the electrical properties of the Bi1-xPbx O1.5-xFx SolidSolution -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. REFERENCES -- Chapter 14. Super-conducting glass in the system Na2O-ZrO2-SiO2-P2O5 -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- References. , Chapter 15. Thin film of Ag+ highly conducting glasses -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THIN FILM PREPARATION -- 3. IONIC CONDUCTIVITY -- 4. CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- Part III: Insertion Compounds -- Chapter 16. The Effect of Cobalt on the Chemical and Electro-Chemical Behavior of the Nickel Hydroxide Electrode -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY -- 3. CHEMICAL CYCLING -- 4. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES -- 5. ELECTROCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR -- 6. CONCLUSION -- Acknowledgements -- 7. REFERENCES -- Chapter 17. IN SITU X-RAY ABSORPTION STUDY OF MODIFICATIONS IN V2O5 INDUCED BY THE ELECTROCHEMICAL INTERCALATION OF LITHIUM -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental section -- X-ray absorption : data processing -- Results of the ex situ study -- Results of the in situ study -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 18. RECHARGEABLE ALKALINE MANGANESE DIOXIDE BATTERIES, II: IN SITU X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY STUDY OF THE H+/γ-MnO2 (CMD type) SYSTEM. -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTS -- 3. RESULTS -- 4. DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- Chapter 19. DIFFUSION OF OXYGEN AND MOBILE TEMPERATURE-ELECTRIC DOMAIN IN YBa2Cu3O7-x CERAMICS AND ITS ANALOGUES -- 1 . INTRODUCTION -- 2 . EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS -- 3 . SUMMING UP THE DATA AND MODEL OF TED -- 5. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 20. Computer Modelling of Dopant Substitution in YBa2Cu3O7 -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SIMULATION METHODS -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 21. Optical transport spectroscopy in Li intercalated TiS2 -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2.EXPERIMENTAL -- 3. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS -- 4. DISCUSSION -- 5. CONCLUSION -- 6. REFERENCES -- Chapter 22. Optical and electrical properties of tin chalcogenide compounds -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL. , 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 23. Temperature dependence of phonon spectrum of GaSe and InSe single crystals -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE -- 3. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS -- 4. DISCUSSION -- 5. CONCLUSION -- 6. REFERENCES -- Chapter 24. Far-infrared studies of the intermediate phases in In2Se3 -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE In2Se3 PHASES -- 3. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE -- 4. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS -- 5. DISCUSSION -- 6. CONCLUSION -- 7. REFERENCES -- Chapter 25. Electrical properties of lithium intercalated InSe crystal -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 26. Ionic transport in LixNiPS3 -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- Acknowledgement -- 5. REFERENCES -- Part IV: Transport -- Chapter 27. High conductivity solid electrolytes in the crystalline state at room temperature -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CATION CONDUCTORS -- 3. ANION CONDUCTORS -- 4. SUMMARY -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 28. Defect Processes and Migration Mechanisms in Solid State Ionics -- Abstract -- 1 . INTRODUCTION -- 2. DEFECTS AND FAST ION CONDUCTION -- 3 . DEFECTS AND SUPERCONDUCTING OXIDES -- 4. SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 29. Photoacoustic study of ionic conductors -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. PA EXPERIMENTAL SETUP -- 3. INFLUENCE OF FREE IONS HOPPING -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 5. CONCLUSION -- 6. REFERENCES -- Chapter 30. TiO2 doped Na-β"-alumina -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 3 . RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4 . CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 31. Alkali content dependence of the ionic conductivity of oxide glasses -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SOLVATION MODEL. , 3. COMPARISON WITH EXPERIMENT AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 32. Low temperature ion conductivitity of a solid oxide electrolyte: the role of electrode polarization -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. VOLTAGE DROP MEASUREMENTS -- 3. MODEL DESCRIPTION -- 4. IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY MEASUREMENTS -- 5. CONCLUSIONS -- 6. REFERENCES -- Chapter 33. Wetting Experiments on Al2O3 Surfaces and the Adsorption Model for Heterogeneous Electrolytes -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 3. RESULTS -- 4. DISCUSSION -- 5. SUMMARY -- 6. REFERENCES -- Chapter 34. The effect of the temperature on metallic sodium precipitation in β"- alumina by the sodium immersion -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2 . EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE -- 3 . RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- 4 . CONCLUSIONS -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 35. Lanthanide ions exchanged aluminogallates with β alumina structure -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SYNTHESIS : CRYSTAL GROWTH AND IONIC EXCHANGE -- 3. STRUCTURAL REFINEMENTS -- 4. ESR STUDY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Na-Nd β ALUMINOGALLATE (y = 0.3) -- 5. REFERENCES -- Chapter 36. Hopping conductivity in NiO thin films -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgement -- References: -- Chapter 37. Heat diffusivity measurement in ionic conductors -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4. CONCLUSION -- 5. REFERENCES. -- Part V: Structure -- Chapter 38. Silver and Copper Fast-Ion Conductors with Simple Anion Packings: Cation Distributions, Bonding, and Transport Behavior -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE Ag+ AND Cu+ HALIDES AND CHALCOGENIDES -- 3. SINGLE-CRYSTALS, ANHARMONICITY, AND NEUTRONS -- 4. RESULTS FOR BODY-CENTERED CUBIC PHASES AND THEIR INTERPRETATION -- 5. CATION DISTRIBUTIONS EST HCP AND FCC ANION ARRAYS. , 6. WHY SILVER AND COPPER?.

Note: Front Cover -- Creep of Soils and Related Phenomena -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Macro- and microapproach -- 1.2 Aim of Theological investigations -- 1.3 Creep and the accuracy of its prediction -- 1.4 Limitations of rheological theories -- 1.5 Conception of the book -- List of symbols -- Chapter 2. Examples of the rheological behaviour of geomaterials -- 2.1 Settlement of structures -- 2.2 Dam displacements -- 2.3 Slope displacements -- 2.4 Conclusion -- Chapter 3. Structure and texture of soils -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Mathematical and physical modelling of constitutive relations -- 3.3 Structural units -- 3.4 Fabric -- 3.5 Bonding -- 3.6 Internal stress -- 3.7 Structure of some tested soils -- 3.8 Changes of soil structure -- Chapter 4. State parameters of soils -- 4.1 Porosity -- 4.2 Water content -- 4.3 Stress and stress path -- 4.4 Strain -- 4.5 Time -- 4.6 Temperature -- 4.7 Conclusion -- Chapter 5. Elasticity, viscosity and plasticity -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Elasticity -- 5.3 Viscosity -- 5.4 Plasticity -- 5.5 Concluding remarks -- Chapter 6. Experimental rheology -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Water content and temperature fluctuations -- 6.3 Choice of the apparatus -- 6.4 Evaluation of the experimental results -- Chapter 7. Macrorheology -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Method of rheological models -- 7.3 Method of integral representation -- 7.4 Empirical relations -- Chapter 8. Microrheology -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Micromechanical approach -- 8.3 Particle-based conception -- Chapter 9. Primary and secondary consolidation -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Primary consolidation -- 9.3 Secondary consolidation -- 9.4 Conclusion -- Chapter 10. Long-term strength of soils -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Stress - long-term strain diagrams -- 10.3 Long-term strength -- 10.4 Creep failure (rupture). , 10.5 Conclusion -- Chapter 11. Creep and stress relaxation -- 11.1 Creep -- 11.2 Stress relaxation -- 11.3 Conclusion -- Chapter 12. On numerical solution of rheological problems -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Numerical methods -- 12.3 Numerical modelling of creep -- 12.4 Applications -- 12.5 Conclusions -- Chapter 13. Concluding comments -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- Bibliography -- Author index -- Subject index.

Note: Front Cover -- Solar Air Conditioning and Refrigeration -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- CHAPTER 1. SOLAR ENERGY COOLING IN BUILDING -- ABSTRACT -- KEYWORDS -- INTRODUCTION -- MUNTERS ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM - (MEC) -- RANKINE CYCLE AND VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION CYCLE -- CHAPTER 2. PRINCIPLES OF ABSORPTION SYSTEMS MACHINES -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Carnot Coefficient of Performance -- 3. Refrigerant - absorbent combinations -- 4. The single-stage continuous vapour absorption cycle -- 5. Multistage and complex vapour absorption cycles -- 6. Hybrid systems -- 7. Solar operation of continuous absorption cycles -- 8. The intermittent vapour absorption cycle and solar operation -- 9. Conclusions -- 10. References -- CHAPTER 3. SOLAR ABSORPTION COOLING -- 1. The Principles of the Absorption Refrigeration Machine -- 2. Temperature vs. Vapour Pressure in the Cycle -- 3. Coefficient of Performance -- 4. Performance Characteristics -- 5. Single-Double Effect Convertible Absorption Chiller -- 6. Solar Air-Conditioning System Design and Control -- 7. Optimum Collector Area and Storage Tank Capacity -- 8. Combination of Collector and Storage Tank for Solar Heating, Cooling and Hot Water Supply System -- 9. Combination of Absorption Chiller with Auxiliary Cooling -- 10. Parallel Installation of a Solar Absorption Chiller and a Heat Pump -- 11. Efficient Use of Solar Air Conditioning -- 12. Performance Evaluation of the Total System -- References -- CHAPTER 4. DESICCANT COOLING -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND -- SOLAR-POWERED DESICCANT AIR CONDITIONING -- SUGGESTED READING -- CHAPTER 5. DESICCANT SYSTEMS -- INTRODUCTION -- SOLID DESICCANT SYSTEMS -- PERFORMANCE OF SOLID DESICCANT SYSTEMS -- LIQUID DESICCANT SYSTEMS -- SYSTEM DESCRIPTION -- COMBINATION DESICCANT AND COOLING SYSTEM. , CHAPTER 6. RADIATIVE COOLING I: THE SKY RADIATION -- INTRODUCTION -- I. DESCRIPTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE -- II. ATMOSPHERIC MODELS OF CLEAR SKY IRRADIANCE -- III. INSTRUMENTATION -- IV. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7. RADIATIVE COOLING II: APPROPRIATE SYSTEMS -- INTRODUCTION -- I - RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF THE ATMOSPHERE -- II - THE COLD RADIATIVE COMFORT ZONE -- Ill - CONCEPTION OF A RADIATIVE SYSTEM ADAPTED TO LOCAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8. NOCTURNAL COOLING -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Radiative Cooling -- 3. Evaporative Cooling -- 4. Actual Systems -- 5. General Assessment and Future Research -- 6. Conclusions -- Refereneces -- CHAPTER 9. ICE-MAKING FOR RURAL APPLICATIONS -- Introduction -- Early Work on Solar Ammonia-Water Refrigerators -- Basic Concepts -- The Ideal Cycle -- Heat Transfers in the Cycle -- Heat Transfer Rates in the Solar Collector -- Modelling the System through Time -- A Village-Size Solar Refrigerator [10] -- A Continuous Solar Ammonia-Water Absorption Refrigerator -- Solid Adsorption Refrigeration Alternatives -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 10. USE OF PASSIVE COOLING IN BUILDINGS -- 1. Passive Cooling -- 2. Indoor comfort -- 3. An approach to a "new" design process -- 4. Computer simulation and parametric studies - a useful design tool -- 5. Passive cooling in a hot and arid climate -- 6. Passive cooling in a warm and humid climate with seasons -- 7. The use of parametric studies -- 8. References -- CHAPTER 11. PHOTOVOLTAIC REFRIGERATION -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY CONVERSION -- 3. MEDICAL REFRIGERATORS -- 4. EXPERIENCE WITH PHOTOVOLTAIC REFRIGERATORS -- 5. ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS -- 6. SUMMARY -- 7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- 8. REFERENCES.

Note: Front Cover -- Nuclear Materials for Fission Reactors -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Supporting Organizations and Sponsors -- Section I: FUEL FABRICATION AND PERFORMANCE -- Chapter 1. Irradiation behavior of metallic fast reactor fuels -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Metallic fuel design -- 3. Design, operating and fabrication variables testing -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 2. MOX fuel development: yesterday, today and tomorrow -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Specific features of MOX fuel -- 3. Yesterday -- 4. Today -- 5. Tomorrow -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3. Development and characteristics of the rim region in high burnup UO2 fuel pellets -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Results -- 3. Discussion -- 4. Summary/conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4. Preparation of uranium nitride in the form of microspheres -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5. Mechanism and kinetics of the uranium-plutonium mononitride synthesis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Synthesis of the UPuN phase -- 3. Kinetics of the UPuN synthesis -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 6. Irradiation of a 19 pin subassembly with mixed carbide fuel in KNK II -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Pin fabrication data -- 3. Irradiation history -- 4. Postirradiation examination -- 5. Summary -- References -- Chapter 7. Fission product behaviour in Phenix fuel pins at high burnup -- 1. A necessary experimental program on high burnup fuel -- 2. Experimental process -- 3. Discussion -- 4. Main outcomes -- References -- Chapter 8. Fission product behaviour in fast breeder fuel pins -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental results -- 3. Discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 9. Microstructural change and its influence on fission gas release in high burnup UO2 fuel -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 10 .Concerning the microstructure changes that occur at the surface of UO2 pellets on irradiation to high burnup -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The microstructure changes -- 3. Behaviour of fission gas -- 4. Depth of penetration -- 5. Role of plutonium -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 11. Microstructural analysis of LWR spent fuels at high burnup -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Temperature-dependent fuel microstructures -- 4. Rim microstructure -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 12. Transmission electron microscopy study of fission product behaviour in high burnup UO2 -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sample preparation and examination -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 13. Fuel performance under normal PWR conditions: A review of relevant experimental results and models -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental equipment -- 3. Experimental results for overall UO2 fuel rod behaviour -- 4. In-pile behaviour of special fuels (BOL) -- 5. Microstructure Studies -- References -- Chapter 14. Fuel rod and core materials investigations related to LWR extended burnup operation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fuel behaviour studies -- 3. Corrosion and material testing -- 4. Summary -- References -- Section II: REACTOR SAFETY -- Chapter 15. The Phebus fission product project -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Program objectives -- 3. Facility description -- 4. Experimental sequence -- 5. Materials problems -- 6. Organisation, planning and status -- 7. Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 16. Information on the evolution of severe LWR fuel element damage obtained in the CORA program -- 1. Introduction -- 2. CORA fuel rod bundle, test facility and test conduct -- 3. Test results and discussion -- 4. Requirements for the Modeling of fuel element degradation and meltdown -- 5. Implications on risk minimation and accident management -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 17. Fuel behaviour under severe accident conditions: Interpretation of PTE results from the CABRI test programme -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The CABRI test programme and fuel characteristics -- 3. Fuel behaviour up to pin failure -- 4. Fuel breakup and relocation -- 5. Interaction with other materials -- 6. Behaviour of fission products -- 7. Conclusions -- Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 18. Failure behavior of plutonium-uranium mixed oxide fuel under reactivity-initiated accident condition -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experiments -- 3. Experimental results -- 4. Discussions -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 19. Transient fuel behavior of preirradiated PWR fuels under reactivity initiated accident conditions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental methods -- 3. Experimental results and discussion -- 4. Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 20. UO2 fuel behavior under RIA type tests -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 21. On the kinetics of UO2 interaction with molten Zircaloy at high temperatures -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The two-phase region formation during UO2 dissolution by molten Zr -- 3. Microscopic model for mass transfer in the two-phase region -- References -- Section III: BASIC PROPERTIES OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS -- Chapter 22. Neutron irradiation effects in boron carbides: Evolution of microstructure and thermal properties -- 1. Introduction. , 2. Experimental -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- References -- Chapter 23. On the theory of high temperature transition in fluorite-type oxides -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Landau Hamiltonian -- 3. Microscopic models -- 4. Diffusion coefficient -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 24. Thermal conductivity of (U, Pu)O2-x mixed oxide fuel -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Choice and study of the reference fuel -- 3. Influence of deviation from stoichiometry -- 4. Influence of plutonium content -- 5. Influence of Porosity -- 6. Influence of burnup -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 25. Thermal conductivity of SIMFUEL -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 26. High temperature heat capacities and electrical conductivities of UO2 doped with yttrium and simulated fission products -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 27. Defect structure and oxygen diffusion in UO2+δ -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory -- 3. Experimental procedure -- 4. Results -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 28. A comparison of the behaviour of fission gases in UO2±x and α-U3O8-z -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Computational techniques -- 3. The UO2 and U3O8 lattices -- 4. Gas atom trap sites -- 5. Migration mechanisms -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 29. Effect of temperature on bubble precipitation in uranium dioxide implanted with krypton and xenon ions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 30. Investigation of nuclear mixed oxide fuel-gas interaction by a solid electrolyte based coulometric technique -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- References. , Chapter 31. Nonideality of the solid solution in (U, Pu)O2 nuclear fuels -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Properties of the mixed oxides: experimental results -- 3. Disussion -- 4. Cation valency -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 32. Vaporization behavior of uranium-plutonium mixed nitride -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 33. The fate of nitrogen upon reprocessing of nitride fuels -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 34. Stability and structure of the δ phase of the U-Zr alloys -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 35. Study of the oxidation of a stainless steel under BWR conditions by advanced analytical techniques -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 36. Modelling of inert gas bubble behaviour during annealing of irradiated molybdenum -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 37. Mass and gamma spectrometric measurements of fission products released from overheated, fresh irradiated, uranium dioxide -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sample characteristics -- 3. Experimental equipment -- 4. Evaporation of irradiated fuel -- 5. Release of fission products -- 6. Discussion of the results per element -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 38. Structural analysis of oxide scales grown on zirconium alloys in autoclaves and in a PWR -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Dissolution of zirconium-base alloys -- 3. General morphology of oxide scales -- 4. Analysis of the active layer -- 5. Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 39. Carbon activity measurements in boron carbides using a solid state Potentiometrie cell.

Note: Front Cover -- Chemical Sensor Technology -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Editorial Board -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Development of the TGS Gas Sensor -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Invention of the Gas Sensor -- 3. Establishment of Figaro Engineering Inc -- References -- Chapter 2. Some Basic Aspects of Semiconductor Gas Sensors -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Microstructure of SnO2 Particles -- 3. Influence of Microstructure on Gas Sensitivity -- 4. Modifications of SnO2 Surface -- 5. Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3. Silicon Technologies for Sensor Fabrication -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Basic Processing Steps -- 3. Silicon on Insulator Technology -- 4. Silicon Micromechanics -- 5. Thin Film Chemical Sensors on Silicon Substrates -- 6. Chemical Sensors Based on Silicon Devices -- 7. Micromachined Chemical Sensors -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4. Characterization of Oxygen Adsorbates on Semiconductive Oxides -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Oxygen Species Adsorbed on Oxides -- 3. Adsorption States of Oxygen Species on Oxides -- 4. Reactivity of Oxygen Species Adsorbed on Metal Oxides -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5. Miniaturization of Catalytic Combustion Sensors -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Conventional Catalytic Combustion Sensors -- 3. Improvement for Selectivce CO Detection -- 4. Development of Low-power Sensors -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6. Solid Electrolyte Potentiometric Oxygen Gas Sensors -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Operating Principles -- 3. Precision of Oxygen Partial Pressure Determination -- 4. Accuracy and Reliability -- 5. Response Time -- 6. Materials -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7. NASICON: a Sensitive Membrane for Ion Analysis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Structure and Properties of NASICON -- 3. NASICON Preparation Processes. , 4. ISE Improvements with NASICON -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8. Characterization of Poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) and Its Application to Electrochemical Sensors -- 1. Introduction -- 2. NMR Studies of Irradiated DMDAAC -- 3. Electrochemistry of Poly(DMDAAC) Networks on Platinum and Graphite -- 4. Solid-state Electrochemical Measurements Using Poly(DMDAAC) -- 5. Humidity Sensor -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9. Biosensors with Microvolume Reaction Chambers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. LAPS Devices -- 3. Kinetics of pH change in Microvolumes -- 4. Application to Enzyme-linked Immunoassays -- 5. The Measurement of the Metabolism of Living Cells -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10. Enzyme Sensor Utilizing an Immobilized Mediator -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Use of Conducting Support -- 3. The Use of Water-soluble Macromolecular Mediators -- 4. Future Prospects -- References -- Chapter 11. Piezoelectric Biosensors -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Principles of Piezoelectric Acoustic Sensors -- 3. Bioactive Surfaces -- 4. Experimental Piezoelectric Biosensors -- 5. Future Trends -- References -- Chapter 12. Sensitization of Dielectric Surfaces by Chemical Grafting Application to ISFETs and ENFETs -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Chemical Sensitization of ISFETs -- 3. Surface Silanization of Silica Thin Layer -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13. High Sensitive Immunosensor Employing Surface Photovoltage Technique -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Surface Photovoltage (SPV) Technique -- 3. Experimental Details -- 4. Experimental Results -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 14. Non-invasive Monitoring of Glucose in Blood -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Suction Effusion Fluid as a Bio-chemical Constituent Sensing Sample -- 3. ISFET Biosensor for Body Fluid -- 4. Feasibility Study by Animal Experiments. , 5. SEF Technology Applied to Humans -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15. Biosensing System for Odor Compounds Using Plants -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Biosensor and Biosensing -- 3. Strategy for the Development of an Odor-sensing System Using Plants -- 4. Response Properties of Plant Leaf to CO2 Gas -- 5. Mechanism and Significance of Leaf Responsiveness to High Concentrations of CO2 Gas -- 6. Responsive Properties of Plant Leaf to Odor Compounds -- 7. Quantitative Experiments on Odor Compounds -- 8. Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.

Note: Front Cover -- SiC, Natural and Synthetic Diamond and Related Materials -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Sponsors -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1. Preparation and optical properties of wide gap II-VI compounds -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Growth methods -- 3. Strained layers -- 4. Doping -- 5. Summary and conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2. Optical bestability in II-VI compounds -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Optical non-linearities -- 3. Optical bistability -- 4. Hybrid electro-optical bistability -- 5. Self-oscillations -- 6. Conclusions and outlook -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3. Optical studies of donors and acceptors in cubic SiC -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4. Electron spin resonance studies of transition metal deep level impurities in SiC -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Amphoteric vanadium -- 3. (Ti-N) donor pairs -- References -- Note added in proof -- Chapter 5. Characterization of 3C-SiC epilayers by pulsed electron spin resonance -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experiments -- 3.Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6. Electron paramagnetic resonance study of new centres in SiC -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental results and discussion -- References -- Chapter 7. Measurement of electro-optical properties of β-SiC on sapphir esubstrates and free-standing films -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- Reference -- Chapter 8. Interdiffusion in amorphous Si/SiC multilayers -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sample preparation -- 3. X-ray diffraction -- 4. X-ray analysis -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Crystallinity -- 7. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9. Optical absorption coefficients in a-Si1-x Cx:H. , 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 10. Short-range order in hydrogenated amorphous Si-C alloys studied by extended X-ray absorption fine structure -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experiment and results -- 3. Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11. A computational study into the origin of SiC polytypes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Ionicity and competing interlayer interactions -- 3. Crystal growth -- 4. Phonon free energies and the (2)-(3) phase boundary -- 5. The (23) polytype as intermediate phase -- 6. Relaxational effects -- 7. The higher order polytypes beyond (23) -- 8. Conclusions with indications for furthe rexperiments -- References -- Chapter 12. Composition and structure of epitaxial β-SiC films grown by reactive magnetron sputtering on Si(100) substrates -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 13. Influence of deposition parameters on the properties of SiC films -- References -- Chapter 14. Influence of surface energy on the growth of 6H-and 4H-SiC polytypes by sublimation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15. Stress modification and characterization of thin SiC films grown byplasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental procedure -- 3. Results and discussion -- 4.. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 16. Preparation of crystalline SiC thin films by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition and by ion beam modification of silicon -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Preparation procedures and analysis techniques -- 3. Results -- 4. Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 17. Growth and properties of CVD-SiC layers using tetramethylsilane -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 18. SiC and TaC as optical materials -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 19. Growth of SiC on silicon in a low pressure vertical reactor -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Reactor simulation -- 4. Reactor growths -- 5. Electrical properties of the films -- 6. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 20. Electronic structure of laser-synthesized SiC by photoelectron and soft X-ray spectroscopy -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Core levels -- 4. Valence and conduction state -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 21. SiC bipolar devices -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental results -- 3. Final conclusions and prospects for further development -- References -- Chapter 22. Fabrication of SiC epitaxial structures for devices by the method of sublimation in an open system -- References -- Chapter 23. Applications of SiC thin films in low temperature devices -- Chapter 24. α-SiC buried-gate junction field effect transistors -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Device structure and fabricatio n -- 3. Device characterization -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 25. Chemical vapor deposition of β -SiC on silicon-on-sapphire and silicon-on-insulator substrates -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Results and discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 26. Characterization studies of low pressure chemical vapour deposition SICARB layers for wide band gap emitters -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis. , 4. Results and discussion -- 5.Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 27. Electron channelling radiation: first steps towards a bright and tunable X-ray source -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The superconducting Darmstadt electronlinear accelerato r and its low energy channellin gradiation facility -- 3. Axial channelling radiation in diamond -- 4 Possible improvements and next steps -- 5.Conclusion and outlook -- Acknowledgment s -- References -- Chapter 28. Prospects for new applications of diamond produced by stable andmetastable synthesis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Applications -- 3. Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 29. Hard-photon emission and shower formation when multigiga-electronvolt electrons penetrate single crystals near axial directions: strong-field effects -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Radiation emission -- 4. Shower formation -- 5. Conclusion -- 6. Outlook -- References -- Chapter 30. Applications exploiting the extreme properties of diamonds -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Heat sinks -- 3. Optical components -- 4. Surgical blades -- 5. Anvils -- 6.Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 31. Polycrystalline diamond for optical thin films -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Preparation and characterization of PC Dfilms -- 3.Thin films -- 4. Thick films -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 32. High energy ion implantation into diamond and cubic boron nitride -- 1.Introduction -- 2.Interactio n of accelerate d ions with a solidmatrix -- 3. Why shoul d high energ y ion implantatio n beapplie d to superhar d semiconductors ? -- 4. Impurities and defects -- 5. The ion-implanted layer -- 6. Disordered regions and point defects -- 7. Track formation -- 8. Structure of ion-irradiate d layer -- 9. Effect of high pressure due to the tracks -- 10. Migratio n of impuritie s and defect s throug hth e track s. , 11. Role of nuclear reactions -- 12. Determination of high energy ion implantationfor superhard semiconductors -- 13. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 33. Limits to diamond and diamond-like material properties produced under metastable conditions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Structure -- 3. Synthesis -- 4. Properties -- 5.Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 34. Limits to quality and size of diamond and cubic boron nitrid esynthesized under high pressure, high temperature conditions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Diamond synthesis mechanism -- 3. Experimental details -- 4. Cubic boron nitride -- 5. Conclusions -- 6 References -- Chapter 35. Megaelectronvolt ion irradiation effects in amorphous carbon: the roles of the C-C and C-C bonds -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Resistivit y change s -- 3 . Graphit e grai n formatio n -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 36. Theoretical status of diamond and its defects, excited state sand atomic motion -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The vacancy in diamond -- 3 . Isolated substitutional nitrogen in diamond -- 4 . Relation to other excited states -- 5. Reorientation -- 6 . Quantum diffusion : small-polaro n or classica lmotion ? -- 7. Concluding remarks -- References -- Chapter 37. Materials modification: doping of diamond by ion implantation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Implantation and radiation damag e -- 3. Doping by means of cold implantation -- 4 . The possibl e origin and natur e of th ecompensatin g donor s -- 5. The differen t behaviou r of self-interstitial sand boro n interstitial s -- 6. Damag e and dopan t injectio n using onlyboro n ions -- 7. Conclusio n -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 38. The fate of implanted 19F ions in diamond and their theoretical modelling -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental details -- 3. Analysis of the spectra -- 4 . Results and interpretation -- 5. Conclusions. , Acknowledgments.

Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Preface -- Contributors -- Contents -- 1. Economic Assessment of Membrane Processes -- INTRODUCTION -- FUNDAMENTALS OF MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANEPROCESSES -- Definition of a Membrane: Structure and Function -- Properties and Applications of Technically Relevant Membranes -- Technically Relevant Membrane Separation Processes and Their Applications -- Membrane Modules and Their Design -- TECHNICALLY RELEVANT MEMBRANE APPLICATIONS AND THEIR ECONOMICAL SIGNIFICANCE -- Membrane Processes in Water Treatment -- Membrane Processes in the Food Industry -- Membrane Processes in Medical Devices -- Membrane Processes in the Chemical and PetrochemicalIndustry -- Membrane Processes in Biotechnology -- THE MEMBRANE MARKET AND ITS EXPECTED DEVELOPMENT -- Process and Product Related Market Distribution -- Regional Distribution of the Membrane Market -- Regional Distribution of the Membrane Industry -- Price Structure of Membrane Products and Processes -- THE MEMBRANE INDUSTRY AND ITS STRUCTURE -- MEMBRANE-RELATED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT -- REFERENCES -- 2. Separation of Unsaturates by Complexing with Nonaqueous Solutions of Cuprous Salts -- INTRODUCTION -- THE CUPROUS ION-OLEFIN BOND IN SEPARATIONS -- COMPETITIVE EQUILIBRIA IN THE COMPLEXATION OF CUPROUS SALTS -- PREPARATION OF IONIC CUPROUS SALTS -- Dry Cuprous Salts -- Cuprous Salts in Nonaqueous Solutions -- SOLUBILITIES OF CUPROUS SALTS IN NONAQUEOUS SOLVENTS -- HYDROCARBON CAPACITY OF CUPROUS SALT SOLUTIONS -- CUPROUS-OLEFIN COMPLEXING WITH IONIC CUPROUS SALTS -- Complexes Formed by Solid CuTFA -- Complexes Formed in CuTFA Solutions -- Calorimetry of Cuprous Complexes in Solutions: Solvent and Anion Effects -- PROCESS IMPLICATIONS -- Separation of Low Molecular Weight Olefins from Paraffins. , Styrene/Ethylbenzene Separation Based on Dual-Solvent Cuprous Salt/Propionitrile/Paraffin Systems -- Separations of Diolefins by Cuprous Complexing -- Recovery of Carbon Monoxide by Cuprous Salt Solutions -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- 3. Olefin Recovery and Purification via Silver Complexation -- INTRODUCTION -- CONVENTIONAL OLEFIN RECOVERY SYSTEM -- BOND COMPLEXATION -- COMMERCIAL AND PROPOSED PROCESSES -- EXPERIMENTAL DATA AND MODELING -- Experimental Procedures -- Phase Equilibrium Data -- SILVER COMPLEXATION-BASED PROCESS -- PROCESS ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS -- Absorption -- Venting of Impurities -- Desorption -- ECONOMICS AND PROCESS RISK -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 4. Immobilized Bioadsorbents for Dissolved Metals -- INTRODUCTION -- BIOADSORBENT MATERIALS -- Microbial Biomass -- Plant Tissue -- Animal Tissue -- ADSORPTION AND DESORPTION MECHANISMS -- Adsorption by Living Organisms -- Adsorption by Nonliving or Inactive Biomass -- Desorption Mechanisms -- BIOPROCESSING SYSTEMS -- Immobilization of the Bioadsorbent -- Contacting Systems -- FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 5. Membrane Separations in the Recovery of Biofuels and Biochemicals: An Update Review -- MEMBRANE UNIT OPERATIONS -- Reverse Osmosis (RO) -- Pervaporation (PV) -- Vapor Permeation (VPe) -- Membrane Extraction (Perstraction) -- Electrodialysis (ED) -- Membrane Performance (Terminology) -- NOTES ON THE TABLES -- ETHANOL RECOVERY -- Pervaporation -- Vapor Permeation -- Reverse Osmosis -- Membrane Extraction -- ACETONE, BUTANOL, AND ISOPROPANOL RECOVERY -- Pervaporation -- Vapor Permeation: Products Dehydration -- Reverse Osmosis: Products Concentration -- Membrane Extraction -- Product/Organic Separations -- MISCELLANEOUS BIOFUELS AND BIOCHEMICALS -- Pervaporation -- Reverse Osmosis -- Electrodialysis (ED) -- Membrane Extraction -- CONCLUSIONS. , ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 6. Commercial Applications of Emulsion Liquid Membranes -- INTRODUCTION -- CURRENT EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE STATUS -- SEPARATION APPLICATIONS -- Principles of Liquid Membrane Separation Processes -- Recovery of Zinc -- Phenol Removal -- Cyanide Removal -- SEGREGATION OF REAGENTS BY ENCAPSULATION -- SOME POSSIBLE FUTURE IMPROVEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 7. Evaluation of Mass Transfer Coefficients from Single-Drop Models in Pulsed Sieve-Plate Extraction Columns -- EXPERIMENTAL -- DROP SIZE AND DISTRIBUTION -- DISPERSED PHASE HOLDUP AND INTERFACIAL AREA -- BACKFLOW MODEL AND PARAMETER ESTIMATION -- TRUE'' INTERPHASE MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN PSE COLUMNS -- DESIGN OF PSE COLUMN FROM FIRST PRINCIPLES -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- NOMENCLATURE -- REFERENCES -- 8. Liquid Waste Concentration by Electrodialysis -- INTRODUCTION -- THE FUNCTIONS OF ELECTRODIALYSIS -- Purpose of Electrodialysis -- Principle of Electrodialysis -- General Considerations -- Location of Electrodialysis in a Process -- THEORY OF CONCENTRATION BY ELECTRODIALYSIS -- Fluxes of Matter and Electricity -- Operating Conditions -- Consequences -- ECONOMIC ASPECTS -- Basics of the Balances -- Investment Costs -- Annual Costs -- Costs of Products Treated -- Overall Balance-Turnover -- APPLICATION TO HYDROMETALLURGY -- Electrowinning of Metals -- Zinc Metallurgy -- APPLICATION TO SURFACE TREATMENTS -- Recovery of Nickel by Electrodialysis -- Recovery of Copper by Electrodialysis -- Cyanide Baths -- APPLICATION TO OTHER INDUSTRIES -- Glass Industry: Demineralization of Rinse Water -- Chemical Industries: Recovery of Catalyst -- Food Industry: Treatment of Wheys and Other Milk Byproducts -- Food Industries: Liquid Waste from a Distillery -- MEMBRANE ELECTROHYDROLYSIS -- Bipolar Membranes -- Recovery of Steel Pickle Liquors. , Recovery of Glass-Etching Solution -- ELECTRO-ELECTRODIALYSIS -- The Principle -- Recovery of Chromium by EED -- DIALYSIS -- Ordinary and Donnan Dialysis -- Dialysis of Acids -- Basic Equations -- Dialysis of Effluents from a Nickel Galvanization Bath -- Dialysis of Effluents from Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum -- Dialysis of Effluents from the Plating Industry -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Introduction -- Explanation of the List -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z.

Note: Front Cover -- Contouring: A Guide to the Analysis and Display of Spatial Data -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Figures and Tables -- Series Editor's Foreword -- Preface -- PART 1: Practical Contouring -- Section 1.0. Getting a Picture -- SECTION SUMMARY -- FIRST -- LOADING A PROGRAM -- PLOTTER OUTPUT -- Section 1.1. Data Preparation -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- DATA SET STRUCTURE -- Section 1.2. Setting Contour Levels -- SECTION SUMMARY -- CONTOURS -- SETTING CONTOUR LEVELS -- Section 1.3. Data Windows -- SECTION SUMMARY -- WINDOWS -- SELECTING DATA WINDOWS -- Section 1.4. Adjusting Surface Tautness -- SECTION SUMMARY -- SURFACES -- SETTING TAUTNESS -- Section 1.5. Display Types -- SECTION SUMMARY -- OUTPUT RESOLUTION -- GRIDDING -- PLANAR ISOLINES -- ISOMETRIC ISOLINES -- ISOMETRIC ORTHOGONAL PROFILES -- STEREOGRAMS -- Section 1.6. Changing Color-fill Colors -- SECTION SUMMARY -- COLORS -- COLOR SPECTRUM -- Section 1.7. Computing Volumes -- SECTION SUMMAR -- INTRODUCTION -- AREA OF A PARALLELOGRAM -- AREA OF A TRIANGLE -- VOLUME OF A TRIANGULAR PRISM -- VOLUME UNDE RA SURFACE -- NUMERICAL INTEGRATION -- CIRCUMCENTER OF A TRIANGLE -- AREA OF A TRIANGLE IN 3D -- CIRCUMCENTER OF A TETRAHEDRON -- CIRCUMCENTE R OF A TRIANGLE IN 3D -- VOLUM E OF A PARALLELEPIPED -- VOLUM E OF A TETRAHEDRON -- GEOMETRICAL STATISTICS -- Section 1.8. Trouble shooting -- SECTION SUMMARY -- DATA SET PROBLEMS -- WORKING STORAGE EXCEEDED -- INPUT DATA WINDOW -- Section 1.9. Program Adaptations -- SECTION SUMMARY -- COMBINING PROGRAMS -- THREADING ISOLINES -- HISTOGRAMS -- OGIVES -- BLOCK AVERAGES -- COMBINING SURFACE -- PART 2: Principles of Contouring -- Section 2.0. General Concepts of Contouring -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- TOPOGRAPHICAL DATA -- HISTORY OF CONTOURING -- ISOLINE MAPS -- DOT DENSITY MAPS -- ISOCHOR MAPS -- OTHER MAPS. , COMPUTING CONTOURS -- MAJOR DIFFICULTIES OF CONTOURING -- Section 2.1. Data Sorting -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- PROXIMAL ORDER -- EXPRESSING PROXIMAL ORDER -- NATURAL NEIGHBOR SORTING ALGORITHMS -- Section 2.2. Subset Selection -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- SUBSET REQUIREMENTS -- SELECTION CRITERIA -- Section 2.3. Local Coordinates -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- BINARY LOCAL COORDINATES -- BARYCENTRIC COORDINATES -- RECTANGULAR LOCAL COORDINATES -- NATURAL NEIGHBOR COORDINATES -- COMPUTING NATURAL NEIGHBOR COORDINATES -- Section 2.4. GradientEstimation -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- SURFACE TYPES -- GRADIENT SUBSETS -- TANGENT PLANES -- Section 2.5 Interpolation -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- IDEAL INTERPOLATION -- DIFFICULT ASPECTS -- GENERAL APPROACHES -- FITTED FUNCTION INTERPOLATION -- WEIGHTED AVERAGE INTERPOLATION -- MANUAL METHODS -- COMPUTER METHODS -- DISCUSSION -- SECTION 2.6. Blending Functions -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- GLOBAL BLENDING FUNCTIONS -- LOCAL BLENDING FUNCTIONS -- SECTION 2. 7 OutputTechnique s -- SECTION SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- DISPLAY MEDIA -- OUTPUT DATABASE -- TRIANGULAR GRIDS -- FOLLOWING CONTOURS -- ISOMETRIC VIEWS -- INTERVAL FILLING -- COLOR-FILLED ISOMETRIC VIEWS -- ORTHOGONAL PROFILES -- STEREOGRAMS -- NUMERICAL OUTPUT -- SECTION 2.8. Execution Efficiency -- SECTION SUMMARY -- SPATIAL SORTING -- GRADIENT ESTIMATION -- INTERPOLATION EFFICIENCY -- DISPLAY EFFICIENCY -- Some Published Programs -- SUMMARY -- Glossary of Contouring Terms -- References to Contouring Literatur -- Appendix: Included Software -- SUMMARY -- INITIALIZATION AND DATA INPUT -- GRADIENT ESTIMATION -- SURFACE CONSTRUCTION -- Index.

Note: Front Cover -- Regolith Exploration Geochemistry in Tropical and Subtropical Terrains -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Editor's foreword -- Preface -- List of contributors -- Introduction -- PART I: CHARACTERISTICS OF TROPICALLY WEATHERED TERRAINS -- Chapter I.l. Climate, geomorphological environment and geochemical dispersion models -- Climate -- Climatic geomorphology -- Geochemical dispersion and exploration models -- Chapter 1.2. Chemical weathering -- Introduction -- Types of weathering reaction -- Development of a weathering profile -- Transfer of elements during weathering -- Chapter 1.3. The ferruginous latentes -- Introduction -- The latente profile -- Chemical mass balances and differentiation of lateritic horizons -- Rates of chemical weathering and mechanical erosion -- Stability fields of hydrated and dehydrated minerals -- Chapter 1.4. Soil formation in tropically weathered terrains -- Introduction -- Dynamic equilibria in soils -- Factors and processes of soil formation in the tropical zone -- Transformation systems in the tropical zone -- Classification of tropical soils -- Chapter 1.5. The chemical mobility and transport of elements in the weathering environment -- Introduction -- Solubility -- Formation of inorganic and organic complexes -- Adsorption -- Co-precipitation -- Chelation by humic materials -- Microorganisms -- Environmental effects -- Chapter 1.6. Physical weathering and dispersion -- Introduction -- Disintegration of minerals and rocks -- Physical translocation within weathering profiles -- Physical transport on slopes -- Environmental influences on physical dispersion -- PART II: GOSSAN FORMATION AND GOSSAN SURVEYS -- Chapter II.i. Introduction -- Chapter II. 1. The mechanisms of sulphide oxidation and gossan formation -- Introduction -- Oxidative electrochemical weathering. , Effects due to the mineralogy of the ore -- Binding of base metals with gossan (iron bearing) minerals -- Control by pH -- Weathering of specific minerals -- Conclusion -- Chapter II.2. Gossan and ironstone surveys -- Introduction -- Gossan search -- Gossan identification: basic principles -- Gossan evaluation: geochemistry -- Data interpretation -- Lead isotope techniques -- Case histories -- Summary -- PART III: EXPLORATION IN AREAS OF LOW TO MODERATE RELIEF -- Chapter III.l. Seasonally humid tropical terrains (savannas) -- Introduction -- A-type dispersion models: pre-existing lateritic profile mostly preserved -- B-type dispersion models: pre-existing profile partly truncated -- Conclusion -- Chapter III.2. Humid tropical terrains (rainforests) -- Distribution and description -- Dispersion models: low recent alteration -- Dispersion models: moderate recent alteration -- Dispersion models: strong recent alteration ("stone-line" weathering profiles) -- Conclusions -- Chapter III.3. Semiarid and arid terrains -- The warm arid zone -- Characteristics of the weathering profile -- A-type models: pre-existing profile essentially preserved -- B-type models: pre-existing profile partly truncated -- Model C: profile completely truncated -- Summary and conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- PART IV: EXPLORATION IN AREAS OF MODERATE TO HIGH RELIEF -- Chapter IV. 1. Dissected terrains and tropical mountains -- Introduction -- Distribution -- Rainforests and wet savannas -- Dry savannas, semiarid and arid terrains -- Conclusions -- PART V: SPECIFIC COMMODITIES AND TECHNIQUES -- Chapter V.l. Diamond exploration in tropical terrains -- Introduction -- Petrology and geochemistry of kimberlitic rocks -- The tropical weathering of kimberlitic rocks -- Distribution of selected elements in near-surface samples over and near kimberlitic rocks -- Pathfinder mineral sampling. , Discussion and conclusions -- Chapter V.2. Uranium exploration in tropical terrains -- Introduction -- Geochemical and genetic considerations -- Classification and examples of lateritic uranium concentrations -- Exploration and evaluation of lateritic U concentrations -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter V.3. The geochemistry of gold in lateritic terrains -- Introduction -- Gold in the weathering environment -- The formation of supergene gold deposits in lateritic terrain -- Gold dispersion and the surface expression of mineralization -- Summary: recommendations for gold exploration -- Chapter V.4. Heavy mineral surveys in exploration of lateritic terrain -- Introduction -- Heavy minerals in lateritic environments -- Methods of sample preparation -- Identification of transported weathering material -- The use of heavy mineral surveys in geological mapping -- The use of heavy minerals in mineral exploration -- Concluding remarks -- PART VI: SYNTHESIS AND CONCLUSIONS -- Chapter VI. 1. Summary and procedural recommendations -- Introduction -- Exploration problems in tropically weathered terrains -- Exploration objectives -- Recognition of the weathering and geomorphological environment -- Application of the appropriate dispersion models -- Selection of exploration procedures -- Effectiveness of geochemical exploration in tropically weathered terrains -- Exploration geochemistry and anthropogenic environmental change -- APPENDICES -- Appendix 1. Sample media used in geochemical exploration in tropically weathered environments:definitions and use -- Gossans -- Ironstones -- Saprolite -- Lateritic cuirasse (duricrust), lateritic gravels and lag -- Soils -- Transported overburden -- Appendix 2. Sample preparation and analysis -- Sample preparation -- Analysis -- Appendix 3. Profile nomenclature and glossary -- Profile terminology -- Glossary of terms. , References -- Author index -- Place index -- Subject index.