Note: Front Cover -- The Chemistry of Nonaqueous Solvents: Acid and Aprotic Solvents -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Contents of Other Volumes -- Chapter 1. Trifluoroacetic Acid -- I. Introduction -- II. Solvent Purification -- III. Physical Properties and Solvent Structure -- IV. Electrochemistry -- V. Solubilities -- VI. Reactions in Trifluoroacetic Acid -- References -- Chapter 2. Halosulfuric Acids -- I. Fluorosulfuric Acid -- II. Chlorosulfuric Acid -- References -- Chapter 3. The Interhalogens -- I. Introduction -- II. Preparations and Problems of Purity -- III. Physical Properties -- IV. Chemical Properties-Halogenation -- V. Solvent Properties -- VI. Spectroscopic and Structural Studies of Some Halogen Fluorides -- References -- Chapter 4. Inorganic Halides and Oxyhalides as Solvents -- I. Introduction -- II. Antimony Halides -- III. Arsenic Halides -- IV. Nitrosyl and Nitryl Halides -- V. Phosphoryl and Thiophosphoryl Halides -- VI. Seleninyl Chloride -- VII. Sulfur Halides and Oxyhalides -- VIII. Tin(IV) Chloride -- References -- Chapter 5. Molten Salts as Nonaqueous Solvents -- I. Introduction -- II. Halide Melts -- III. Nitrate Melts -- IV. Conclusions -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index.

Note: Front Cover -- The Chemistry of Nonaqueous Solvents: Principles and Basic Solvents -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Contents of Other Volumes -- Chapter 1. Solvation and Complex Formation in Protic and Aprotic Solvents -- I. Solvation, Solubility, and Complex Stability -- II. Selection and Properties of Solvents to Be Compared -- III. Solvation Enthalpies of Individual Ions and Neutral Molecules in Some Representative Solvents -- IV. Stabilities of Complexes in the Solvents Selected -- V. Thermodynamics of Complex Formation Reactions in the Solvents Selected -- References -- Chapter 2. Solvent Basicity -- I. Introduction -- II. Basicity of Bulk Solvents -- III. Basicity of Solvents as Solutes in Reference Acid Media -- IV. Basicity of Solvents as Reactants with Brønsted and Lewis Reference Acids in Inert Media -- V. Basicity of Solvents as Reactants with Reference Acids in the Gas Phase -- VI. Correlation of Solvent Basicity Parameters -- References -- Note Added in Proof -- Chapter 3. Nonaqueous Solvents in Organic Electroanalytical Chemistry -- I. Introduction -- II. Advantages of the Use of Nonaqueous Solvents -- III. Problems Involved in the Use of Nonaqueous Solvents -- IV. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4. Ion-Selective Electrodes in Nonaqueous Solvents -- I. Introduction -- II. Fundamental Theoretical Considerations -- III. Practical Applications -- References -- Chapter 5. Pyridine as a Nonaqueous Solvent -- I. Introduction -- II. Purification of Pyridine -- III. Physical Properties of Pyridine -- IV. Pyridine as a Nonaqueous Solvent for Analytical Studies -- V. Behavior of Salts in Pyridine -- VI. Acid-Base Equilibria in Pyridine -- VII. Redox Reactions in Pyridine -- VIII. Halogens and Halogen Complexes in Pyridine -- References. , Chapter 6. Anhydrous Hydrazine and Water-Hydrazine Mixtures -- I. Introduction -- II. Preparation -- III. Properties -- IV. Hydrazine as a Reagent -- V. Anhydrous Hydrazine as a Solvent -- VI. Water-Hydrazine Mixtures as Solvents -- VII. Solvation by Hydrazine: Comparison with Other Solvents -- VIII. Experimental Data -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index.

Note: Front Cover -- Chemistry and Action of Herbicide Antidotes -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Part I: Introduction -- CHAPTER 1. HERBICIDE ANTIDOTES: FROM CONCEPT TO PRACTICE -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. PHENOXYACETIC ACIDS AND OTHER GROWTH REGULATORS AS ANTIDOTES -- III. NEED FOR ANTIDOTES -- IV. CONSIDERATIONS IN SCREENING METHODS FOR ANTIDOTE DETECTION -- V. CORN-EPTC SCREEN FOR ANTIDOTES -- VI. MULTIPLE CROP-MULTIPLE HERBICIDE SCREEN FOR ANTIDOTES -- VII. 1,8-NAPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE AS A SEED TREATMENT ANTIDOTE -- VIII. ANTIDOTES IN RELATION TO DORMANCY -- IX. REFERENCES -- Part II: Antidote Structure-Activity Relationships -- CHAPTER 2. ANTIDOTES PROTECT CORN FROM THIOCARBAMATE HERBICIDE INJURY -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. DISCOVERY OF R-25788 AS AN EPTC ANTIDOTE -- III. R-25788 ALSO ANTIDOTES CORN INJURY FROM OTHER THIOCARBAMATE HERBICIDES -- IV. EFFECTIVENESS OF R-25788 IN FIELD TRIALS -- V. PROPERTIES AND IMPORTANCE OF R-25788 -- VI. REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3. DIAZOSULFONATES AS PROTECTANTS AGAINST ATRAZINE TOXICITY TO SOYBEANS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES -- III. SOIL INCORPORATION OF DIAZOSULFONATES -- IV. SEED COATING OF DIAZOSULFONATES -- V. REFERENCES -- Part III: Comparative Activity, Selectivity, and Field Applications of Herbicide Antidotes -- CHAPTER 4. COMPARATIVE ACTIVITY AND SELECTIVITY OF HERBICIDE ANTIDOTES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. PHYSIOLOGICAL SELECTIVITY OF N,N-DIALLYL-2,2-DICHLOROACETAMIDE (R-25788) AS AN ANTIDOTE FOR EPTC IN CORN -- III. COMPARATIVE SELECTIVITY OF NA (1,8-NAPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE) AND R-25788 (N,N-DIALLYL-2,2-DICHLOROACETAMIDE) AS ANTIDOTES FOR EPTC IN PLANTS -- IV. ACTIVITY OF R-25788 (N,N-DIALLYL-2,2-DICHLOROACETAMIDE) AND NA (1,8-NAPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE) AS ANTIDOTES FOR OTHER HERBICIDES IN ADDITION TO EPTC. , V. EFFECT OF R-25788 ON EPTC UPTAKE AND METABOLISM IN CORN -- VI. STRUCTURE/ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ANTIDOTES FOR THIOCARBAMATE HERBICIDES IN CORN -- VII. DISCUSSION -- VIII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- IX. REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5. FIELD APPLICATIONS OF THIOCARBAMATE ANTIDOTES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. THIOCARBAMATE ANTIDOTES -- III. REFERENCES -- Part IV: Physiological Actions of Thiocarbamate Herbicides and Their Antidotes -- CHAPTER 6. SITE OF UPTAKE AND ACTION OF THIOCARBAMATE HERBICIDES AND HERBICIDE ANTIDOTES IN CORN SEEDLINGS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. APPLICATION AS VAPORS -- III. APPLICATION TO THE SOIL IN THE SHOOT OR ROOT ZONE -- IV. APPLICATION BY THE SPLIT-ROOT TECHNIQUE -- V. APPLICATION AS FOLIAGE SPRAYS AND DIPS -- VI. APPLICATION IN LANOLIN PASTE -- VII. REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7. PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF LIPID COMPONENTS TO THIOCARBAMATES AND ANTIDOTES -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. EPICUTICULAR WAX SYNTHESIS -- III. INTERNAL FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS -- IV. COMPLEX LIPID SYNTHESIS -- V. LIGHT INTENSITY INFLUENCE -- VI. CHLOROPLAST CONSTITUENT SYNTHESIS -- VII. MIXED-FUNCTION MONOOXYGENASE ACTIVITY -- VIII. DISCUSSION -- IX. REFERENCES -- Part V: Antidote Metabolism and Effects on Herbicide Metabolism -- CHAPTER 8. METABOLISM OF R-25788 (N,N-DIALLYL-2,2-DICHLOROACETAMIDE) IN CORN PLANTS, RATS AND SOIL -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- IV. REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9. GLUTATHIONE CONJUGATION: A MECHANISM FOR HERBICIDE DETOXICATION AND SELECTIVITY IN PLANTS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- III. GLUTATHIONE CONJUGATION IN PLANTS -- IV. GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASES -- V. GSH CONJUGATION AND HERBICIDE SELECTIVITY -- VI. REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10. INVOLVEMENT OF GLUTATHIONE AND GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASES IN THE ACTION OF DICHLOROACETAMIDE ANTIDOTES FOR THIOCARBAMATE HERBICIDES -- I. INTRODUCTION. , II. THIOCARBAMATE METABOLISM IN CORN PLANTS AND MAMMALS -- III. THIOCARBAMATE SULFOXIDES ARE POTENT HERBICIDES -- IV. R-25788 ENHANCES EPTC SULFOXIDE METABOLISM IN CORN -- V. R-25788 ELEVATES CORN GSH CONTENT AND GSH S-TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY -- VI. CORRELATION OF ANTIDOTAL POTENCY FOR COMPOUNDS RELATED TO R-25788 WITH INCREASED ROOT GSH CONTENT AND GSH S-TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY -- VII. FINDINGS ON VARIOUS ANTIDOTE-ORGANISM-HERBICIDE COMBINATIONS -- VIII. COMMENTS ON OTHER OBSERVATIONS RELATIVE TO R-25788 ACTION -- IX. ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- X. REFERENCES -- Part VI: Summary -- CHAPTER 11. HERBICIDE ANTIDOTES: PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. GOALS IN FUTURE RESEARCH -- III. ANTIDOTE MODE OF ACTION -- IV. CONCLUDING COMMENTS -- V. REFERENCES -- Index.

Note: Front Cover -- Water Activity and Food -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- CHAPTER 1. WATER ACTIVITY-BASIC CONCEPTS -- Water in Foods -- Properties of Solutions -- Water Binding -- Water Sorption Isotherms -- Temperature Effects -- Hysteresis -- Frozen Foods -- Nonequilibrium Conditions -- Applications -- Water Activity Values for Foods -- References -- CHAPTER 2. METHODS -- Desired Characteristics -- Water Activity Methods -- Relative Humidity Methods -- Total Moisture Methods -- Calibration -- Control of αw -- References -- CHAPTER 3. ENZYME REACTIONS AND NONENZYMATIC BROWNING -- Effect of Water Activity on Enzymatic Reactions -- Effect of Water Activity on Nonenzymatic Browning Reactions -- References -- CHAPTER 4. LIPID OXIDATION, CHANGES IN TEXTURE, COLOR, AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY -- Effect of αw on Lipid Oxidation -- Effect of αw on Food Texture -- Effect of αw on Food Pigments -- Effect of αw on Nutrients -- References -- CHAPTER 5. MICROBIAL GROWTH -- Bacteria -- Fungi -- Interactions with Water Activity -- Sporulation, Germination, and Outgrowth -- Solute Effects -- Hysteresis Effects -- Physiological Basis of Tolerance of Reduced Water Activity -- References -- CHAPTER 6. FOOD PRESERVATION AND SPOILAGE -- Cereals and Legumes -- Fish -- Meat -- Milk Products -- Vegetables -- Fruit -- Confectionery -- References -- CHAPTER 7. MICROBIAL SURVIVAL -- Survivor Curves -- Survival at Freezing Temperatures -- Survival at Moderate Temperatures -- Survival at Elevated Temperatures -- Sublethal Impairment -- References -- CHAPTER 8. FOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS -- Staphylococcus aureus -- Toxigenic Molds -- Salmonella -- Clostridium perfringens -- Clostridium botulinum -- Vibrio parahaemolyticus -- Bacillus cereus -- Parasites -- References -- CHAPTER 9. CONTROL OF αw AND MOISTURE -- Dehydration -- Concentration by Water Removal. , Intermediate Moisture Foods -- References -- CHAPTER 10. PACKAGING, STORAGE, AND TRANSPORTS -- Bulk Storage of Commodities -- Transport -- Refrigerated Storage of Bulk Products -- Packaged Foods -- Measurement of Water Vapor Permeability -- Permeability of Packaging Materials -- Unrefrigerated Packaged Foods -- Refrigerated Packaged Foods -- References -- CHAPTER 11. FOOD PLANT SANITATION -- Process Equipment Cleaning -- Food Storage Sanitation -- Effect of Relative Humidity on Insects and Insect Control -- Effect of Relative Humidity on Fumigants and Antimicrobial Agents -- Effect of Relative Humidity and aw on Bacterial Survival on Surfaces -- Effect of Relative Humidity on Airborne Microorganisms -- References -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- INDEX.

Note: Front Cover -- The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Dedication -- List of Contributors -- General Preface -- Preface to Volume VIII -- Contents of Other Volumes -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter I. Reactive Dyes-Physicochemical Aspects of Dye Fixation and Dye-Fiber Bond Hydrolysis -- I. Introduction -- II. Hydrolysis -- III. Competitive Alcoholysis and Hydrolysis in Solution -- IV. Competitive Reaction with Adsorption and Diffusion -- V. Use of Reaction Catalysts -- VI. Removal of Unfixed Dye from Reactive-Dyed Materials -- VII. Stability of Dye-Fiber Bonds -- VIII. Fixation of Reactive Dyes on Wool -- IX. Novel Approaches to Reactive Dye Fixation -- Chapter II. Leather Dyes -- I. Introduction -- II. General Discussion -- III. Anionic Dyes -- IV. Cationic Dyes -- V. Reactive Dyes -- VI. Azoic Dyes -- VII. Miscellaneous Dyes -- Chapter III. Solvent Dyes -- I. General Discussion -- II. Chemistry and Properties of Solvent Dyes -- III. Application, Evaluation, and Analysis of Solvent Dyes -- Chapter IV. New Developments in Textile Coloration -- I. Use of Solvents in Dyeing -- II. New Fibers -- III. Disperse Dyes for Cellulose -- IV. Microfoams for Dye Distribution -- V. Jet Dyeing -- VI. Continuous Exhaustion Dyeing -- VII. Vacuum Impregnation -- VIII. Space Dyeing -- Chapter V. Transfer Printing -- I. General Introduction -- II. History -- III. Developments since 1970-1971 -- IV. Basic Work on Transfer Printing -- V. Selection of Dyes for Transfer Printing -- VI. Transfer-Printed Carpets -- VII. Selection of the Paper or Other Materials for Transfer Printing -- VIII. Transfer-Printing Inks -- IX. Methods Used for Printing the Paper -- X. Heat-Transfer Print Machines -- XI. Japanese Patent Situation -- XII. Advantages and Disadvantages of Transfer Printing. , Chapter VI. Structural Factors Affecting the Lightfastness of Dyed Fibers -- I. Introduction -- II. Azo Dyes -- III. Anthraquinonoid Dyes -- IV. Nitrodiphenylamine Dyes -- V. Triarylmethane Dyes -- VI. Polymethine and Methine Dyes -- VII. Heterocyclic Dyes -- VIII. Reactive Dyes -- Chapter VII. Relations between the Molecular Structures of Dyes and Their Technical Properties -- I. Introduction -- II. Application Properties of Dyes -- III. Fastness Properties of Dyes -- IV. Relations between Technical Properties and Molecular Structure-Specific Dye-Fiber Systems -- Chapter VIII. The Dye Developer in the Polaroid Color Photographic Process -- I. Introduction -- II. Azo Dye Developers -- III. Anthraquinone Dye Developers -- IV. Metallized Dye Developers -- V. Miscellaneous Chromophores -- VI. Color-Shifted Dye Developers -- Chapter IX. Synthetic Carotenoids as Colorants for Food and Feed -- I. Introduction -- II. Discussion of Synthetic Methods -- III. Future Development -- IV. Conclusion -- Author Index -- Subject Index -- Cumulative Dye Index (Volumes III-VIII).

Note: Front Cover -- Mycotoxins in Foodstuffs-3 -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- CHAPTER 1. FOOD MYCOTOXINS SURVEY AND MONITORING PROGRAMS -- Abstract -- DESIGN OF A SURVEY -- MONITORING PROGRAMS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2. SAMPLING GRANULAR FOODSTUFFS FOR AFLATOXIN -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS -- EVALUATION OF A PEANUT TESTING PROGRAM -- DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3. MYCOTOXIN TOLERANCES IN FOODSTUFFS -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- TOLERANCES IN FOODSTUFFS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4. METABOLISM OF AFLATOXIN AND OTHER MYCOTOXINS IN RELATION TO THEIR TOXICITY AND THE ACCUMULATION OF RESIDUES IN ANIMAL TISSUES -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- AFLATOXIN -- STERIGMATOCYSTIN -- OCHRATOXIN A -- TRICHOTHECENES -- ZEARALENONE -- OESTROGENIC TOXINS AND PSEUDO-STEROIDS -- EXTRA-HEPATIC METABOLIC ACTIVATION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5. MODE D' ACTION DES MYCOTOXINES -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- MECANISME DE L'ACTION TOXIQUE DE L'AFLATOXINE B1 ET DE LA PR TOXINE -- MYCOTOXINES ET CANCEROGENICITE -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 6. MODE OF ACTION OF TRICHOTHECENES -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- Acknowledgement -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 7. MODE OF ACTION AND HUMAN HEALTH ASPECTS OF AFLATOXIN CARCINOGENESIS -- Abstract -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8. SHORT-TERM TESTS AND MYCOTOXINS -- Abstract -- CHAPTER 9. REVIEW OF PREVENTION, ELIMINATION, AND DETOXIFICATION OF AFLATOXINS -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- PREVENTION: AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES -- DIVERSION -- ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS -- GENETIC APPROACHES -- ELIMINATION: REMOVAL BY PHYSICAL SEPARATION -- DETOXIFICATION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10. THE MYCOTOXINS AND HUMAN HEALTH HAZARDS -- Abstract -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 11. SOME NEW MYCOTOXINS -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- COMPOUNDS WHICH ACT UPON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS). , TOXIC CYTOCHALASINS -- BISDIHYDROBENZOFURAN METABOLITES -- MYCOTOXINS WHICH CONTAIN THE β-TRICARBONYL MOIETY -- HIGHLY OXYGENATED COMPOUNDS -- CYCLIC PEPTIDES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES.

Note: Front Cover -- Advances in Smoking of Foods -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- CHAPTER 1. THE PHENOMENA OF QUALITY IN THE SMOKE CURING PROCESS -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- REVIEWS -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- CHAPTER 2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES INVOLVED IN THE PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION OF SMOKE -- Abstract -- PRODUCTION OF SMOKE -- REFERENCES -- ANALYSIS OF SMOKE AND SMOKED FOOD -- Abstract -- lNTRODUCTION -- POLYCYCLIC HYDROCARBONS -- PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4. CONTRIBUTION OF SMOKE COMPOUNDS TO SENSORY, BACTERIOSTATIC ANTIOXIDATIVE EFFECTS IN SMOKED FOODS -- INTRODUCTION -- CONTRIBUTION TO SENSORY EFFECTS -- CONTRIBUTION TO BACTERIOSTATIC AND ANTIOXIDATIVE EFFECTS -- FINAL REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5. SOME FACTS AND LEGISLATION CONCERNING POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SMOKED FOODS -- Abstract -- CONCLUSION -- REFERECNES -- CHAPTER 6. NOVEL CONCEPTS IN TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN OF MACHINERY FOR PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION OF SMOKE IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- BETTER CONTROL OF SMOKE FLAVOR AND COLOR -- THE C0NCERN FOR POSSIBLE CARCINOGENESIS FROM COMPONENTS IN WOOD SMOKE -- THE NEED TO DECREASE SMOKE EFFLUENT -- THE NEED FOR BETTER DESIGN AND FASTER THROUGH-PUT IN SMOKING SYSTEMS.

Note: Front Cover -- Nutrition and Drug Interrelations -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- Chapter 1. The Agile Role of Food: Some Historical Reflections -- I. Food as Patriotism -- II. The Vast Variety of Food Image and Role -- III. The American Version of Food Folklore -- IV. The Newer Nutrition and Its Manipulation -- V. The Vitamin Amendments of 1976 -- References -- SECTION I: DRUG EFFECTS ON NUTRIENT INTAKE, FUNCTION, AND REQUIREMENT -- Chapter 2. Appetite Regulation and Its Modulation by Drugs -- I. Introduction -- II. Regulation of Feeding Behavior -- III. Disorders of Appetite Regulation -- IV. Drugs Affecting Food Intake -- V. Summary and Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 3. Drugs and Water-Soluble Vitamin Absorption -- I. Introduction: Principles of Intestinal Absorption -- II. Water-Soluble Vitamin Absorption and Drug Inhibition -- III. Discussion: Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 4. Drug Effects on Fat-Soluble Vitamin Absorption -- I. Introduction -- II. Physiology of Digestion, Absorption, and Transport of Fat-Soluble Vitamins -- III. Drugs Affecting Fat-Soluble Vitamin Absorption -- IV. Miscellaneous Effects of Drugs on Fat-Soluble Vitamin Absorption -- V. Research Needs -- VI. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5. Drugs and Environmental Chemicals in Relation to Vitamin Needs -- I. Introduction -- II. Human Findings in Marginal Deficiency States -- III. Some Drug-Vitamin Interrelations -- IV. Implications of Marginal Deficiency on Human Performance -- V. Preventive/Corrective Proposals to Attain Nutritional Adequacy -- VI. Summary -- References -- Chapter 6. Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Nutrient Utilization -- I. Introduction -- II. Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Amino Acid and Protein Metabolism -- III. Vitamin Requirements and Utilization -- IV. Metals. , V. Conclusions and Future Research -- References -- Chapter 7. Nutritional Impact of Intestinal Drug-Microbe Interactions -- I. Introduction and Definitions -- II. The Role of the Intestinal Microflora in Host Nutrition -- III. Transformations of Foreign Compounds by Intestinal Microorganisms -- IV. The Nutritional Consequences of Drug-Microbe Interactions in the Intestines of Monogastric Animals -- V. The Influence of Anutrients, Foreign Compounds, and Drugs on the Fermentation in the Forestomachs of Polygastric Animals -- VI. Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 8. Interactions of Drugs and Intestinal Mucosal Endoplasmic Reticulum -- I. Introduction -- II. Distribution of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in the Intestine -- III. Biochemical Properties of Some Intestinal Microsomal Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes -- IV. Factors Affecting Intestinal Drug Metabolism -- V. Conclusions and Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 9. Drug Effects on Gastric Mucosa -- I. Pathogenesis -- II. Drug Treatment of Gastric Mucosal Damage -- III. Research Needs -- References -- SECTION II: NUTRITIONAL EFFECTS ON DRUG METABOLISM AND ACTION -- Chapter 10. Nutrients in Drug Detoxication Reactions -- I. Introduction -- II. The Metabolic Reactions of Drugs -- III. Nutrients Required in Phase I Reactions -- IV. Nutrients in Phase II Reactions or Conjugations -- V. General Mechanism of Conjugation and Nutrients Required -- VI. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11. Diet-Drug Interactions and Incompatibilities -- I. Introduction -- II. Influence of Food and Other Dietary Constituents on Drug Absorption -- III. Vitamin Intakes and Drug Responses -- IV. Drug-Induced Malnutrition -- V. Systemic Reactions Induced by Drug-Food Incompatibilities -- VI. Adverse Effects of Food Constituents on Nutrient Availability -- VII. Nutrient-Nutrient Incompatibilities. , VIII. Summary and Conclusions -- IX. Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 12. Ascorbic Acid and Drug Metabolism -- I. Introduction -- II. In Vivo Effects of Ascorbic Acid -- III. Specificity Studies -- IV. In Vivo Reversal of Drug Metabolism and Cytochrome Ρ-450 Turnover in Deficient Guinea Pigs -- V. Drug-Cytochrome P-450 Binding and Km Studies -- VI. Lipid Peroxidation and Phosphatidylcholine in Normal and Deficient Animals -- VII. Comparative Physicochemical Properties of Cytochrome P-450 in Normal and Ascorbic Acid-Deficient Microsomes -- VIII. Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 13. Dietary Minerals and Drug Metabolism -- I. Introduction -- II. Essential Minerals -- III. Nonessential Minerals -- IV. Conclusion and Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 14. Drug Metabolism and Infantile Undernutrition -- I. Introduction -- II. Antipyretic Drug Metabolism -- III. Metabolism of Antibiotics -- IV. Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15. Effects of Dietary Protein on Drug Metabolism -- I. Introduction -- II. Effect of Protein Deficiency on Mixed-Function Oxidase Enzyme System -- III. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16. Effect of Amino Acid Intake on Ethanol Toxicity -- I. Introduction -- II. Ethanol Absorption and Metabolism -- III. Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Ethanol -- IV. Methods of Determining Ethanol Toxicity -- V. Role of Acetaldehyde in Alcohol Toxicity -- VI. Summary -- References -- Chapter 17. Nutritional Effects on Drug-Protein Binding -- I. Introduction -- II. Binding to Plasma Albumin -- III. Free Fatty Acids -- IV. Effects of Free Fatty Acids on Drug Binding to Plasma Albumin -- V. Mechanism of Fatty Acid-Induced Albumin Binding Changes -- VI. Summary and Conclusions -- VII. Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 18. Lipids in Drug Detoxication -- I. Introduction. , II. Function of Lipoprotein in the Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme System -- III. Effect of Dietary Lipid on Composition of Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum -- IV. Role of Dietary Lipid in Hepatic Microsomal Drug Metabolism -- V. Role of Dietary Lipid on Component Enzymes of Drug-Metabolizing System -- VI. Effect of Dietary Lipid on Substrate Interaction with Cytochrome P-450 -- VII. Effect of Dietary Lipid on Intestinal Mixed-Function Oxidase Activity -- VIII. Effect of Dietary Lipid on the Induction of Hepatic Drug Metabolizing Enzymes -- References -- Chapter 19. Dietary Effects on Carcinogenicity of Drugs and Related Compounds -- I. Introduction -- II. Review -- III. Antitumor Agents -- IV. Steroid Hormones -- V. Agents Active in the Nervous System -- VI. Antibacterial and Antiparasitic Agents -- VII. Agents for Treatment of Dermatologic Diseases -- VIII. Discussion -- References -- SECTION III: USE OF DRUGS IN ANIMAL FEEDS -- Chapter 20. The Role of Antibiotics in Efficient Livestock Production -- I. Introduction -- II. Mode of Action -- III. Continued Effectiveness -- IV. Application of Antibiotics in Feeding Programs -- V. Summary -- References -- Chapter 21. Physiological Effects of Estrogens in Animal Feeds with Emphasis on Growth of Ruminants -- I. Introduction -- II. Plant Estrogens -- III. Estrogens of Mycological Origin -- IV. Synthetic Estrogens -- V. Overview -- References -- Chapter 22. Distribution and Fate of Growth-Promoting Drugs Used in Animal Production -- I. Introduction -- II. Compounds Possessing Hormonal Activity -- III. Antibiotics -- IV. Arsenic-Containing Compounds -- V. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 23. Antibiotics in Animal Feeds: An Assessment of the Animal and Public Health Aspects -- I. Introduction -- II. Relevant New Information -- III. Conclusions -- References -- SECTION IV: USE OF NUTRIENTS AND FOODS AS DRUGS. , Chapter 24. Some Aspects of Pharmacologic Use and Abuse of Water-Soluble Vitamins -- I. Review of Vitamins -- II. Nicotinic Acid -- III. Vitamin C -- IV. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 25. Uses and Function of Vitamin Κ -- I. Historical Sketch -- II. Blood Coagulation Mechanisms -- III. Role of Vitamin K-Dependent Proteins -- IV. Inactivation of Vitamin K-Dependent Proteins by Antithrombin III -- V. A Fifth Vitamin K-Dependent Protein -- VI. Depression of Vitamin Κ Activity -- VII. Vitamin Κ Function and the Structure of Prothrombin -- VIII. Five Distinct Vitamin K-Dependent Molecules -- IX. Some Possibilities and Needs for Investigation -- References -- Chapter 26. Vitamin D: Metabolism, Drug Interactions, and Therapeutic Applications in Humans -- I. Introduction -- II. Metabolism of Vitamin D -- III. Biochemical Mode of Action of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D -- IV. Drug and Disease-Related Aberrations in Vitamin D Metabolism and Therapeutic Application of Vitamin D-Sterols -- V. Calcinogenic Plants as a Source of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 -- VI. Perspectives in Future Vitamin D Research -- References -- Chapter 27. Toxic Effects of Megadoses of Fat-Soluble Vitamins -- I. Introduction -- II. Hypervitaminosis A -- III. Excess Vitamin Ε -- IV. Toxicity of Vitamin Κ -- V. Interactions of Hypervitaminoses -- VI. Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 28. Diet and Drug Therapy of Hyperlipoproteinemia -- I. Introduction -- II. Atherosclerosis and Hyperlipoproteinemia -- III. Hyperlipoproteinemia -- IV. Dietary Therapy of Hyperlipoproteinemia -- V. Drug Therapy -- VI. Research Needs -- References -- Chapter 29. Medicinal Uses of Foods -- I. Introduction -- II. Vegetable, Animal, and Mineral Prescriptions and Uses -- III. Diets -- IV. Conclusion -- References -- Author Index -- Subject Index.

Note: Front Cover -- Summary of International Energy Research and Development Activities -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- EDITOR'S NOTE -- PREFACE -- PART I: DESCRIPTION OF RESEARCH TASKS -- CHAPTER 1. ORGANIC SOURCES OF ENERGY -- A. Gas and Oil -- B. Coal -- C. Peat, Hydrocarbons, and Non fossil Organic Sources of Energy -- CHAPTER 2. THERMONUCLEAR ENERGY & PLASMA PHYSICS -- CHAPTER 3. FISSION SOURCES & ENERGY PRODUCTION -- A. Reactor Fuels -- B. Reactor Materials -- C. Reactor Components -- D. Reactor Thermodynamics, Thermohydraulics, and Mechanics -- E. Reactor Safety and Control -- F. Reactor Testing, Operations, and Analysis -- G. Reactor and Nuclear Physics -- H. Uranium Exploration and Mining -- I. Reactors - General -- CHAPTER 4. GEOPHYSICAL ENERGY SOURCES -- CHAPTER 5. CONVERSION TECHNOLOGY -- CHAPTER 6. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY CONVERSION & USE -- CHAPTER 7. TRANSPORT AND TRANSMISSION OF ENERGY -- CHAPTER 8. ENERGY UTILIZATION AND CONSERVATION -- CHAPTER 9. ENERGY SYSTEMS AND OTHER ENERGY RESEARCH -- SUBJECT INDEX -- INVESTIGATOR INDEX -- PERFORMING ORGANIZATION INDEX -- SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION INDEX.

Note: Intro -- Nomenklatur -- Abkürzungen -- Ionisationszustand von Säuren und Basen -- Enzyme -- SI-Einheiten -- Reaktionsschemata und Tabellen -- Tabelle der Abkürzungen -- 1. Symbole für monomere Einheiten in Makromolekülen oder in phos- phorylierten Verbindungen -- 2. Halbsystematische oder Trivialnamen -- 3. Enzyme -- 4. Allgemeine Abkürzungen und Symbole -- SI-Einheiten -- Tabelle der Normbereiche -- A. Stoffwechsel -- I. Enzyme -- II. Nucleinsäuren -- III. Proteine und Aminosäuren -- IV. Kohlenhydrate -- V. Lipide -- VI. Wasser- und Elektrolythaushalt -- B. Stoffwechselregulation -- I. Hormone -- II. Vitamine und Coenzyme -- C. Zellen, Gewebe und Organe -- I. Erythrozyten -- II. Granulozyten und Monozyten -- III. Leber -- IV. Gastrointestinaltrakt -- V. Niere -- VI. Skelettsystem -- VII. Herz- und Skelettmuskel -- VIII. Bindegewebe -- IX. Malignes Wachstum -- D. Dynamische Systeme -- I. Hämostase -- II. Entzündung -- III. Wundheilung -- IV. Immunchemie -- Bibliographie -- Sachregister.