Note: Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Preface (1993) -- Preface -- Part One: The Historical Background up to World War II -- 1: Beginnings -- 2: Charles Babbage and His Analytical Engine -- 3: The Astronomical Ephemeris -- 4: The Universities: Maxwell and Boole -- 5: Integrators and Planimeters -- 6: Michelson, Fourier Coefficients, and the Gibbs Phenomenon -- 7: Boolean Algebra: x2 = xx = x -- 8: Billings, Hollerith, and the Census -- 9: Ballistics and the Rise of the Great Mathematicians -- 10: Bush's Differential Analyzer and Other Analog Devices -- 11: Adaptation to Scientific Needs -- 12: Renascence and Triumph of Digital Means of Computation -- Part Two: Wartime Developments: ENIAC and EDVAC -- 1: Electronic Efforts prior to the ENIAC -- 2: The Ballistic Research Laboratory -- 3: Differences between Analog and Digital Machines -- 4: Beginnings of the ENIAC -- 5: The ENIAC as a Mathematical Instrument -- 6: John von Neumann and the Computer -- 7: Beyond the ENIAC -- 8: The Structure of the EDVAC -- 9: The Spread of Ideas -- 10: First Calculations on the ENIAC -- Part Three: Post-World War II: The von Neumann Machine and The Institute for Advanced Study -- 1: Post-EDVAC Days -- 2: The Institute for Advanced Study Computer -- 3: Automata Theory and Logic Machines -- 4: Numerical Mathematics -- 5: Numerical Meteorology -- 6: Engineering Activities and Achievements -- 7: The Computer and UNESCO -- 8: The Early Industrial Scene -- 9: Programming Languages -- 10: Conclusions -- Appendix: World-Wide Developements -- Index.

Note: Front Cover -- The Penetrometer and Soil Exploration: Interpretation of Penetration Diagrams-Theory and Practice -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Dedication -- Preface -- Introduction -- Notations -- Chapter 1. History of The Penetrometer -- 1.1 Origin and characteristics -- 1.2 The Dutch static penetrometers (Goudsche Machinefabriek) -- 1.3 The Frankipfahl static penetrometer (Germany) -- 1.4 American pocket penetrometers -- 1.5 The Sol-Essais (Parez) static penetrometer (France) -- 1.6 The Degebo static penetrometer (Germany) -- 1.7 The G.C. static penetrometer (Belgium) -- 1.8 The recording static penetrometer (U.S.A.) -- 1.9 The Franki static penetrometer (Belgium) -- 1.10 The Soletanche static penetrometer (France) -- 1.11 The Fugro electric-static penetrometer (The Netherlands) -- 1.12 The penetrometers of C.E.B.T.P. (France) -- 1.13 The electric static penetrometer of the Ponts et Chaussées Laboratory at Saint Brieuc (France) -- 1.14 The B.M.E.E. light penetrometer (Great Britain) -- 1.15 The American static penetrometer -- 1.16 The N.B.R.I. static penetrometer (South Africa) -- 1.17 The Australian static penetrometers -- 1.18 The Russian penetrometers -- 1.19 The Bulgarian static penetrometer -- 1.20 Remarks on the static penetrometer -- 1.21 The Fondasol dynamic penetrometer (France) -- 1.22 The Sermes dynamic penetrometer (France) -- 1.23 The Dynatest (France) -- 1.24 The Swedish penetrometers -- 1.25 The Danish penetrometer -- 1.26 Critical considerations on the dynamic penetrometer -- 1.27 The Swiss penetrometers -- 1.28 The Jangot-Bonneton static-dynamic penetrometer (France) -- 1.29 The Meurisse static-dynamic penetrometer (France) -- 1.30 The Andina static-dynamic penetrometer (Switzerland and France) -- 1.31 Graphical representation of penetrometer tests -- 1.32 Recommendations of the international commission. , Chapter 2. General theory -- 2.1 Preliminary evaluation of the diagrams and soil classification -- 2.2 Deep foundations -- 2.3 Shallow footings -- 2.4 Dynamic-penetrometer tests -- 2.5 Settlement forecast -- Chapter 3. The De Beer theory for the interpretation of penetrometer test data -- 3.1 Shallow foundations -- 3.2 Incipient failure conditions under shallow footings -- 3.3 Cohesionless soils -- 3.4 Cohesive soils -- 3.5 Interpretation of the penetrometer diagrams -- 3.6 Comparison between the Belgian and the early French theories -- 3.7 Notes pertaining to deep foundations -- Chapter 4. Kerise's theory -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Dense granular soils -- 4.3 Loose and medium dense granular soils -- 4.4 Cohesive soils -- 4.5 Conclusions -- Chapter 5. Dutch theories developed at the Delft Laboratory -- 5.1 Pile foundation design based on penetrometer test data -- 5.2 Experimental research in Delft -- 5.3 Practical applications of the Delft Laboratory method -- 5.4 Research on the skin friction as determined from static-penetrometer tests -- 5.5 Tests performed in The Netherlandss -- 5.6 Effects of vertical heterogeneity of soils - Geuze's law -- Chapter 6. Static penetrometers in the U.S.A. and Canada -- 6.1 Research by A.S. Vesic (U.S. A.) -- 6.2 Tests of CL. Crowther (U.S.A.) -- 6.3 Research by J.H. Schmertmann (U.S.A.) -- 6.4 Tests of Y. Lacroix (U.S.A.) -- 6.5 Canadian tests -- Chapter 7. Side friction and skin friction -- 7.1 Measurements of side friction -- 7.2 Cohesionless soils -- 7.3 Cohesive soils -- 7.4 Soil classification by determination of side friction fs and point resistance qc with static penetrometers -- Chapter 8. The dynamic penetrometer -- 8.1 Tests with dynamic penetrometers fitted with a cone -- 8.2 Interpretation of dynamic-penetration tests for shallow foundations. , 8.3 Theories for the interpretation of dynamic-penetrometer diagrams for deep foundations -- 8.4 Experiences in the Lyons area with sand and gravel mixtures -- 8.5 Heavy-and light-duty dynamic penetrometers -- 8.6 The dynamic penetrometer and the driving of sheet piles -- 8.7 Particular dynamic-penetrometer method for determining soil parameters -- 8.8 Precautions to be observed during dynamic penetration of cohesive soils -- Chapter 9. The Standard Penetration Test and the static penetrometer -- 9.1 Standard Penetration Test (S.P.T.) -- 9.2 Limitations on the use of the S.P.T -- 9.3 The various types of Standard Penetration Test -- 9.4 Experience of the Bureau of Reclamation (Denver, Colo.) -- 9.5 Thesis of Bazaraa -- 9.6 Comparison between the S.P.T. and the static-penetrometer test -- 9.7 Meyerhof's theory -- 9.8 Israeli experiences -- 9.9 Notes on the use of S.P.T. in South America and Spain -- Chapter 10. Discussions -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Raedschelders' comments on intermittent or continuous static penetration (Belgium) -- 10.3 L'Herminier's and Tcheng's experiences (France) -- 10.4 Static penetrometer tests in chalk deposits -- 10.5 Tests performed in Turkey -- 10.6 Brasilian tests -- 10.7 Tests performed in Yugoslavia -- 10.8 German experiences -- 10.9 Bulgarian tests -- 10.10 Australian experiences -- 10.11 Experiences in Venezuela -- 10.12 Investigations performed for Belawan Harbor (Sumatra) -- 10.13 British experiences -- 10.14 Italian tests -- 10.15 Penetration tests in the U.S.S.R -- 10.16 Swedish method of interpretation of penetration diagrams -- 10.17 In situ measurements of sand porosity -- 10.18 South African tests -- 10.19 Correlations between static penetrometer and pressuremeter -- 10.20 Jimenez Salas'experiences (Spain) -- 10.21 Compaction control with the static penetrometer. , 10.22 Driven pile length determination from static penetrometer diagrams -- 10.23 Required depth of soundings -- 10.24 Influence of rate of penetration and point diameter on the point resistance value of the static penetrometer -- 10.25 Penetration tests in Japan -- Chapter 11. The static penetrometer and the prediction of settlements -- 11.1 General comments -- 11.2 Determining the constant of compressibility by static penetrometer -- 11.3 Method of determining the correlation between qc and soil compressibility (research of E.C.L. and I.N.S.A., Lyons) -- 11.4 Results of the research made at the "Ecole Centrale de Lyon" and the I.N.S.A. of Lyons (France) -- 11.5 Practical examples for sands -- 11.6 Practical examples for clays -- 11.7 Experiences of Parez and Bachelier (France) -- 11.8 Delft Laboratory's results -- 11.9 Comparison between reinforced concrete design and soil mechanics -- 11.10 Estimates of settlements from S.P.T. data -- 11.11 Research in Africa -- 11.12 Haefeli's experiences (Switzerland) -- 11.13 English experiences -- 11.14 Australian tests -- 11.15 Theory of Schmertmann (U.S.A.) -- Chapter 12. Conclusions -- 12.1 Interpretation of static-penetration diagrams -- 12.2 Interpretation of dynamic penetration diagrams -- 12.3 Elementary precautions to be observed -- Appendix A: A.S.T.M. tentative standard method for deep quasi-static-cone penetration test -- Appendix B: L'Herminier's theory for the interpretation of penetration test data -- Appendix C: Bearing-capacity factors -- Appendix D: Curves of equal vertical stresses under a continuous footing and a square footing -- Bibliography.

Note: Front Cover -- Terrestrial Propagation of Long Electromagnetic Waves -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- OTHER TITLES IN THE SERIES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- LIST OF PRINCIPAL SYMBOLS -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Scope and Limitations of the Treatment -- 1.2 Basic Equations -- 1.3 Plane Waves -- 1.4 Reflection of Plane Waves -- 1.5 Planar Waveguide -- 1.6 References -- Chapter 2. Boundaries of the Terrestrial Waveguide -- 2.1 Ground Surface -- 2.2 The Ionospheric Boundary -- 2.3 References -- Chapter 3. Natural Sources of Radiation -- 3.1 Introduction and Summary -- 3.2 Description of a Lightning Discharge -- 3.3 Mathematical Models of Lightning Discharges -- 3.4 Statistical Models for Relating Source and Receiver Waveforms -- 3.5 References -- Chapter 4. Waves in a Spherical Guide -- 4.1 Introduction and Summary -- 4.2 Formal Solution -- 4.3 Exponential or Thin-shell Approximations -- 4.4 Taylor Series Expansion of the Radial Functions -- 4.5 Airy Function Approximation of the Radial Functions -- 4.6 Fields in the Vicinity of Sources -- 4.7 Fields Near the Antipode -- 4.8 Overall Field Variations -- 4.9 Appendix. Series of Zonal Harmonics and the Watson Transformation -- 4.10 References -- Chapter 5. Waves in a Cylindrical Guide -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Formal Solution -- 5.3 Exponential or Thin-shell Approximations -- 5.4 Airy Function Approximation of the Cylindrical Functions -- 5.5 Multilayer Representations -- 5.6 Fields Below an Anisotropic Ionosphere -- 5.7 Appendix. Excitation ofthe Air Space Below an Anisotropic Ionosphere -- 5.8 References -- Chapter 6. Fields in Stratified and Anisotropic Media -- 6.1 Introduction and Summary -- 6.2 Isotropic Ionosphere Models with a Diffuse Lower Boundary -- 6.3 Propagation Transverse to a Horizontal Static Magnetic Field in a Cylindrical Geometry. , 6.4 Spherical Layers with a Radial Static Magnetic Field -- 6.5 Cylindrical Layers with a Dipping Static Magnetic Field -- 6.6 Exponential Approximation for Arbitrary Directions of Propagation Below an Anisotropic Ionosphere -- 6.7 Anisotropy of the Ground -- 6.8 Appendix -- 6.9 References -- Chapter 7. E.L.F. Propagation and Scbumann Resonances -- 7.1 Introduction and Summary -- 7.2 Field Representations for a Uniform Cavity -- 7.3 Propagation Parameters -- 7.4 Schumann Resonances -- 7.5 Appendix. Combined T.M. and T.E. Fields -- 7.6 References -- Chapter 8. V.L.F. Propagation -- 8.1 Introduction and Summary -- 8.2 Propagation Parameters for a Sharply Bounded Homogeneous Ionosphere Model -- 8.3 Propagation Parameters for Exponential Ionosphere Models -- 8.4 Propagation Parameters for Composite Ionosphere Models -- 8.5 Wave Polarization -- 8.6 Mode Interference -- 8.7 Perturbed Ionosphere -- 8.8 Elevated Sources -- 8.9 References -- Chapter 9. L.F. Propagation -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Ground Waves -- 9.3 Waves in the Earth-to-ionosphere Waveguide -- 9.4 References -- AUTHOR INDEX -- SUBJECT INDEX.

Note: Front Cover -- Heat and Mass Transfer in Rheologically Complex Fluids -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Dedication -- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS -- FOREWORD -- PART 1: SPECIAL LECTURES -- CHAPTER 1. CONTINUUM FOUNDATION OFRHEOLOGY-NEW ADVENTURES -- Part I. Foundation of Thermorheological Materials -- Part II. Microcontinuum Rheology -- References -- CHAPTER 2. SOME RHEOLOGICALEFFECTS IN GAS MIXTURES -- Experimental Apparatus -- Some Experimental Results on Centripetal Pump Effect -- Transfer Equations Derived on the Basis of the Kinetic Gas Theory -- Gas-mixture Separation -- Gas Interaction with the Wll -- References -- CHAPTER 3. TRANSPORT PHENOMENA INTURBULENT FLOWOF RHEOLOGICALLY COMPLEX FLUIDS -- Introduction -- 1. Rheology -- 2. Drag Reduction -- 3. Heat Transfer in Turbulent Flow of Drag-reducing Liquids -- 4. Heat Transfer in Boundary-layer Flow of Elastic Liquids -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 4. FLOW, HIGH ELASTICITYAND RELAXATIONCHARACTERISTICS OF POLYMER SYSTEMS -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 5. HEAT-TRANSFEREFFECTS IN FLOWING POLYMERS -- Notation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Mathematical Formulation of Heat-flow Relations -- 3. Physical Properties -- 4. Numerical Treatment -- 5. The Single-screw Extruder -- References -- CHAPTER 6. SUSPENSION RHEOLOGY -- Contents -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General View of a Suspension as a Continuum -- 3. Rigid Particles -- 4. Deformable Particles -- 5. Inertial Effects -- Acknowledgment -- References -- CHAPTER 7. RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIESOF BIOLOGICAL FLOW SYSTEMS -- Contents -- Notation -- Introduction -- Experimental Data -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- CHAPTER 8. THIXOTROPIC EFFECTSIN VISCOELASTIC MEDIA -- Introduction -- 1. Development of the Thixotropic Theory on the Basis of the Oldroyd"Contravariant" Rheological Model with Continuous Distributionof Relaxation Times. , 2. The Simplest Cases of Strain in Viscoelastic Thixotropic Medium -- 3. Constitutive Equations for Thixotropic Viscoelastic Media on theBasis of Non-linear Viscoelasticity Theory with the JaumannHereditary Integrals -- References -- PART 2: COMMUNICATIONS -- CHAPTER 9. MICROSCOPIC TREATMENT OFNON-LINEAR AND NON-LOCALTRANSPORT EFFECTS IN FLUIDS -- References -- CHAPTER 10. NON-EQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICSAND RHEOLOGY OF VISCOELASTIC FLUIDS -- References -- CHAPTER 11. RHEODYNAMICS AND MASS TRANSFERIN ROTATINGFLOWS OF ANOMALOUS-VISCOUS FLUIDS -- Nomenclature -- References -- CHAPTER 12. ON INSTABILITIES IN POISEUILLE ANDCOUETTE FLOWS OF VISCOELASTIC FLUIDS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Instabilities of Cellular Type in Free Jets Discharging from StraightDucts -- 3. Stationary and Oscillatory Instabilities in Couette Flow -- References -- CHAPTER 13. THE EFFECT OF VERYDILUTE POLYMER SOLUTIONSON THE FORMATION OFTAYLOR VORTICES. COMPARISONOF THEORY WITH EXPERIMENT -- Introduction -- The Fluid Model -- Choice of Experimental Methods -- Theory of the Rotating Concentric-cylinder Method -- Apparatus -- Materials -- Experimental Technique -- Results -- Discussion -- References -- CHAPTER 14. FLOW INSTABILITY DUE TOCONVECTIVETIME CHANGES OF CONSISTENCY -- Notation -- Tubular Reactor -- Consequences of the Extreme on the Pressure Characteristics -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 15. ON NON-NEWTONIAN BEHAVIOUR INPIPE FLOWS ANDTHE POSSIBILITY OF ITS PREDICTION -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Results -- 3. Theoretical Predictions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 16. RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OFPOLYMERS REDUCING DRAG FRICTION -- References -- CHAPTER 17. HEAT TRANSFER INDRAG-REDUCING SOLUTIONS -- Introduction -- 1. Rheological Properties of the Solutions -- 2. Experimental Apparatus -- 3. Heat Transfer Data Reduction. , 4. Calibration of the Heat-Transfer Circuit -- 5. Experimental Results -- 6. Degradation of solutions -- Conclusions -- References -- CHAPTER 18. PREDICTION METHOD FOR TURBULENTMOMENTUM AND HEAT TRANSFERIN VISCOUS NON-NEWTONIAN LIQUIDS -- Nomenclature -- Introduction -- Fluid Models -- Scope of Study -- Results and Discussion -- References -- CHAPTER 19. A MODEL AND CALCULATIONPROCEDURE FOR THEFRICTION AND HEAT TRANSFERBEHAVIOUR OF DILUTE POLYMERSOLUTIONS IN TURBULENT PIPE FLOW -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Present Hypothesis -- 3. Method of Computation -- 4. Results for Fully Developed Pipe Flow -- 5. Results for Non-uniform Distribution of Additive -- 6. Discussion -- 7. Acknowledgements -- References -- CHAPTER 20. THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OFU02NaK AND U02-Na SLURRY -- Theory -- Experiments and Results -- Conclusions-Future Prospects -- Acknowledgement -- References -- CHAPTER 21. METHODS FOR DETERMINING THERMALPROPERTIES OF ANISOTROPIC SYSTEMS -- References -- CHAPTER 22. ON THE RELATION BETWEENMOLECULAR PROPERTIES OF POLYMERMATERIALS AND CONTINUUMTHEORIES OF FLUIDS WITH STRUCTURE -- Introduction -- Background -- Interpretation -- Summary -- References -- CHAPTER 23. CONVECTIVE MASS OR HEAT TRANSFERFROM SIZE-DISTRIBUTED ENSEMBLESOF DROPS, BUBBLES, OR SOLID PARTICLES -- Notation -- Introduction -- Present Workf -- Statistical Nature of the Formulation -- References -- CHAPTER 24. CONVECTION IN FERROMAGNETICFLUID DUE TO MAGNETOCALORIC EFFECT -- References -- CHAPTER 25. VARIATIONAL METHODS IN ATHEORY OF DECELERATEDMOTIONS OF DISSIPATIVE CONTINUA -- 1. A Variational Principle for Holonomial Dissipative Models of Continua -- 2. Models of Rigid-viscoplastic Media -- 3. Close Rheological Models -- References -- CHAPTER 26. SIMILARITY PROBLEMS OF A NONISOTHERMALBOUNDARY LAYER OF ANINCOMPRESSIBLE NON-LINEAR VISCOUSMEDIUM WITH REGARD FOR DISSIPATION. , Nomenclature -- I. General Case of a Temperature Dependence of Transfer Coefficients -- II. Case of an Exponential Temperature Dependence of Transfer Coefficients -- ÐÉ. Case of Non-Fourier Heat-conduction Law at TemperaturedependentEffective Viscosity -- References -- AUTHOR INDEX.

Note: Front Cover -- Atlas of the Ultrastructure of Diseased Human Muscle -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- CHAPTER 1. Normal Striated Muscle -- SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBRES -- PLASMA AND BASEMENT MEMBRANES -- SATELLITE CELLS -- TYPES OF MUSCLE FIBRES -- BLOOD CAPILLARIES, FIBROBLASTS AND COLLAGEN -- MYOTENDINOUS JUNCTION -- NERVES AND MOTOR END PLATES -- MUSCLE SPINDLES -- EXTRA-OCULAR MUSCLE -- FOETAL SKELETAL MUSCLE -- CARDIAC MUSCLE. ADULT AND FOETAL -- CHAPTER 2. Changes in Muscle Fibres -- MYOFIBRILS -- NUCLEI AND GOLGI APPARATUS -- MITOCHONDRIA -- GLYCOGEN -- LIPID BODIES -- SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM AND T-SYSTEM (HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES) -- VACUOLES. AUTOPHAGIC VACUOLES -- MYELIN AND MEMBRANOUS BODIES -- CONCENTRIC LAMINATED BODIES -- TUBULAR STRUCTURES -- CRYSTAL AND VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES -- PLASMA AND BASEMENT MEMBRANES -- SATELLITE CELLS AND REGENERATION OF MUSCLE -- CHAPTER 3. Changes in Blood Capillaries and Interstitial Tissue of Muscle -- BLOOD CAPILLARIES -- LEUCOCYTIC INFILTRATION AND PHAGOCYTOSIS OF THE MUSCLE FIBRES -- FIBROBLASTS AND COLLAGEN -- AMYLOID FIBRILS -- CHAPTER 4. Changes in Nerves, Motor End Plates and Muscle Spindles -- CHANGES IN NERVES -- CHANGES IN MOTOR END PLATES -- CHANGES IN MUSCLE SPINDLES -- CHAPTER 5. Changes in Various Muscle Diseases -- DENERVATION ATROPHY OF MUSCLE -- MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES -- POLYMYOSITIS AND ALLIED CONDITIONS -- METABOLIC, ENDOCRINE AND TOXIC MYOPATHIES -- CONGENITAL MYOPATHIES -- References -- Index.

Note: Front Cover -- The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Volume 6 -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Preface to Volume VI -- Contents of Other Volumes -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter I. Reactive Dyes: Reactive Groups -- I. Introduction -- II. Reactive Groups Bound to the Colorant -- III. Dyestuffs together with Separately Used Reactive Components -- IV. Mobile Groups -- Chapter II. Reactive Dyes: Chromophore Systems -- I. Synthesis of Reactive Dyes -- II. Azo Dyes -- III. Anthraquinonoid Dyes -- IV. Phthalocyanines -- V. Other Reactive Dyes -- Chapter III. Reactive Dyes: Application and Properties -- I. Establishment of the Dye-Fiber Linkage -- II. Degradation of the Dye-Fiber Linkage -- III. Proofs for the Existence of a Covalent Dye-Fiber Linkage -- Author Index -- Subject Index.