Note: Preliminaries -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Transfer Functions and Spectral Models -- Chapter 2 State Space Representation -- Chapter 3 Discrete Time Systems -- Chapter 4 Structural Properties of Linear Systems -- Chapter 5 Signals Deterministic and Statistical Models -- Chapter 6 Kalman's Formalism for State Stabilization and Estimation -- Chapter 7 Process Modeling -- Chapter 8 Simulation and Implementation of Continuous Time Loops -- Chapter 9 Analysis by Classic Scalar Approach -- Chapter 10 Synthesis of Closed Loop Control Systems -- Chapter 11 Robust Single Variable Control through Pole Placement -- Chapter 12 Predictive Control -- Chapter 13 Methodology of the State Approach Control -- Chapter 14 Multi variable Modal Control -- Chapter 15 Robust H LMI Control -- Chapter 16 Linear Time Variant Systems -- List of Authors -- Index.

Note: Intro -- MOLECULAR PROPERTIES OF DRUG RECEPTORS -- Contents -- Chairman's opening remarks -- Receptors as defined by their pharmacological properties -- Discussion -- The cholinergic receptor in skeletal muscle -- Discussion -- Adenyl cyclase as a component of the adrenergic receptor -- Discussion -- On receptors in the postsynaptic membrane of the motor end plate -- Discussion -- General Discussion -- Crystallographic studies of the active site of lysozyme -- Discussion -- Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of protein binding sites: the complex of staphylococcal nuclease with 3'.5'-thymidine diphosphate -- Discussion -- Fluorescent probes of biological macromolecules -- Discussion -- General Discussion -- The interaction of the subunits of haemoglobin as a mechanism of control -- Discussion -- Conformational transitions in the course of membrane excitation -- Discussion -- General Discussion -- Affinity labelling of protein active sites -- Discussion -- Counting acetylcholine receptors in the electroplax -- Discussion -- The nature of complex formation -- Discussion -- Final Discussion -- Author index -- Subject index.

Note: Cover -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Author's Note -- Acknowledgements -- Preface -- PART ONE - Why do things happen the way they do? -- A How long is a piece of string? -- B The laws of Physics -- Gravity -- Salt mountain -- Black and White: Hot and Cold -- Spectrum -- Round the Bend -- Π (pi) -- The Tangent and the Chord -- The Speed of Light -- Eclipses -- Quartz Crystals -- Undiscovered Laws -- Summary -- C Evidence and how to assess it -- PART TWO - The Questions -- Introduction - Answerable and Unanswerable Questions -- Question 1: How did the Universe begin? -- 1 - The Arose on its own option -- 2 - The Always Existed Option -- 3 -The Creator Option -- Answer -- Question 2 - Are there other Universes? -- Answer -- Question 3 - How did life begin? -- 1 - The 'On its Own' option -- 2 - The Creator Option -- Answer -- Question 4 - How old are the Earth and the Universe? -- The Biblical Option versus the Scientific Option -- Answer -- Question 5 - Do UFOs exist? -- Where are they from? -- Why is there no Physical Evidence? -- Answer -- Question 6 - Have Alien Astronauts visited Earth? -- Answer -- Question 7 - Alien Encounters: True o False? -- George Adamski -- Betty and Barney Hill -- Answer -- Question 8 - Is there Extra-Terrestrial Intelligent Life? -- Communication with Extra-Terrestrial Civilisations -- The Probability of Extra-Terrestrial Life -- Extra-Terrestrial Life did Exist But is now Extinct -- Answer -- Question 9 - Could we travel to other Galaxies? -- Travel at Faster than Light Speeds -- Travel through Worm Holes in Space -- Answer -- Question 10 - Is Time Travel Possible? -- Travelling Back in Time -- Travelling Forward in Time -- Answer -- Question 11 - Does Astrology Work? -- Horoscopes -- Answer -- Question 12 - Do coincidences mean anything? -- The Birthday Surprise -- Dreams that Come True. , The Wreck of the Titan -- Chance Meetings -- Laura Buxton's Balloon -- The Meissen Plate -- Total Eclipse of the Sun -- Answer -- Question 13 - Does Prayer Work? -- Answer -- Question 14 - Could we Live Forever? -- Answer -- Question 15 - What Happens when we Die? -- Nothing -- Something -- Question 16 - Is there a Creator? -- Religions -- Christianity -- Islam -- Hinduism -- Atheism -- Chinese Traditional (Folk) -- Buddhism -- Sikhism -- Judaism -- The Creation of the Universe -- The Creation of Life -- To Act Upon Prayers -- Some Difficult Questions -- Answer -- Question 17 - How and When will the World End? -- Man-Made Scenarios -- Natural Scenarios -- Gamma Ray Burst -- Other Natural Events -- The Death of The Sun -- The Big Crunch -- The Expanding Universe -- The Death of the Universe -- Answer -- Question 18 - Will We Ever know Everything? -- Eyes that are Sensitive to the Entire Electromagnetic Spectrum -- Eyes with Zoom Lenses -- Photographic Memory -- The Ability to Biosynthesise Vitamins -- Immunity to Infectious Diseases -- Answer -- And Finally... -- INDEX -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X, Y, Z.

Note: Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- The Lady Elgin, 1859 -- Detroit to Constantinople -- Doppelgangers to the Bitter End -- The Ice-Bucking Steamship Aurania -- Boneyard on the Detroit River -- Harry Coulby's Gruesome Gift -- Through the Wheelhouse Windows of the N. J. Nessen -- The Advent of Tankers on the Great Lakes -- Bibliography -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Submolecular Biology and Cancer -- Contents -- Introduction -- The living state and cancer -- A note on cancer and possible relationships to submolecular biology -- Energy bands and charge transfer in proteins -- Discussion -- Electronic structure of proteins and DNA: solid-state aspects -- Discussion -- The mechanism of conduction in proteins -- Discussion -- Electronic and dielectric properties of protein - methylglyoxal complexes -- Discussion -- Free radicals in cancer -- Discussion -- Whole-body nuclear magnetic resonance scanning: n.m.r. studies of tumour cells -- Discussion -- Quantum chemical investigations of charge- transfer interactions in relation to the electronic theory of cancer -- Discussion -- The search for new cancerostatic agents -- Discussion -- Thermal copoly(amino acids) as inhibitors of glyoxalase I -- Discussion -- Interactions of methylglyoxal with methylamine -- Discussion -- Methylglyoxal production in human blood -- Discussion -- Formation and properties of reactive aldehydes -- Discussion -- Biological activity of methylglyoxal and related aldehydes -- Discussion -- Carcinostatic activity of methylglyoxal and related substances in tumour-bearing mice -- Discussion -- Biochemical studies of transient intermediates in relation to chemical carcinogenesis -- Discussion -- General discussion -- Index contributors -- Subject index.

Note: Front Cover -- Contents -- Introduction -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: First Principles DFT Studies of Metal-Based Biological and Biomimetic Systems -- Chapter 2: Structural and Thermodynamic Studies of α-Synuclein Proteins Related to Parkinson's Disease: Impact of Aqueous Solution and Fe3+ Coordination -- Chapter 3: Carbohydrate and Trivalent Iron Ion Interactions in the Gas Phase and in Aqueous Solution -- Chapter 4: Aqueous Solutions of Metal Ions -- Chapter 5: Structure of Liquid Metal Surfaces: A First Principles Perspective -- Chapter 6: Some Practical Considerations for Density Functional Theory Studies of Chemistry at Metal Surfaces -- Chapter 7: Computational Investigations of Metal Oxide Surfaces -- Chapter 8: Tight Binding Methods for Metallic Systems -- Chapter 9: Density Functional Calculations of Metal Clusters: Structure, Dynamics, and Reactivity -- Chapter 10: Density Functional Theory Calculations on Cobalt and Platinum Transition Metal Clusters -- Chapter 11: Exploring the Borderland between Physics and Chemistry: Theoretical Methods in the Study of Atomic Clusters -- Back Cover.

Note: Intro -- Silicon Carbide: Volume 2: Power Devices and Sensors -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Volume 2 Silicon Carbide: Power Devices and Sensors -- Part A View from Industry -- 1 Present status and future prospects for electronics in electric vehicles/hybrid electric vehicles and expectations for wide-bandgap semiconductor devices -- 1.1 Issues surrounding automobiles -- 1.2 Past, present, and future of Toyota hybrid vehicles -- 1.3 Newest hybrid vehicle -- 1.4 Expectations for wide-bandgap semiconductors in HV inverter applications -- 1.5 Toyota Group research and development on wide-bandgap semiconductor devices -- 1.6 Conclusions -- References -- 2 Silicon carbide power-device products - Status and upcoming challenges with a special attention to traditional, nonmilitary industrial applications -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 SiC in power electronics -- 2.3 Summary -- References -- Part B I Unipolar Devices Schottky Diodes -- 3 Effect of an intermediate graphite layer on the electronic properties of metal/SiC contacts -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Experimental -- 3.3 Results -- 3.4 Discussion -- 3.5 Conclusions -- References -- 4 Reliability aspects of SiC Schottky diodes -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Micropipes -- 4.3 Avalanche ruggedness by design improvement -- 4.4 Product improvement by high performance die attach -- 4.5 Reliability test results -- 4.6 Summary -- References -- Part B II JFET -- 5 Design, process, and performance of all-epitaxial normally-off SiC JFETs -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Advantages of the SiC JFET technology -- 5.3 All-epitaxial normally-off SiC DGTJFET design -- 5.4 Innovative device process technologies -- 5.5 All-epitaxial 1200 V trench 4H-SiC DGTJFET -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Extreme temperature 6H-SiC JFET integrated circuit technology -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Transistors -- 6.3 Circuits. , 6.4 Summary & -- future work -- References -- 7 1200 V SiC vertical-channel-JFETs and cascode switches -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Large-area 1200 V 4H-SiC vertical JFET structures -- 7.3 Investigation of the suitability of 1200 V normally-off vertical-channel SiC JFETs for power switching applications -- 7.4 1200 V normally-off all-SiC VJFET based cascode switch -- 7.5 Reliability of the 1200 V normally-off all-SiC VJFET cascode switch -- 7.6 Thermal properties of VJFET/cascode -- 7.7 0.143 cm2 active-area 1200 V class vertical-channel JFETs -- 7.8 Edge termination of large-area vertical-channel JFETs -- 7.9 Summary -- References -- Part B III MOS Interfaces -- 8 Alternative techniques to reduce interface traps in n-type 4H-SiC MOS capacitors -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Material, processing parameters, and analysis techniques -- 8.3 Thermal oxidation in a tungsten lamp furnace combined with a microwave plasma -- 8.4 Over-oxidation of N-implanted 4H-SiC -- 8.5 Over-oxidation of N-/Al-implanted 4H-SiC -- 8.5.1 Material and implantation parameters -- 8.5.2 Results and discussion -- 8.6 Summary -- References -- 9 High electron mobility achieved in n-channel 4H-SiC MOSFETs oxidized in the presence of nitrogen -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Experimental -- 9.3 Results -- 9.4 Discussion -- 9.5 Summary -- References -- 10 4H-SiC MISFETs with nitrogen-containing insulators -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Survey of "nitridation" -- 10.3 Device fabrication -- 10.4 Characteristics of MIS capacitors and FETs on 4H-SiC(0001) -- 10.5 Characteristics of MIS capacitors and FETs on 4H-SiC(0001) -- 10.6 Influence of effective fixed charge density on channel mobility -- 10.7 Application of N-containing insulators to p-channel MIS capacitors and FETs -- 10.8 Summary of effects of N-Containing insulators on n- and p-type SiC MIS capacitors and FETs -- 10.9 Conclusion. , References -- 11 Inversion layer electron transport in 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Silicon MOS history -- 11.3 4H-silicon carbide MOS mobility characterization -- 11.4 Physical characterization of the interface -- 11.5 Differences between inversion layer electron transport in Si MOS and 4H-SiC MOS -- 11.6 Future work -- 11.7 Summary -- References -- Part C MOSFET and JFET Power Devices -- 12 Development of SiC diodes, power MOSFETs and intelligent power modules -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 SiC diodes -- 12.3 SiC MOSFETs -- 12.4 SiC trench MOSFETs -- 12.5 SiC IPMs -- 12.6 Summary -- References -- 13 Reliability issues of SiC power MOSFETs toward high junction temperature operation -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Issues and measures for high Tj operation -- 13.3 Device structure and process integration -- 13.4 Discussion -- 13.5 Conclusion -- References -- 14 Application of silicon carbide transistors in photovoltaic - inverters -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Photovoltaic trend -- 14.3 Photovoltaic systems -- 14.4 Normally-off SiC-JFETs -- 14.5 SiC-MOSFETs -- 14.6 SiC-FETs as synchronous rectifiers -- 14.7 Single phase inverter with normally-off SiC-JFETs -- 14.8 Three phase full bridge inverter with SiC-MOSFETs -- 14.9 Production costs of PV-inverters -- 14.10 Financial benefits with SiC-transitors -- 14.11 Conclusions and outlook -- Appendix: measurement setup -- References -- Part D Bipolar Devices -- 15 Design and technology considerations for SiC bipolar devices: BJTs, IGBTs, and GTOs -- 15.1 SiC bipolar junction transistors -- 15.2 SiC insulated gate bipolar transistors -- 15.3 SiC Gate turn-off thyristors -- 15.4 Technical challenges in SiC bipolar devices -- 15.5 Summary -- References. , 16 Suppressed surface-recombination structure and surface passivation for improving current gain of 4H-SiC BJTs -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Survey of the conventional BJTs with high common emitter current gain -- 16.3 Basic structure and operating principle of the proposed BJTs -- 16.4 Evaluation of surface passivation for improving current gain -- 16.5 Design and fabrication of the SSR-BJTs -- 16.6 Characteristics of the SSR-BJTs -- 16.7 Conclusion -- References -- 17 SiC avalanche photodiodes and photomultipliers for ultraviolet and solar-blind light detection -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Silicon carbide avalanche photodiodes -- 17.3 Influence of defects in SiC substrate on device performance -- 17.4 Silicon carbide photomultiplier -- 17.5 Summary -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Early History and the Struggle for Resources: Native Nations, Spain, Mexico, and the United States -- 3. The Valley of the Heart's Delight: Santa Clara County's Agricultural Period, 1870-1970 -- 4. The Emergence of Silicon Valley: High-Tech Development and Ecocide, 1950-2001 -- 5. The Political Economy of Work and Health in Silicon Valley -- 6. The Core: Work and the Struggle to Make a Living without Dying -- 7. The Periphery: Expendable People, Dangerous Work -- 8. Beyond Silicon Valley: The Social and Environmental Costs of the Global Microelectronics Industry -- 9. Toward Environmental and Social Justice in Silicon Valley, USA, and Beyond -- 10. The Broader Picture: Natural Resources, Globalization, and Increasing Inequality -- Notes -- References -- Index -- About the Authors.

Note: Front Cover -- Micro & -- Nano Technologies Series -- Micromixers: Fundamentals, Design and Fabrication -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface for the second edition -- Symbols -- Chapter 1 - Introduction -- 1.1 Micromixers and Mixing in Microscale -- 1.2 Micromixers as Microreactors -- 1.3 Organization of the Book -- References -- Chapter 2 - Fundamentals of mass transport in the microscale -- 2.1 Transport Phenomena -- 2.2 Molecular Diffusion -- 2.3 Taylor Dispersion -- 2.4 Chaotic Advection -- 2.5 Viscoelastic effects -- 2.6 Electrokinetic Effects -- 2.7 Magnetic and Electromagnetic Effects -- 2.8 Scaling Law and Fluid Flow in Microscale -- References -- Chapter 3 - Computational transport processes for micromixers∗ -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Problem Description -- 3.3 Mathematical Formulation -- 3.4 Solution Procedure -- 3.5 Verifications and Validations -- 3.6 Examples -- 3.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4 - Fabrication technologies -- 4.1 Silicon-Based Microtechnologies -- 4.2 Polymeric Microtechnologies -- 4.3 Metallic Microtechnologies -- 4.4 Packaging -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5 - Micromixers based on molecular diffusion -- 5.1 Parallel Lamination -- 5.2 Sequential Lamination -- 5.3 Sequential Segmentation -- 5.4 Segmentation Based on Injection -- 5.5 Focusing of Mixing Streams -- 5.6 Gradient Generator Based on Diffusive Mixing -- References -- Chapter 6 - Micromixers based on chaotic advection -- 6.1 Chaotic Advection at High Reynolds Numbers -- 6.2 Chaotic Advection at Intermediate Reynolds Numbers -- 6.3 Chaotic Advection at Low Reynolds Numbers -- 6.4 Chaotic Advection in Multiphase Flow -- References -- Chapter 7 - Active micromixers -- 7.1 Flow Instability in Microchannels -- 7.2 Pressure-driven Disturbance -- 7.3 Electrohydrodynamic Disturbance -- 7.4 Dielectrophoretic Disturbance. , 7.5 Electrokinetic Disturbance -- 7.6 Magnetohydrodynamic Disturbance -- 7.7 Acoustic Disturbance -- 7.8 Thermal Disturbance -- References -- Chapter 8 - Characterization techniques -- 8.1 Imaging Techniques -- 8.2 Measurement Using Optical Microscopy -- 8.3 Quantification Methods for Micromixers -- References -- Chapter 9 - Application of micromixers -- 9.1 Chemical Industry -- 9.2 Applications in Chemical and Biochemical Analysis -- 9.3 Outlook -- References -- Index.