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  • Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.  (7)
  • English  (7)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessment of the Life Cycle Environmental Impact of the Olive Oil Extraction Solid Wastes in the European Union
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2013
    In:  The Open Waste Management Journal Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2013-11-15), p. 12-20
    Details
    In: The Open Waste Management Journal, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2013-11-15), p. 12-20
    Abstract: There is an increasing interest in developing sustainable systems in the European Union (EU) to recover and upgrade the solid wastes of the olive oil extraction process, i.e. wet husk. A Life Cycle Environmental Impact Assessment (LCIA) of wet husk has been carried out aiming at facilitating an appropriate Life Cycle Management of this biomass. Three scenarios have been considered, i.e. combustion for domestic heat, generation of electric power, and composting. The Environmental Product Declaration and the ReCiPe method were used for Life Cycle Impact Assessment. Domestic heating and power generation were the most important impact factors in damaging human health, ecosystems, and natural resources depletion. Composting was 2-4 orders of magnitude less impacting than domestic heat and power generation. Considering human health, the impact of climate change, human toxicity and particulate matter formation represented the main impact categories. Considering ecosystems, climate change and natural land transformation were the main impact categories. Within natural resources, fossil fuel depletion was impacted three orders more than metal depletion. Within domestic heating and power generation scenarios, storage of wet husk along with the extraction by organic solvent, and the waste treatment were the most impacting phases for global warming potential, ozone layer depletion, acidification and non renewable fossil resources depletion. The results obtained for the waste disposal have been comparatively assessed with respect to the environmental impact of the olive oil production chain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1876-4002
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1876400220131014001
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2493052-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gulf Asthma Diagnosis and Management in Adults: Expert Review and Recommendations
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2022
    In:  The Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-07-18)
    Details
    In: The Open Respiratory Medicine Journal, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-07-18)
    Abstract: The prevalence and incidence of asthma are increasing globally because of genetic and environmental influences. Prevalence of asthma in the Gulf has been reported to range from 4.7% to 32.0% and has a substantial economic burden. In this paper, we summarize current asthma management guidance for adults, present insights, and recommendations by key opinion leaders (KOLs) in the Gulf region, and key performance indicators for guiding clinical practice for asthma diagnosis, management, and treatment in the Gulf. While it is recommended that the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines should be followed wherever possible for the management of asthma, KOLs in the Gulf region have presented additional recommendations based on regional challenges and insights. There is a need for better diagnosis using objective testing, increased efforts in tackling the burden of comorbidities in the region, and greater provision of the necessary tools for phenotyping severe asthma. Furthermore, there is a need for greater education for physicians regarding asthma treatment, including the importance of inhaled-corticosteroid-containing controller medication. Regionally, there is also a need for specialist asthma clinics and asthma educators, which would serve to educate physicians and their patients as well as to improve the management of patients. Finally, the use of asthma registries, digital devices, and electronic templates would be of benefit in the management of asthma patients in the region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1874-3064
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/18743064-v16-e2205230
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2395996-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hempcrete
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2020
    In:  The Open Waste Management Journal Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2020-07-21), p. 26-34
    Details
    In: The Open Waste Management Journal, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2020-07-21), p. 26-34
    Abstract: Environment-friendly materials attract attention whilst the construction sector causes excessive global energy consumption and emission of greenhouse gas. Renewable plant-based biomaterials, which have a low environmental impact, are very beneficial in order to prevent environmental pollution and to preserve natural resources. Hempcrete provides environment-friendly construction materials as well as thermal and hygroscopic properties. Objective: This paper presents a review of hempcrete research about understanding the environmental effects and construction methods of hempcrete; moreover, the benefits and innovations it has provided throughout its life cycle, have been investigated. Methods: For this purpose, experimental studies of hempcrete were compared to each other in all aspects in order to determine density, thermal conductivity, vapor permeability, hygrometric behavior, durability, acoustic absorption, mechanical properties and life cycle analysis. Moreover, binder characteristics, hemp shiv proportions, water content, curing conditions and results have been focused on to explain the benefits of hempcrete. Results: The results obtained show that hempcrete has high porosity and vapor permeability, medium-low density, low thermal conductivity, Young’s modulus and compressive strength. Conclusion: Based upon the findings of the studies reviewed, hempcrete is an advantageous material in buildings with its extraordinary thermal and hygrometric behaviour. Hemp is also an eco-friendly and economical plant-based raw material for the construction industry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1876-4002
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1874312902014010026
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2493052-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Threats and Vision for the Conservation of Galápagos Birds
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2019
    In:  The Open Ornithology Journal Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2019-1-31), p. 1-15
    Details
    In: The Open Ornithology Journal, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2019-1-31), p. 1-15
    Abstract: Threats that affect the avian diversity on the Galápagos Islands are increasing. We evaluated threats such as climate change and severe weather, human intrusions and disturbance, biological resource use, invasive and other problematic species, genes and diseases, pollution, geological events and loss of genetic diversity in relation with avian species enlisted in both the international and national (Ecuador) IUCN Red List, which can be used as sentinel species of the ecosystem. Here, the status of the threatened species for the next ten years (present time up to 2028), under two scenarios, including the status quo and the avian diversity vision for the species’ conservation, was assessed. Methods: The conceptual framework of the assessment was envisioned within the existing knowledge and projections of present and future threats to revisit current conservation efforts. Based on this evaluation, a set of management actions coupled with mitigation strategies to address new anthropogenic threats affecting the long-term survival of species in the face of global and regional environmental changes are recommended. Alternative strategies for species conservation, mainly when declining avian populations are susceptible to demographic bottlenecks or risk of extinction and when natural disasters affect ecosystem stability, are also considered. Results: These results should be envisioned as a guide for the evaluation and management of the avian species in the future to be replicated every decade.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1874-4532
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1874453201912010001
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2515309-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tuberculosis Preventive Behaviors and their Determining Factors among Household Contacts of Tuberculosis Patients in Thailand: A Cross-sectional Study
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2024
    In:  The Open Public Health Journal Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2024-01-17)
    Details
    In: The Open Public Health Journal, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2024-01-17)
    Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) places a substantial burden on global public health, particularly in developing countries—including Thailand. Household contacts (HHCs) of individuals infected with TB are considered high risk due to their elevated risk of catching and transmitting the disease. Objectives: This study explores TB preventive behaviors and their determining factors among HHCs of TB patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 245 HHCs who cared for TB patients was conducted in 2022. A questionnaire was used to collect data, which were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: The overall mean score for all the TB preventive behaviors combined was high (3.84 ± 0.692). On examining the three domains of TB preventive behaviors, the mean score for healthy self-care behaviors was lower (3.45 ± 0.752) than the mean score for behaviors performed to contain and prevent the spread of TB infection from TB patients (4.09 ± 0.860), as well as that for environmental management behaviors (3.99 ± 0.910). TB preventive behaviors were determined to a statistically significant degree by the response efficacy of TB prevention (b = 0.396, P -value 〈 0.001), perceived self-efficacy at TB prevention (b = 0.260, P -value = 0.01), and gender (b = −0.146, P -value = 0.047). Conclusion: Overall, TB preventive behaviors among HHCs are at a commendable level in Thailand. However, healthcare institutions and relevant agencies need to actively promote healthier self-care behaviors within these HHCs. This advocacy should place a strong emphasis on enhancing conviction in the benefits of TB preventive behaviors and confidence in performing these behaviors, especially among male HHCs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1874-9445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/0118749445283184240111074905
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2575068-9
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients and its Correlation with Obesity Status at Pre-adolescent Stage: A Narrative Review
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2022
    In:  The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-08-17)
    Details
    In: The Open Cardiovascular Medicine Journal, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-08-17)
    Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), especially acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remain a worldwide major cause of premature morbidity and mortality, with considerable health care costs. Metabolic, behavioural, environmental, and social risk factors are significant drivers of AMI, with obesity being a key determinant among them. Childhood obesity constitutes a major health threat that is considered a global epidemic of the 21st century. Objective: To assess whether excess weight from the first years of life acts as a predisposing factor in increasing the risk of AMI in young adults. Methods: This is a narrative review of the evidence concerning the epidemiology of early AMI and obesity, using PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: There is substantial evidence showing that excess weight during childhood multiplies the risk of AMI at an early age. Conclusion: Premature AMI seems to have significant drivers related to lifestyle factors, such as childhood obesity. In the era of a childhood obesity epidemic, the aforementioned relationship underlines the need for early prevention and management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1874-1924
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/18741924-v16-e2206200
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2430362-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2396047-4
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Plant Feedstocks and their Biogas Production Potentials
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2020
    In:  The Open Agriculture Journal Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2020-11-13), p. 219-234
    Details
    In: The Open Agriculture Journal, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2020-11-13), p. 219-234
    Abstract: Nowadays, organic waste utilization and replacement of fossil energy sources with their renewable alternatives pose a challenging problem both for industrially developed and developing countries. Anaerobic digestion of organic biomass into biogas is considered an efficient technology for bioenergy production. Over the period from 2009 to 2018, the global biogas production capacities have more than doubled and are continuing to grow. The composition and the amount of biogas depend strongly on the type of the substrate. Various types of feedstock can be used for the production of biogas such as animal wastes, agricultural residues, and dedicated energy crops. Objective: To review biogas production potentials of energy crops and plant processing raw materials. Results: In the background of historical development and present state, the paper reviews the potential of different plant raw materials to be utilized for biogas production purposes. The potential of energy crops, agricultural residues, and wastes for biogas production is analyzed. International projects concerning energy crops grown on marginal lands are presented and commented on in the article. The approach of implementing crop rotation systems for industrial energy crop cultivation is described and recommended as beneficial for various purposes. The anaerobic degradability of biomass constituents, optimal process parameters, and biomass treatment for biogas production are discussed. C/N ration and lignocelluloses content in the substrate are considered among the most decisive parameters for AD and methane production. Various concepts of biogas bioreactor technologies have been studied depending on the substrate type. Conclusion: Plant feedstock may play a decisive role in biogas production as a renewable energy source. To avoid GHG release into the atmosphere, biogas facilities should be built within the closest vicinities to the places of existing garbage dumps, and waste management practice involving organic fraction separation in households and in the industry should be applied. Construction of biogas facilities is beneficial for environmental, economic, and social reasons.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1874-3315
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2174/1874331502014010219
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2396052-8
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