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  • Articles  (67)
  • 2015-2019
  • 2010-2014  (67)
  • 2013  (67)
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  • Articles  (67)
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  • 2015-2019
  • 2010-2014  (67)
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  • 1
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    Effect of seismic super-shear rupture on the directivity of ground motion acceleration (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: The effect of seismic super-shear rupture on the directivity of ground motions using simulated accelerations of a vertical strike-slip fault model is the topic of this study. The discrete wave number/finite element method was adopted to calculate the ground motion in the horizontal layered half space. An analysis of peak ground acceleration (PGA) indicates that similar to the sub-shear situation, directivity also exists in the super-shear situation. However, there are some differences as follows: (1) The PGA of the fault-normal component decreases with super-shear velocity, and the areas that were significantly affected by directivity in the PGA field changed from a cone-shaped region in the forward direction in a sub-shear situation to a limited near-fault region in a super-shear situation. (2) The PGA of the fault-parallel and vertical component is not as sensitive as the fault-normal component to the increasing super-shear velocity. (3) The PGA of the fault-normal component is not always greater than the fault-parallel component when the rupture velocity exceeds the shear wave velocity.
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 2
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    Closure to “Discussion on ‘Optimum placement and characteristics of velocity-dependent dampers under seismic excitation’ by SA Mousavi and AK Ghorbani-Tanha” by Izuru Takewaki (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 3
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    Dynamic shear modulus of undisturbed soil under different consolidation ratios and its effects on surface ground motion (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: The dynamic shear modulus for three types of undisturbed soil under different consolidation ratios is presented by using the resonant column test method. Its effects on surface ground motion is illustrated by calculation. The test results indicate that the power function is a suitable form for describing the relationship between the ratio of the maximum dynamic shear modulus due to anisotropic and isotropic consolidations and the increment of the consolidation ratio. When compared to sand, the increment of the maximum dynamic shear modulus for undisturbed soil due to anisotropic consolidation is much larger. Using a one-dimensional equivalent linearization method, the earthquake influence factor and the characteristic period of the surface acceleration are calculated for two soil layers subjected to several typical earthquake waves. The calculated results show that the difference in nonlinear properties due to different consolidation ratios is generally not very notable, but the degree of its influence on the surface acceleration spectrum is remarkable for the occurrence of strong earthquakes. When compared to isotropic consolidation, the consideration of actual anisotropic consolidation causes the characteristic period to decrease and the earthquake influence factor to increase.
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 4
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    Comparison of adaptive structural damage identification techniques in nonlinear hysteretic vibration isolation systems (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: Early structural damage identification to obtain an accurate condition assessment can assist in the reprioritization of structural retrofitting schedules in order to guarantee structural safety. Nowadays, seismic isolation technology has been applied in a wide variety of infrastructure, such as buildings, bridges, etc., and the health conditions of these nonlinear hysteretic vibration isolation systems have received considerable attention. To effectively detect structural damage in vibration isolation systems based on vibration data, three time-domain analysis techniques, referred to as the adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF), adaptive sequential nonlinear least-square estimation (ASNLSE) and adaptive quadratic sum-squares error (AQSSE), have been investigated. In this research, these analysis techniques are compared in terms of accuracy, convergence and efficiency, for structural damage detection using experimental data obtained through a series of laboratory tests based on a base-isolated structural model subjected to El Centro and Kobe earthquake excitations. The capability of the AEKF, ASNLSE and AQSSE approaches in tracking structural damage is demonstrated and compared.
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 5
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    Test and simulation of full-scale self-centering beam-to-column connection (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: A new type of beam-to-column connection for steel moment frames, designated as a “self-centering connection,” is studied. In this connection, bolted top-and-seat angles, and post-tensioned (PT) high-strength steel strands running along the beam are used. The PT strands tie the beam flanges on the column flange to resist moment and provide self-centering force. After an earthquake, the connections have zero deformation, and can be restored to their original status by simply replacing the angles. Four full-scale connections were tested under cyclic loading. The strength, energy-dissipation capacity, hysteresis curve, as well as angles and PT strands behavior of the connections are investigated. A general FEM analysis program called ABAQUS 6.9 is adopted to model the four test specimens. The numerical and test results match very well. Both the test and analysis results suggest that: (1) the columns and beams remain elastic while the angles sustain plastic deformations for energy dissipation when the rotation of the beam related to the column equals 0.05 rad, (2) the energy dissipation capacity is enhanced when the thickness of the angle is increased, and (3) the number of PT strands has a significant influence on the behavior of the connections, whereas the distance between the strands is not as important to the performance of the connection.
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 6
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    Study of the seismic response of a recycled aggregate concrete frame structure (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: Based on six-degree-of-freedom three-dimensional shaking table tests, the seismic response of a recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) frame was obtained. The analysis results indicate that the maximum story shear force and overturning moment reduce proportionally along the height of the model under the same earthquake wave. The story shear force, base shear coefficient and overturning moment of the structure increase progressively as the acceleration amplitude increases. The base shear coefficient is primarily controlled by the peak ground acceleration (PGA). The relationships between the PGA and the shear coefficient as well as between the PGA and the dynamic amplification factor are obtained by mathematical fitting. The dynamic amplification factor decreases rapidly at the elastic-plastic stage, but decreases slowly with the development of the elastic-plasticity stage. The results show that the RAC frame structure has reasonable deformability when compared with natural aggregate concrete frame structures. The maximum inter-story drift ratios of the RAC frame model under frequent and rare intensity 8 test phases are 1/266 and 1/29, respectively, which are larger than the allowable value of 1/500 and 1/50 according to Chinese seismic design requirements. Nevertheless, the RAC frame structure does not collapse under base excitations with PGAs from 0.066 g up to 1.170 g.
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 7
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    Transient analysis of 1D inhomogeneous media by dynamic inhomogeneous finite element method (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: The dynamic inhomogeneous finite element method is studied for use in the transient analysis of onedimensional inhomogeneous media. The general formula of the inhomogeneous consistent mass matrix is established based on the shape function. In order to research the advantages of this method, it is compared with the general finite element method. A linear bar element is chosen for the discretization tests of material parameters with two fictitious distributions. And, a numerical example is solved to observe the differences in the results between these two methods. Some characteristics of the dynamic inhomogeneous finite element method that demonstrate its advantages are obtained through comparison with the general finite element method. It is found that the method can be used to solve elastic wave motion problems with a large element scale and a large number of iteration steps.
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 8
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    Fractal characterization and frequency properties of near-fault ground motions (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: This study explores the irregularity and complexity of strong earthquake ground motions from the perspective of fractal geometry, and constructs a relation with the frequency content of the ground motions. The box-counting fractal dimensions and five representative period parameters of near-fault ground motions from the Chi-Chi and Northridge earthquakes are calculated and compared. Numerical results indicate that the acceleration and velocity time histories of ground motions present the statistical fractal property, and the dominant pulses of near-fault ground motions have a significant influence on their box dimensions and periods. Further, the average box dimension of near-fault impulsive ground motions is smaller, and their irregular degree of wave forms is lower. Moreover, the box dimensions of ground motions reflect their frequency properties to a large extent, and can be regarded as an alternative indicator to represent their frequency content. Finally, the box dimension D of the acceleration histories shows a considerably negative correlation with the mean period T m . Meanwhile, the box dimension of the velocity histories D vel is negatively correlated with the characteristic period T c and improved characteristic period T gi .
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 9
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    Dynamic interaction numerical models in the time domain based on the high performance scaled boundary finite element method (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: Consideration of structure-foundation-soil dynamic interaction is a basic requirement in the evaluation of the seismic safety of nuclear power facilities. An efficient and accurate dynamic interaction numerical model in the time domain has become an important topic of current research. In this study, the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) is improved for use as an effective numerical approach with good application prospects. This method has several advantages, including dimensionality reduction, accuracy of the radial analytical solution, and unlike other boundary element methods, it does not require a fundamental solution. This study focuses on establishing a high performance scaled boundary finite element interaction analysis model in the time domain based on the acceleration unit-impulse response matrix, in which several new solution techniques, such as a dimensionless method to solve the interaction force, are applied to improve the numerical stability of the actual soil parameters and reduce the amount of calculation. Finally, the feasibility of the time domain methods are illustrated by the response of the nuclear power structure and the accuracy of the algorithms are dynamically verified by comparison with the refinement of a large-scale viscoelastic soil model.
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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  • 10
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    Condensed hyperelements method of non-vertical consistent boundaries for wave propagation analysis in irregular media (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-15
    Description: The study of wave propagation in finite/infinite media has many applications in geotechnical and structural earthquake engineering and has been a focus of research for the past few decades. This paper presents an analysis of 2D antiplane problems (Love waves) and 2D in-plane problems (Rayleigh waves) in the frequency domain in media consisting of a near-field irregular and a far-field regular part. The near field part may contain structures and its boundaries with the far-field can be of any shape. In this study, the irregular boundaries of the near-field are treated as consistent boundaries, extending the concept of Lysmer’s vertical consistent boundaries. The presented technique is called the Condensed Hyperelements Method (CHM). In this method, the irregular boundary is limited to a vertical boundary at each end that is a consistent boundary at the far-field side. Between the two ends, the medium is discretized with hyperelements. Using static condensation, the stiffness matrix of the far-field is derived for the nodes on the irregular boundary. Examples of the application of the CHM illustrate its excellent accuracy and efficiency.
    Print ISSN: 1671-3664
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-503X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer on behalf of The Institute of Engineering Mechanics (IEM), China Earthquake Administration.
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